Wikipedia

Zaria

obodo na ọchịchị ime obodo na Kaduna, Naijiria

Zaria bụ obodo mepere emepe na Naijiria, nke dị ugbu a n'ime mpaghara gọọmentị anọ dị na Kaduna Steeti. Ọ na-eje ozi dị ka isi obodo nke Zazzau Emirate kansụl ma bụrụ otu n'ime obodo asaa mbụ nke Hausa. Mpaghara gọọmentị ime obodo nke gụnyere Zaria bụ Zaria, Sabon Gari, Giwa, na Soba mpaghara gọọmentị mpaghara nke Kaduna Steeti, Naijiria.

O nwere mahadum kachasị ukwuu na Naịjirịa, Mahadum Ahmadu Bello, na ụlọ akwụkwọ dị iche iche gụnyere Federal Kọleji nke agụmakwụkwọ (F C E zaria) Naijirian Kọleji nke Teknụzụ ụgbọ elu , ụlọ mmụta nke Teknụzụ ụgbọ ala Naijiria, ụlọ mmụta nke akpụkpọ anụ sayensị na Teknụzụ Naijiria na Naijiria kọleji nke teknụzụ ụgbọ elu. Ngalaba Ọrụ Ugbo Ahmed Bello Mahadum Zaria. Ameer Shehu Idris Kọleji nke mmụta ọdịnihu Diploma.

Site na ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị bi n'afọ 2006, e mere atụmatụ na Zaria nwere mmadụ narị asaa na iri atọ nà isii. [1] Ọ bụ ebe obibi nke Emir nke Zazzau.

Ndị nche n'obí eze

Zaria, nke a maara na mbụ dị ka Zazzau, bụ isi obodo nke Alaeze Hausa nke Zazzau . [2] A na-eche na a tọrọ ntọala Zazzau na ma ọ bụ n'ihe dị ka 1536 ma na ngwụcha narị afọ nke iri na isii, a gbanwere aha ya n'aha nwanne nwanyị Queen Amina, Zaria.[3] Ebe obibi mmadụ bu ụzọ tupu ịrị elu nke Zazzau, ebe mpaghara ahụ, dị ka ụfọdụ ndị agbata obi ya, nwere akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ebe obibi Hausa, yana mgbanwe ahịa na ọrụ ugbo.

Zaria bụ obodo kachasị n'ebe ndịda nke obodo ndị Hausa. Ọ bụ ebe azụmahịa maka ndị njem Sahara yana obodo a ma ama na ahịa ohu nke Hausa. Na ngwụcha afọ 1450, Islam rutere Zaria site n'ụzọ obodo ụmụnne ya Habe, Kano na Katsina. Tinyere Islam, azụmahịa na-aga n'ihu n'etiti obodo ndị ahụ ka ndị ahịa na-eweta ndị njem kamel jupụtara na nnu iji gbanwere ndị ohu na ọka. Ike obodo ahụ ruru n'ókè n'okpuru Eze Nwanyị Amina onye agha ya guzobere mpaghara na-akwado ya gụnyere alaeze nke Kano na Katsina. Na ngwụcha narị afọ nke iri na isii, mgbe ọnwụ Eze Nwanyị Amina gasịrị, Zaria dara n'okpuru mmetụta nke Alaeze Jukun ma mesịa ghọọ steeti na-akwụ ụgwọ n'onwe ya.[2] N'etiti narị afọ nke iri na ise na nke iri na isii alaeze ahụ ghọrọ steeti na-akwado Alaeze Ukwu Songhai. N'afọ 1805, ndị Fulani weghaara ya n'oge Fulani Jihad. Ndị agha Britain nke Frederick Lugard duziri weghaara obodo ahụ n'afọ 1901. [4]

Emir nke Zazzau AMB. Alh. Ahmed Nuhu Bamalli

Otu onye France nke otu Ndị Alakụba bụ Ansaru, nke a dọọrọ n'agha na Zaria, gbapụrụ n'afọ 2013 wee rute n'ụlọ ọrụ ndị uwe ojii dị n'obodo ahụ.[5]

N'ọnwa Disemba afọ 2015, a kọrọ na ndị agha Naịjirịa gburu ndị Alakụba Shia dị narị atọ ma lie ozu ha n'ili ọha. Ọ bụ ezie na gọọmentị na-agọnahụ ihe omume ahụ, a kọwawo ya dị ka ogbugbu. [6]

Ụmụaka na-egwuri egwu n'otu n'ime okporo ámá Zaria

Akụkụ ochie nke obodo ahụ, nke a maara dị ka Birnin Zazzau ma ọ bụ obodo Zaria , bụ nke mgbidi na ebe e wusiri ike gbara gburugburu na mbụ, nke e wepụrụ ọtụtụ n'ime ha. [7] Obí eze ahụ dị n'obodo ochie ahụ. N'obodo ochie na agbata obi Tudun Wada dị nso, ndị mmadụ na-ebikarị n'ụlọ adobe ọdịnala. Ndị bi n'ógbè abụọ a bụ ndị obodo Hausa.[7]

E nwere nnukwu ihe dị iche iche na ụlọ Zaria, na ụlọ ndị e ji ụrọ mee n'ụdị Hausa jikọtara ya na ụlọ mahadum na ụlọ gọọmentị nke oge a.[3]

Osisi silkụ-owu bụ otu n'ime osisi kachasị ukwuu na Zazzau emirate n'ozuzu ya ma osisi ahụ arụwo ọrụ dị mkpa na ndụ ime mmụọ na akụ na ụba nke ndị bi na Zaria karịsịa ndị Anguwan Kahu bụ ndị na-eme Kahu maka ndị Emirs, ndị isi distrikti, ndị isi ngalaba na ndị isi obodo. silk-owu-osisi-sayensị-aha-bụ-ceiba-pentandra-n'okpuru-acha anụnụ anụnụ-igwe

A maara Anguwan Kahu dị ka ebe azụmahịa ebe ọ na-eji ogho eme matarasị, ohiri isi, uwe Ịnyịnya wdg.

Wakilin Kahu Zazzau bụ onye isi ndị Anguwan Kahu na onye nnọchi anya ha n'obí eze.

Ogige Anguwan Liman dị n'ebe ugwu nke obí eze Zaria.   [citation needed][8]

Njem na akụ na ụba

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Ọnọdụ akụ na ụba Zaria dabeere n'ọrụ ugbo. Ihe nkedo bụ ọka na ọka. Ihe ọkụkụ ego gụnyere ogho, mkpụrụ osisi na ụtaba.[2] Ọ bụghị naanị na Zaria bụ obodo ahịa maka mpaghara gbara ya gburugburu, ọ bụ ebe obibi nke ndị omenkà site na ọrụ aka ọdịnala dị ka ọrụ akpụkpọ anụ, ịcha na ime okpu, na ndị na-arụ ọrụ, ụlọ obibi akwụkwọ na ndị na'ime ụlọ.[7] Zaria bụkwa etiti nke ụlọ ọrụ akwa nke emeela uwe eji aka rụọ nke ọma nke ụmụ nwoke na-eyi na Naịjirịa na ndịda Afrika.[9] 

 
Okporo ụzọ Zaria City, Kaduna

N'ihi na Zaria dị n'ebe ugwu nke ụzọ ụgbọ okporo ígwè na Kaduna, ọ nwere ụzọ ụgbọ okporo ụzọ hà nhata na ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri na Lagos na Port Harcourt. Otú ọ dị, ọ bụ naanị ụzọ ụgbọ okporo ígwè dị n'etiti Lagos na Kano na-arụ ọrụ, ebe ọ bụ na ụzọ ọwụwa anyanwụ nke netwọk ụgbọ okporo ígwè Naịjirịa anaghị arụ ọrụ. Nke a pụtara na Zaria nwere ụzọ ụgbọ okporo ígwè na Lagos na Kano n'ebe ugwu mana ọ bụghị Port Harcourt.[10][11]

Site n'afọ 1914 ruo 1927, Zaria bụ ọdụ Ụgbọ okporo ígwè ọkụ Bauchi na-aga n'ebe a na-egwupụta tịn na Jos.[12]

 
Ụlọ Senate nke Mahadum Ahmadu Bello

Zaria bụ ebe mahadum Ahmadu Bello, mahadum kachasị ukwuu na Naịjirịa na nke abụọ kachasị ukwuu na kọntinent Afrịka. Ụlọ ọrụ ahụ bụ nke a ma ama na ngalaba nke Ọrụ Ugbo, Sayensị, Ego, Ọgwụ na Iwu.[13] A maara ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ maka ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke ndị isi si n'ógbè ahụ nke gafere ụlọ agụmakwụkwọ ya na ọnụ ọgụgụ n'etiti ndị gụsịrị akwụkwọ ya ise bụ ndị isi ala Naijiria, gụnyere onye isi ala nwụrụ anwụ bụ Umaru Musa Yar'Adua.[14]

Zaria bụkwa ntọala maka ụlọ akwụkwọ nke Teknụzụ ụgbọ elu , [15] Ụlọ ọmụmụ nnyocha nke mbà màkà Teknụzụ kemịkal, [16] Ogige ndị agha Naịjiria, [17] Ụlọ akwụkwọ ndị agha Naịjiria , ogige Bassawa , Federal Kọleji nke agụmakwụkwọ Zaria. [18] Ụfọdụ ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndịrị akụkọ ihe mere eme dị na obodo dị nso nke Wusasa, ebe onye bụbu onye isi gọọmentị ndị agha Federal Yakubu Gowon bi bụ ụlọ akwụkwọ St. Bartholomew na ụlọ akwụkwọ sayensị Kufena, nke a na-akpọbu St. Paul's Kọleji, bụkwa MAISS-GIWA ụlọ akwụkwọ hiwere site na ya. Emir nke Zazzau Dr. Shehu Idris dị n'ebe ahụ. Barewa Kọleji (nke bụbu ụlọ akwụkwọ etiti Katsina) na Alhudahuda Kọleji bụ ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị ndị ọzọ ama ama n'obodo ahụ. [19]

Ememme ọdịnala

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Emume Durber na Zaria afọ 2021

Zaria so n'obodo ndị dị n'ebe ugwu na-eme emume omenala durbar kwa afọ na Naịjirịa.[1] A na-eme emume a ugboro abụọ n'afọ nke na-egosi njedebe nke Ramadan ma na-emekwa emume ndị Alakụba nke eid al adha na eid al fitri.[9] Na Zaria, a na-eme emume a n'ụzọ dị iche iche. Ụbọchị mbụ, nke a maara dị ka Hawan sallah, nwere ekpere eid na njem ikpeazụ nke eze ahụ gbara obodo ahụ gburugburu site n'ala eid gaa n'obí ya na ndị isi distrikti na ndị nche eze, ebe ụbọchị nke abụọ a maara dị hi Hawan Bariki sallah ya mere ụbọchị nke atọ a maara dị nga Hawan Daushe bụ maka njem ikpeazụ nke Emir gburugburu obodo ahụ. [6][10]

Zaria nwere ihu igwe savanna na-ekpo ọkụ (Köppen climate classification Aw) na ihu igwe na-ekpo ọkụ n'afọ niile, oge mmiri na-adị site na Eprel ruo Septemba, na oge ọkọchị site na Ọktoba ruo Machị.[20]

Ebe obibi

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Nnyocha nke afọ 2019 nke mmetọ ikuku na Zaria chọpụtara na mmetọ dị n'ime ụkpụrụ mba a tụrụ anya ya maka mmetọ ifufe.[21]

 
Nke a bụ ebe dị na Zaria City, Kaduna State, waya dị elu site na Kaduna ruo Zaria ruo Kano

Ọdịdị ala nke Zaria na ojiji ala gara aga pụtara na ọtụtụ n'ime ala akụkọ ihe mere eme nke obodo ahụ bụ ala kpọrọ nkụ.[22] Nnyocha e mere n'afọ 2020 chọpụtara na ala na-adịghị eme belatara site na 1990 ruo 2020 ebe ebe e wuru ụlọ mụbara pasent 66 na ala ahịhịa mụbara site na pasent 29.[22] Ahịhịa anọwo na-ebelata site na 1990 ruo 2005, mana ebe ọmụmụ ahụ chọpụtara mmụba dị egwu n'ihi ọrụ ugbo na mgbake osisi mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị.[22] Nkọwa amụma dabere na iwu obodo na mmepe obodo na-atụ aro na mmụba nke ala obodo na ahịhịa ga-aga n'ihu ruo 2050.[22]

Mmiri na mkpocha

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Mmiri a na-enye obodo ahụ sitere na Bọọdụ mmiri Kaduna Steeti.[23] Ka ọ na-erule n'afọ 2012, obodo Zaria nwere pasent iri atọ nke mmiri dị ọcha.[23] African Development Fund nyere ego maka ọrụ mmụba na 2013 maka 100 nde dollar nke $ 480. [23][24] Ọrụ ahụ nwere nsogbu na ụfọdụ ndị ọrụ nkwekọrịta ya n'ógbè ahụ, nke mere ka African Development Bank machibido ụlọ ọrụ anọ aka na-ekere òkè na ọrụ ego ụlọ akụ.[25] Ka ọ na-erule n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ 2020, pasent 60 nke mmiri dị na usoro ahụ enweghị ihe ọ bụla n'ihi njikọ iwu na-akwadoghị, omume na-adịghị mma, na mmezi na-adịghị ike.[25]

Ndị ama ama

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Hụkwa

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  • Ogige ụgbọ okporo ígwè na Naịjirịa

Edensibia

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  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Zaria Population 2021 (Demographics, Maps, Graphs). worldpopulationreview.com. Retrieved on 2021-07-13.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 The Britannica Encyclopedia. Retrieved on 2007-02-04.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Zaria | Nigeria", Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved on 2016-11-05.
  4. ↑ Zaria Town in Kaduna Nigeria Guide. www.nigeriagalleria.com. Retrieved on 2023-05-15.
  5. ↑ Le Monde, 13 March 2015
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 "Mass graves for '300 Shia Nigerians' in Zaria", BBC News, 2015-12-23. Retrieved on 2016-11-05.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 Gihring (1984). "Intraurban Activity Patterns among Entrepreneurs in a West African Setting". Geografiska Annaler: Series B, Human Geography 66 (1): 19–20. DOI:10.2307/490525. 
  8. ↑ Usman (2007). History of Birnin Zaria from 1350 -2902 (in en). Zaria -Kaduna: Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, 280. 
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 Maiwada, Salihu and Renne, Elisha P. (2007) "New Technologies of Embroidered Robe Production and Changing Gender Roles in Zaria, Nigeria, 1950–2005" Textile History 38(1): pp. 25-58, page 25
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 Can Nigeria's renovated railway unite north and south?. BBC News (13 February 2013). Retrieved on 11 December 2013.
  11. ↑ Trains in Nigeria: A slow but steady new chug. The Economist (9 February 2013). Retrieved on 4 March 2014.
  12. ↑ Luscombe. The Bauchi Light. www.britishempire.co.uk. Retrieved on 2023-05-15.
  13. ↑ History | Ahmadu Bello University. www.abu.edu.ng. Retrieved on 2023-01-04.
  14. ↑ Biography: The life and times of Umaru Musa Yar' Adua (en-US). Plus TV Africa (2020-05-05). Retrieved on 2023-01-04.
  15. ↑ About Us. Nigerian College of Aviation Technology. Archived from the original on 6 April 2010. Retrieved on 27 March 2010.
  16. ↑ National Research Institute for Chemical Technology (NARICT, Nigerian Institute of Transport Technology (NITT), National Research Institute for Chemical Technology): About Us. Archived from the original on 24 July 2011. Retrieved on 27 June 2010.
  17. ↑ vanguard (2017-10-07). Photos: Nigerian Army recruits in training at Depot in Zaria (en-GB). Vanguard News. Retrieved on 2023-01-04.
  18. ↑ About Us – Federal College Of Education, Zaria (en-GB). Archived from the original on 2023-01-04. Retrieved on 2023-01-04.
  19. ↑ Mohd (2022-08-20). After 101 years, new challenges stare Barewa College in the face (en-GB). Daily Trust. Retrieved on 2023-01-04.
  20. ↑ Hotels.ng. Ahmadu Bello University | Hotels.ng. Hotels.ng. Retrieved on 2016-11-05.
  21. ↑ Nimyel (2019-09-11). "Determination of selected air quality parameters in Zaria and its environs, Kaduna State, Nigeria" (in en). Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management 23 (8): 1505–1510. DOI:10.4314/jasem.v23i8.14. ISSN 2659-1502. 
  22. ↑ 22.0 22.1 22.2 22.3 Koko (January 2020). "Monitoring and Predicting Spatio-Temporal Land Use/Land Cover Changes in Zaria City, Nigeria, through an Integrated Cellular Automata and Markov Chain Model (CA-Markov)" (in en). Sustainability 12 (24): 10452. DOI:10.3390/su122410452. 
  23. ↑ 23.0 23.1 23.2 Nigeria - Zaria Water Supply Expansion and Sanitation Project. projectsportal.afdb.org. Retrieved on 2021-08-06.
  24. ↑ AfDB-Assisted Zaria Water Supply, Expansion and Sanitation Project Launched - Nigeria (en). ReliefWeb. Retrieved on 2021-08-06.
  25. ↑ 25.0 25.1 Bungane (2020-08-21). AfDB bans four companies for fraud in Zaria Water Supply Expansion (en-ZA). ESI-Africa.com. Retrieved on 2021-08-06.
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