Softwood

Softwood bụ osisi sitere na osisi gymnosperm dị ka conifers. Okwu a na-emegide osisi siri ike, nke bụ osisi sitere na osisi angiosperm. Isi ihe dị iche n'etiti osisi siri ike na osisi dị nro bụ na ọdịdị osisi siri ike enweghị ọwa resin, ebe osisi dị n'ime enweghị oghere (ọ bụ ezie na ọ bụghị osisi niile dị nro nwere ọwa resine).

Ihe ndị e ji mara ya

Ihe oyiyi SEM na-egosi ọnụnọ nke oghere na osisi siri ike (oak, n'elu) na enweghị na osisi dị nro (pine, ala)

Softwood bụ osisi sitere na osisi gymnosperm dị ka pine na spruces. Osisi ndị dị nro anaghị adị nro karịa osisi siri ike.^[1] Osisi siri ike siri ike siri ike karịa osisi softwood ọ bụla,[nyocha chọrọ] mana n'ime otu abụọ ahụ enwere nnukwu mgbanwe dị iche iche na oke osisi siri ike nke otu abụọ ahụ na-agbakọta. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, osisi balsa, nke bụ osisi siri ike, dị nro karịa ọtụtụ osisi ndị dị nro, ebe osisi pine Longleaf, Douglas fir, na yew softwoods siri ike karịa ọtụtụ osisi siri ike

Ndị na-ewu ụlọ na-ejikarị osisi ndị dị nro eme ihe ma na-ejikwa ha emepụta akwụkwọ, na ngwaahịa kaadị.^[2] N'ọtụtụ n'ime ngwa ndị a, enwere mkpa mgbe niile maka njikwa njupụta na ọkpụrụkpụ na ihe mmetụta gamma-ray egosila ezigbo arụmọrụ na nke a.^[3]

Ụdị ụfọdụ nke osisi ndị dị nro na-eguzogide mwakpo ụmụ ahụhụ site na woodworm, dịka ụfọdụ ụmụ ahụhụ na-ahọrọ osisi siri ike.

Ihe atụ nke osisi softwood na ojiji

Douglas fir - ọrụ ịkwa osisi, ọnụ ụzọ na ihe owuwu dị arọ
Eastern white pine - oche
European spruce - eji eme ihe n'oge niile a na-ewu ya, na-etinye ya na mkpuchi ya
Larch - mkpuchi na ụgbọ mmiri
Lodgepole pine - elu ụlọ, ala na ime chipboard na particle board^[4]
Osisi pine nke Monterey
Parana pine - steepụ na osisi
Scots pine - ụlọ ọrụ na-ewu ụlọ, ọkachasị maka ọrụ ime ụlọ
Nnụnụ Sitka -^[5]
Southern yellow pine - joinery, ala na oche
Western hemlock - ọnụ ụzọ, osisi na oche
Western red cedar (ma ọ bụ red cedar) - oche, mkpuchi, mkpuchi ụlọ, na ụlọ elu
Yew - oche dị n'ime na n'èzí dịka oche, ogwe ọnụ ụzọ ámá na ntụgharị osisi

Ngwa

Softwood bụ isi iyi nke ihe dịka 80% nke mmepụta osisi n'ụwa, ebe ebe mmepụta ọdịnala bụ mpaghara Baltic (gụnyere Scandinavia na Russia), North America na China. A na-ejikarị osisi Softwood eme ihe dị ka osisi arụrụ arụ, yana imecha osisi.

Hụkwa

Ndepụta osisi
United States - Canada softwood esemokwu
Osisi siri ike
Ule ike Janka
Ọnụ ọgụgụ Brinell

Edensibia

↑ Buckley (2005). A basic guide to softwoods and hardwoods. worldhardwoods.com. Archived from the original on 19 August 2019. Retrieved on 1 October 2017.
↑ Ryan (2012). REVISION CARDS - SOFTWOODS. technologystudent.com. Retrieved on 1 October 2017.
↑ Beigzadeh (2019). "Design, modelling and construction of a continuous nuclear gauge for measuring the fluid levels". Measurement 138: 157–161. DOI:10.1016/j.measurement.2019.02.017.
↑ Things we make from softwood trees. forestry.gov.uk (11 July 2017). Archived from the original on 2 October 2017. Retrieved on 1 October 2017.
↑ Harding (1988). British Softwoods:Properties and Uses. forestry.gov.uk. Archived from the original on 2 October 2017. Retrieved on 1 October 2017.

[Buckley-1] Buckley (2005). A basic guide to softwoods and hardwoods. worldhardwoods.com. Archived from the original on 19 August 2019. Retrieved on 1 October 2017.

[Ryan-2] Ryan (2012). REVISION CARDS - SOFTWOODS. technologystudent.com. Retrieved on 1 October 2017.

[3] Beigzadeh (2019). "Design, modelling and construction of a continuous nuclear gauge for measuring the fluid levels". Measurement 138: 157–161. DOI:10.1016/j.measurement.2019.02.017.

[4] Things we make from softwood trees. forestry.gov.uk (11 July 2017). Archived from the original on 2 October 2017. Retrieved on 1 October 2017.

[5] Harding (1988). British Softwoods:Properties and Uses. forestry.gov.uk. Archived from the original on 2 October 2017. Retrieved on 1 October 2017.

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