Saad Eddin Ibrahim
Saad Eddin Ibrahim (Arabic: سعد الدين إبراهيم, ) (31 Disemba 1938 - 29 Septemba 2023) bụ ọkà mmụta mmekọrịta ọha na eze na onye edemede. Ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị na-ahụ maka ikike mmadụ na ndị na-akwado ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya na Egypt na onye nkatọ siri ike nke onye isi ala Egypt mbụ Hosni Mubarak.
Akụkọ ndụ
dezieAmụrụ na Bedeen, Mansoura, Egypt, a na-akwado Ibrahim ka ọ na-arụ ọrụ na-eduga na mweghachi nke ndị otu obodo gbadoro ụkwụ na nyocha nke Egypt. Maka ọtụtụ n'ime ọrụ ọkachamara ya, Ibrahim bụ onye prọfesọ na Mahadum America dị na Cairo (AUC) Department of Sociology, ebe ọ kụziiri nkà mmụta mmekọrịta ọha na eze na Indiana's DePauw University site na 1967 ruo 1974. Ọ bụ ọkachamara nleta nleta na UCLA na Los Angeles n'oge opupu ihe ubi. nke 1979, na ezumike site na AUC ka ọ bụrụ odeakwụkwọ ukwu nke Arab Thought Forum, onye isi oche Crown Prince Hassan nke Jordan site na 1984 ruo 1989. O hiwere ma Ibn Khaldun Center for Development Studies na Cairo na Arab Organisation for Human Rights. Ọ lụrụ Barbara Ibrahim, onye nduzi nke Gerhart Center for Civic Engagement and Philanthropy na Cairo; ha nwere ụmụ abụọ, Randa na Amir Ibrahim, na ụmụ ụmụ anọ, Lara na Seif (site na Randa) na Adam na Gebriel (site na Amir).
Ogologo oge tupu ya na gọọmentị Ijipt na-ese okwu na mbido afọ 2000, Ibrahim aghọwo onye na-ese egwu na Ijipt. Ọ gbanwere nkatọ mbụ ya banyere Anwar Sadat maka atụmatụ udo ya na Israel. Ọ nwetara nkwanye ùgwù nke ikike mmadụ na obodo obodo Ijipt maka ịkwado ihe dị iche iche, gụnyere Ndị Copt, Ndị Bahá'í. na ndị ọzọ pere mpe n'oge esemokwu nke ịrọ òtù na-arịwanye elu.
E jidere Ibrahim, tụọ ya mkpọrọ ma kpụpụ ya n'afọ 2000 maka iji ego European Union maka Nlekọta ntuli aka, na maka ebubo na ọ na-emebi onyinyo Ijipt na mba ofesi. A mara ya ikpe ịga mkpọrọ afọ asaa. Ndị na-agbachitere ya zaghachiri na ezi ebumnuche gọọmentị kpụpụrụ Ibrahim na ndị na-enyere ya aka bụ nkatọ o ji obi ọjọọ katọọ Onye isi ala Hosni Mubarak na ọchịchị ya. E kpere ya ikpe ugboro abụọ n'otu ebubo ahụ n'Ụlọikpe Nchebe Steeti, na-emeri oge ọ bụla na mkpegharị ikpe. N'oge ikpe nke atọ n'ihu ụlọ ikpe obodo kachasị elu na 2003, e wepụrụ ya ebubo niile ma tọhapụ ya, mana ọ bụghị tupu oké ifufe nke mkpesa mba ụwa etinye ọchịchị Mubarak na nchebe.Mkpebi Ụlọikpe Kasị Elu dị peeji 35 n'ogologo ma mee ka ọgụgụ dị mkpa. O kwuru na dị ka onye ọgụgụ isi ọha na eze, e chebere ihe odide Ibrahim na ọrụ obodo ndị ọzọ. O kpebikwara na ngalaba gọọmentị Ijipt agafeela ókèala ya n'ịkụ ikpe ahụ ugboro ugboro. Dị ka onye nwere ọgụgụ isi n'onwe ya, Ibrahim akwadowo ntuli aka ziri ezi mgbe a na-ele ha anya dị ka ndị na-ekwekọghị na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Ijipt, na-akwalite njikọ aka ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya nke mba ụwa, ma na-anabata ego NGO site na isi iyi ọ bụla nwere ụkpụrụ udo na nke ọchịchị onye kwuo ike, gụnyere ndị nọ na US. A wakporo ya na ụlọ ọrụ mgbasa ozi gọọmentị maka ịkpọ oku na US Congress ka ha mee ka enyemaka agha ha nye Ijipt dị mma na ndekọ ikike mmadụ nke mba ahụ na ntọhapụ nke ndị mkpọrọ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị.
N'afọ 2006, e nyere Ibrahim ihe nrite Ion Ratiu Democracy Lecture Prize na Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, ebe ọ bụbu onye ọkà mmụta iwu ọha na eze. O ritere ihe karịrị 20 ọzọ mba ụwa na mpaghara maka ọrụ agụmakwụkwọ ya na nke ikike mmadụ.
N'afọ 2007, Ibrahim ji aka ya gbaga mba ọzọ mgbe ọ nụrụ banyere iwe ọhụrụ Mubarak nwere maka ịhazi nzukọ mpaghara na Arab Democracy na Qatar, na maka ikwu okwu dị mkpirikpi banyere Ijipt na Onye isi ala George Bush mgbe ha abụọ kwuru okwu na nzukọ nke ndị agha nnwere onwe ụwa nke Vaclav Havel haziri na Prague. Ọ biri ma kụzie na mba ọzọ site na 2007 ruo mgbe Mubarak wepụrụ n'ọchịchị na Febụwarị 2011. N'ebe a chụgara ya, a kpọrọ Ibrahim ka ọ kụzie ọmụmụ ihe gụsịrị akwụkwọ maka ọnwa abụọ na Mahadum Ọdịbendị nke Istanbul, mgbe ahụ na 2008-2009 ọ bụ prọfesọ nleta na Indiana Law School na mgbe ahụ ọ bụ onye ọkà mmụta nleta na Mahadụ Harvard, Center for Middle East Studies .[1] Mahadum Drew nabatara ya dị ka onye nkuzi Wallerstien na Center on Religion, Culture and Conflict site na 2009 ruo 2011. [2]
Mgbe ọ bi na mba ọzọ, ọ lara ezumike nká site na afọ 34 na ngalaba Sociology na Mahadum America dị na Cairo ma mee ya Prọfesọ Emeritus. Ọ gara n'ihu na-ede kọlụm kwa izu maka akwụkwọ akụkọ El Masry el Youm na ịme nzukọ ọmụmụ ihe kwa izu na Cairo na Ibn Khaldun Center for Development Studies (IKDS).
Okwu ikpe
dezieN'ụbọchị nke abụọ n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ n'afọ 2008, ụlọ ikpe Ijipt mara Ibrahim ikpe ịga mkpọrọ afọ abụọ maka 'ịkwutọrọ Ijipt'. E nyere ya mgbapụta nke £ E10,000 (US $ 1,890) na onye ọka iwu ya kwupụtara ọchịchọ ya ime mkpesa. A kọrọ na ọ bi n'ebe a chụgara ya n'èzí Ijipt, iji zere ijide ya mgbe ọ lọtara.[3]
Ndị isi obodo dị nso na Ibrahim kọrọ na e tinyere ikpe ikpe 17 ọzọ megide ya na 2008 ya mere ọ ga-eche ụfọdụ njide ihu ma ọ bụrụ na ọ laghachi Ijipt. Na Wednesday, 5 August 2010, Ibrahim [1] laghachiri Cairo maka nleta ya na ezinụlọ ya. A hapụrụ ya ka ọ banye ma pụọ, ebe ọtụtụ n'ime ikpe ikpe ụgha megide ya ka a chụpụrụ n'ụlọ ikpe. Ọ laghachiri na Cairo na 12 Febụwarị 2011, n'ime awa ole na ole Mubarak hapụrụ ọrụ na ime emume mkpụrụ dị mkpirikpi nke mgbanwe nke Jenụwarị 25. [4]
Hụkwa
dezie
- Asmaa Mahfouz
- Kefaya
- Ayman Nour - onye ndú mmegide Ijipt, onye guzobere Tomorrow PartyNzukọ echi
- Nnupụisi na-enweghị ihe ike
- Mgbanwe Ọchịchị Ijipt nke 2011
- Eprel 6 Òtù Ndị Ntorobịa
Ihe odide
dezieNjikọ mpụga
dezie- ↑ "Newspaper Profiles Former Prof. Saad Ibrahim, Among World's "Most Prominent Human Rights Activists" - DePauw University", DePauw University. Retrieved on 14 March 2018. (in en)
- ↑ About the Center | Center on Religion, Culture & Conflict | Drew University (en-US). Archived from the original on 28 July 2012. Retrieved on 14 March 2018.
- ↑ Exiled Egyptian activist sentenced. Al Jazeera English (2 August 2008). Retrieved on 2 August 2008.
- ↑ "Morsi's bloodless coup spikes the army's guns", The National. Retrieved on 14 March 2018. (in en)