Wikipedia

Inji Aflatoun

onye Ijipt na-ese ihe (1924-1989)
Inji Aflatoun
mmádu
ụdịekerenwanyị Dezie
mba o sịEgypt Dezie
aha enyereInji Dezie
ụbọchị ọmụmụ ya16 Eprel 1924 Dezie
Ebe ọmụmụShobra Dezie
Ụbọchị ọnwụ ya17 Eprel 1989 Dezie
Ebe ọ nwụrụCairo Dezie
ŃnàHassan Chaker Efflatoun Dezie
nwanneGulpérie Efflatoun Abdalla Dezie
Asụsụ obodoFrench language Dezie
asụsụ ọ na-asụ, na-ede ma ọ bụ were na-ebinye akaArabic, French language Dezie
ọrụ ọ na-arụonye ese, women's rights activist, activist Dezie
ụdị ọrụ yaart of painting, political activism Dezie
ebe agụmakwụkwọCairo University Dezie
affiliationArt et Liberté Dezie
onye otu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchịEgyptian Communist Party Dezie
Ijesurrealism Dezie
onye nlereranyaKamel el-Telmissany, David Alfaro Siqueiros, Margo Veillon Dezie
kọwara na URLhttps://www.nytimes.com/2021/04/29/obituaries/inji-efflatoun-overlooked.html, https://artiana.com/Artist/Inji-Efflatoun, https://www.mideastart.com/blog/quarantinefiles/injiefflatoun, https://groundimpressions.home.blog/2020/04/15/inji-efflatoun-the-great-egyptian-painter-activist-and-feminist-1924-1989/ Dezie
Nwere ọrụ na mkpokọtaNational Museum in Warsaw Dezie
ikike nwebiisinka dị ka onye okikeỌrụ nwebiisinka chekwara Dezie
nnọchiaha nkeonweL484 Dezie

  Inji Aflatoun (16 Eprel 1924 - 17 Eprel 1989) bụ onye Ijipt na-ese ihe na onye na-achọ ikike mmadụ n'òtù ụmụ nwanyị.[1] Ọ bụ "onye isi na-ekwuchitere ndị Marxist-progressive-nationalist-feminist movement na ngwụcha afọ 1940 na 1950", yana "onye ọsụ ụzọ nke nka Ijipt nke oge a" na "otu n'ime ndị na-ese ihe nkiri dị mkpa nke Ijipt".[2][3][4]

Onye na-eme ngagharị iwe

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A mụrụ Aflatoun na Cairo na 1924 n'ime ezinụlọ ọdịnala ndị Alakụba ọ kọwara dị ka "semi-feudal na bourgeois", nna ya bụ onye na-ahụ maka ụmụ ahụhụ na onye nwe ala, nne ya bụ onye France na-azụ ejiji nke jere ozi na kọmitii ụmụ nwanyị nke Egyptian Red Crescent Society.[5][6][7][8] Ọ chọpụtara Marxism na Lycée Français du Caire .[7] Ọ bụ onye nkuzi nka nke onwe ya, Kamel el-Telmissany, bụ onye mere ka ọ mata ndụ na ọgụ nke ndị ọrụ ugbo Ijipt.[6][9] Al-Timisani bụ otu n'ime ndị guzobere 'Art and Freedom Group', otu ihe na-eme ihe n'eziokwu nke ga-enwe mmetụta na mmepe Aflatoun dị ka onye na-ese ihe.[10] N'afọ 1942, ọ sonyeere Iskra, otu ndị ntorobịa Kọmunist.[8] Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Mahadum Fuad I dị na Cairo, ya na Latifa al-Zayyat, bụ onye guzobere Rabitat Fatayat na jami'a wa al ma' ahid (League of University and Institutes' Young Women) na 1945.[7] N'otu afọ ahụ, ọ nọchitere anya Njikọ ahụ na nnọkọ mbụ nke Women's International Democratic Federation na Paris.[7] O dere Thamanun milyun imraa ma'ana (Eighty Million Women with Us) na 1948 na Nahnu al-nisa al-misriyyat (We Egyptian Women) na 1949.[11] Akwụkwọ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ndị a na-ewu ewu jikọtara mmegbu nke ndị otu na ndị nwoke na ndị nwanyị, na-ejikọta ha abụọ na mmegbu nke alaeze ukwu.[5][7] N'afọ 1949, ọ ghọrọ onye guzobere Nzukọ Mbụ nke Kansụl Udo Mbụ nke Ijipt.[5] Ọ sonyeere Harakat ansar al salam (Movement of the Friends of Peace) n'afọ 1950.[8] E jidere ya ma tụọ ya mkpọrọ na nzuzo n'oge Nasser na-achịkọta ndị Kọmunist na 1959.[6][12] Mgbe a tọhapụrụ ya na 1963, ebe ọ bụ na e wepụrụ òtù ndị Kọmunist nke Ijipt, o tinyere nnukwu oge ya n'ise ihe.[6][8] O mechara kwuo, sị: "Nasser, ọ bụ ezie na o tinyere m n'ụlọ mkpọrọ, bụ ezigbo onye hụrụ mba n'anya".[6]

Ihe osise

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N'oge ọ nọ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ, Aflatoun nwere mmasị ise ihe ma ndị mụrụ ya gbara ya ume.[6] Onye nkuzi nka nke onwe ya, Kamel el-Telmissany, onye ndú n'otu ndị Egypt Surrealist a na-akpọ Art and Freedom Group, mere ka ọ mata ihe mara mma nke surrealist na cubist.[13][6] Ihe osise ya nke oge ahụ nwere mmetụta nke surrealism.[5] O mechara cheta na ihe osise ya juru ndị mmadụ anya nke mere ka ha na-eche "ihe mere nwa agbọghọ si n'ezinụlọ bara ọgaranya ji taa ahụhụ nke ukwuu".[6] Ọ kwụsịrị ise ihe site na 1946 ruo 1948, na-atụle na ihe ọ na-ese anaghịzi adaba na mmetụta ya.[5] E mechara mee ka mmasị ya dị ọhụrụ mgbe ọ gachara Luxor, Nubia, na oases ndị Ijipt.[5] N'oge njem ndị a, o nwere ohere "ịgafe n'ụlọ ma see ụmụ nwoke na ụmụ nwanyị n'ọrụ".[5] Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ otu afọ ya na onye na-ese ihe na Switzerland a mụrụ n'Ijipt bụ Margo Veillon N'oge a, o mere ihe ngosi onwe ya na Cairo na Alexandria ma gosipụta ya na Venice Biennale na 1952 na São Paulo Art Biennial na 1956.[8][14][5] N'afọ 1956, ya na onye na-ese ihe na Mexico bụ David Alfaro Siqueiros ghọrọ enyi ma mesịa nwee mmetụta.[5] O nwere ike ịga n'ihu na-ese ihe n'oge ọ nọ n'ụlọ mkpọrọ. Ihe osise mbụ ya n'ụlọ mkpọrọ bụ ihe osise, ebe ndị ọzọ bụ ala mara mma.[5] N'ime afọ ndị a tọhapụrụ ya, o gosipụtara na Rome na Paris na 1967, Dresden, East Berlin, Warsaw na Moscow na 1970, Sofia na 1974, Prague na 1975, New Delhi na 1979.[6] Ihe osise ya jupụtara na "brushstrokes nke ụcha dị egwu" na-echetara ụfọdụ ndị na-ekiri Van Gogh[3] ma ọ bụ Bonnard.[15] Ihe osise ya nke afọ ndị sochirinụ bụ nke a na-ejikarị nnukwu oghere ọcha gburugburu ụdị ya eme ihe.[6] A na-egosipụta nchịkọta nke ọrụ ya na Amir Taz Palace na Cairo.[4][13] A na-egosi nchịkọta ọzọ nke ọrụ ya na Barjeel Art Foundation na Sharjah.[16]

Ihe Ncheta

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A Google Doodle na 16 Eprel 2019 mere ncheta ọmụmụ Aflatoun nke afọ 95 .[17]

Hụkwa

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  • Aflatoon

Ebensidee

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  1. ↑ Radwan. Inji Efflatoun. Mathaf Encyclopedia. Mathaf: Arab Museum of Modern Art. Retrieved on 12 June 2017.
  2. ↑ Daly (1998). The Cambridge history of Egypt. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-47211-1. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Mattar (2004). Encyclopedia of the Modern Middle East & North Africa: D-K. Macmillan Reference USA. ISBN 978-0-02-865771-4. 
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 "Permanent art exhibition of activist Inji Aflatoun opens at Amir Taz Palace", Ahram Online, 16 August 2011.
  5. ↑ 5.00 5.01 5.02 5.03 5.04 5.05 5.06 5.07 5.08 5.09 LaDuke (1992). "Inji Efflatoun: Art, Feminism, and Politics in Egypt". Art Education 45 (2): 33–41. DOI:10.2307/3193323. ISSN 0004-3125. 
  6. ↑ 6.00 6.01 6.02 6.03 6.04 6.05 6.06 6.07 6.08 6.09 LaDuke (1989). "Egyptian Painter Inji Efflatoun: The Merging of Art, Feminism, and Politics". National Women's Studies Association Journal 1 (3): 474–493. ISSN 1040-0656. 
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 Smith (2000). Global feminisms since 1945. Psychology Press. ISBN 978-0-415-18491-5. 
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 Goldschmidt (2000). Biographical dictionary of modern Egypt. Lynne Rienner Publishers. ISBN 978-1-55587-229-8. 
  9. ↑ Zuhur (1998). Images of enchantment: visual and performing arts of the Middle East. American University in Cairo Press. ISBN 978-977-424-467-4. 
  10. ↑ Egyptian Surrealism (en-US). Broomberg & Chanarin. Retrieved on 2019-08-15.
  11. ↑ translated in: Badran (2004). Opening the gates: an anthology of Arab feminist writing. Indiana University Press. ISBN 978-0-253-34441-0. 
  12. ↑ Nelson (1996). Doria Shafik, Egyptian feminist: a woman apart. American University in Cairo Press. ISBN 978-977-424-413-1. 
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 Stuhe-Romerein. "Egypt's Museums: Amir Taz Palace relates story of artist and activist Inji Aflatoun", Almasry Alyoum, 24 August 2011. Retrieved on 24 August 2011.
  14. ↑ Ryan. "Obituary:Margo Veillon (1907–2003)", Al-Ahram Weekly, 11 June 2003.
  15. ↑ (1969) Images. Dav-al-hilal. 
  16. ↑ Inji Efflatoun (en-US). Barjeel Art Foundation. Retrieved on 2019-08-15.
  17. ↑ Inji Aflatoun's 95th Birthday. Google (16 April 2019).

Njikọ mpụga

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