Ọrụ ugbo na-akwado obodo
Ọrụ ugbo na-akwado obodo (Ihe nlereanya CSA) ma ọ bụ ịkekọrịta ihe ọkụkụ bụ usoro nke n'ejikọ ndị n'emepụta ihe na ndị n'azụ ahịa n'ime Usoro nri dị nso site n'ikwe ka onye n'azụ ya debanye aha na owuwe ihe ubi nke otu ugbo ma ọ bụ otu ugbo. Ọ bụ ihe nlereanya ọzọ nke ọrụ ugbo na nkesa nri nke n'enye onye n'emepụta ihe na onye n'azụ ahịa ohere ịkekọrịta ihe ize ndụ nke ọrụ ugbo.[1] Ihe nlereanya ahụ bụ obere ngalaba nke Ọrụ ugbo obodo nke nwere nnukwu ebum n'uche nke iwusi mmetụta nke obodo ike site na ahịa mpaghara.[2]
Enwere ike iwere ọrụ ugbo n'akwado obodo dị ka omume nke Commoning.[3] Ọ bụ ihe atụ nke nchịkwa obodo nke mmepụta na nkesa nke ngwa ahịa na ọrụ. Nhazi nke inye nri site na ịmekọrịta n'akwado usoro nri dị larịị nke inye nri n'aga n'ihu na nhazi nke nkesa na nri.[3] Dị ka ihe nlereanya ebe ndị ọrụ ahịa anaghị emekọrịta ihe naanị dị ka ndị n'asọmpi kama dị ka "ndị otu obodo n'arụkọ ọrụ ọnụ n'ịchụso ọrụ ọnụ maka obodo" [3] a makwaara ya ma kwado ya site na iwu ọha na eze na mba ụfọdụ. A maara usoro mmekọrịta dị otú ahụ n'etiti nchịkwa ọha na eze na ngalaba n'arụkọ ọrụ ọnụ dị ka Public-Commons-Partnerships (PCP) [4] [5] ma guzobe ya n'ihe gbasara nri.[6] Dị ka omume ihe atụ nke n'eme ka nri ghara ịdị mma ma "n'eme ka echiche nke obodo dị ka isi iyi nke ụgwọ ọrụ na ohere nke nnwere onwe sie ike" [3] CSA anabatala dị ka ihe dị mkpa na mgbanwe n'adịgide adịgide na usoro nri ugbo. [7][8]
Iji kwụọ ụgwọ maka ịdenye aha na owuwe ihe ubi, ndị debanyere aha na-enweta ma ọ bụ igbe kwa izu ma ọ bụ nke kwa izu nke ihe ọkụkụ ma ọ bụ ihe ugbo ndị ọzọ. Nke a n'agụnye mkpụrụ osisi, akwụkwọ nri, ma nwee ike ịgbasa na ngwa ahịa a mịrị amị, àkwá, mmiri ara ehi, anụ, wdg. Dị ka ọ n'adịkarị, ndị ọrụ ugbo n'anwa ịzụlite mmekọrịta ha na ndị debanyere aha site na izipu akwụkwọ ozi kwa izu nke ihe n'eme n'ugbo ahụ, n'akpọ ha maka owuwe ihe ubi, ma ọ bụ n'eme ihe omume ugbo. Ụfọdụ CSAs n'enye onyinye nke ọrụ kama akụkụ nke ụgwọ ndenye aha.[9]
A n'ejikarị CSA eme ihe na United States, Canada na UK mana a n'eji ọtụtụ mmepụta na usoro akụ na ụba dị iche iche eme ihe n'ụwa niile na mba Austria na Germany dị ka Solidarische Landwirtschaft (n'ụzọ nkịtị 'ọrụ ugbo ịdị n'otu', nke a n'eme ka ọ bụrụ Solawi).
- ↑ Galt (2013-10-01). "The Moral Economy Is a Double-edged Sword: Explaining Farmers' Earnings and Self-exploitation in Community-Supported Agriculture" (in en). Economic Geography 89 (4): 341–365. DOI:10.1111/ecge.12015. ISSN 1944-8287.
- ↑ Obach (2014-06-01). "Civic agriculture and community engagement" (in en). Agriculture and Human Values 31 (2): 307–322. DOI:10.1007/s10460-013-9477-z. ISSN 0889-048X.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 Jose Luis (2018). "24 FOOD AS COMMONS Towards a new relationship between the public, the civic and the private", Routledge Handbook Of Food As A Commons: Expanding Approaches., 1, Routledge. ISBN 9781315161495.
- ↑ Leitheiser (May 2022). "Toward the commoning of governance" (in en). Environment and Planning C: Politics and Space 40 (3): 744–762. DOI:10.1177/23996544211033992. ISSN 2399-6544.
- ↑ Russell (2022-05-27). "Strategies for a new municipalism: Public–common partnerships against the new enclosures" (in en). Urban Studies 60 (11): 2133–2157. DOI:10.1177/00420980221094700. ISSN 0042-0980.
- ↑ Bottiglieri (2016-05-01). "Toward the Turin Food Policy. Good practices and vision".
- ↑ Bui (December 2016). "Sustainability transitions: Insights on processes of niche-regime interaction and regime reconfiguration in agri-food systems" (in en). Journal of Rural Studies 48: 92–103. DOI:10.1016/j.jrurstud.2016.10.003.
- ↑ Rossi (2017-01-19). "Beyond Food Provisioning: The Transformative Potential of Grassroots Innovation around Food" (in en). Agriculture 7 (1): 6. DOI:10.3390/agriculture7010006. ISSN 2077-0472.
- ↑ DeMuth (September 1993). Defining Community Supported Agriculture. United States Department of Agriculture. Archived from the original on February 24, 2015. Retrieved on 28 February 2015.