Nchebe nri na India

nchekwa nri na India

aspect in a geographic region
obere ụdị nke	nri nchebe
mba/obodo	Ndia

Nchekwa nri abụrụla ihe na-ewutekarị na India . Na 2022, Global Food Security Index depụtara India na 68th n'ime mba 113 bụ isi n'ihe gbasara nchekwa nri. ^[1] Na 2023, Global Hunger Index họọrọ India na 111th n'ime mba 125. ^[2] Dị ka United Nations si kwuo, e nwere ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ nde mmadụ 195 na-erijughị afọ na India bụ ndị mejupụtara otu ụzọ n'ụzọ anọ nke ndị na-erijughị afọ n'ụwa. Na mgbakwunye, ihe dị ka 43% nke ụmụaka nọ n'India anaghị eri nri na-adịghị ala ala. ^[3] Ọ bụ ezie na ụkpụrụ oriri na-edozi ahụ ugbu a na-ezute 100% nke ihe oriri kwa ụbọchị, India dị anya n'azụ n'ihe gbasara protein dị mma na 20%; Enwere ike ibelata adịghị ike a site n'ime ka ngwaahịa nri nwere protein dị ka soybeans, lentil, anụ, àkwá, mmiri ara ehi, wdg. dị mfe ịnweta ma dị ọnụ ala maka ụmụ amaala India. ^[4] Initiative Measurement Measurement Initiative ^[5] chọpụtara na India na-arụ ọrụ naanị 56.8% nke ikike ya dabere na ikike akụ na ụba ya iji hụ na ụmụ amaala ya nwere nchekwa nri zuru oke. ^[6]

Iwu

Iji hụ na ikike ụmụ amaala nwere ikike ịnweta nri dị ọnụ ala, nzuko omeiwu nke India webatara iwu nchekwa nchekwa nri mba na 2013. A makwaara dị ka Iwu ikike nri, iwu a na-achọ ịnye ọka nri akwadoro ihe dị ka ụzọ abụọ n'ụzọ atọ nke ndị bi na India ijeri 1.33. ^[7] A bịanyere aka na ya na iwu na 10 Septemba 2013, retroactive ruo 5 Julaị 2013. ^[8] ^[9]

Atụmatụ gọọmentị

Central Initiatives

E hiwere ụlọ ọrụ nri nke India (FCI) na 1965 maka ebumnuche ịzụ ahịa, nchekwa na nkesa ọka nri. Ọ na-ekere òkè dị ukwuu na nchekwa nri nke India. ^[10]
Iwu Nchekwa nri nke mba, 2013 (NFSA 2013) na-atụgharị ka ọ bụrụ ikike iwu maka mmemme nchekwa nri nke gọọmentị India dị ugbu a. Ọ gụnyekwara atụmatụ nri ehihie, atụmatụ ọrụ mmepe ụmụaka jikọtara ọnụ, yana Sistemụ Nkesa Ọha . N'afọ 2017–18, ekenyela ihe karịrị ijeri Rs 1500 (7.6% nke mkpokọta mmefu gọọmentị) iji nye enyemaka nri n'okpuru Sistemụ Nkesa Ọha Ezubere (TPDS). ^[11]
NFSA 2013 na-amatakwa ikike ịmụ nwa. Ụmụ nwanyị dị ime, ndị nne na-enye nwa ara, na ụfọdụ ụdị ụmụaka tozuru oke iri nri n'efu kwa ụbọchị. ^[12]

Mbulite steeti

Karnataka ewepụtala 'Indira Canteen', nke na-enye nri ụtụtụ, nri ehihie, na nri abalị na ọnụ ahịa dị ala. Siddaramaiah mebere echiche a dị ka CM ka ọ ghara onye ọ bụla na steeti agụụ agụụ na onye ọ bụla ga-enweta nri dị mma. ^[13]
Andhra Pradesh akwadola Nalabothu Foundation, nke na-enye ndị nọ na mkpa nri n'efu site na ikesa ngafe nri sitere na ụlọ, ụlọ oriri na ọ restaurantụ ,ụ, azụmahịa, ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ, na nnọkọ. Prime Minista Modi webatara atụmatụ a n'uche obodo. ^[14]
Tamil Nadu ewepụtala 'Amma Unavagam' (ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ nne), ma ọ bụ nke a na-akpọkarị Amma canteen. Enwere ike ị nweta usoro ọmụmụ nke mmemme a na atụmatụ nke ụlọ ọrụ nyocha ọrụ ugbo nke Nimbkar tụpụtara na 2012 ma na-aga n'ihu na akụkụ ya na atụmatụ nri etiti ụbọchị . ^[15]

Ihe ịma aka maka India

Enweghị ohere ịnweta nri dị ọnụ ala yana ahụike zuru ebe niile n'India. N'ihe karịrị 60% nke ndị India dabere na ọrụ ugbo maka ibi ndụ ha, ngalaba ọrụ ugbo dị oke mkpa maka ma akụ na ụba India na ọkwa nchekwa nri n'ofe mba ahụ. Agbanyeghị, ngalaba ọrụ ugbo nke India na-eche ọtụtụ ihe ịma aka na-eto eto ihu, gụnyere nrụpụta ọrụ ugbo dị ala n'ihi mgbanwe ihu igwe na mbelata ala ubi dị n'otu akụkụ n'ihi ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị India na-abawanye ngwa ngwa karịa uto akụ na ụba nke na-emebi akụ ndị sitere n'okike nke India na nnweta ala. ^[16] India na-emepụta osikapa ruru nde 100 kwa afọ. Ọ bụ ezie na enwere ike ịnwe nri ga-ezuru ndị bi na India dum, ọtụtụ ezinụlọ na karịsịa ụmụaka nọ n'India enweghị ike inweta nri n'ihi nsogbu ego. Ya mere, nke a bụ ihe na-akpata ọtụtụ nde ụmụaka na-eri nri na gburugburu India. Ihe omuma omenala na India na-enye ha ohere inwe ezigbo nri na-edozi ahu na nri kwesiri ekwesi. Ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ndị India niile na-enwe osikapa opekata mpe otu ugboro n'ụbọchị nke na-enye ha ohere ịnweta carbohydrates na sistemụ ha. Ebe ọ bụ na a na-amakarị India maka imepụta na ibuga osikapa na mba ndị ọzọ, osikapa ga-abụ ọkachamma ụdị ndụ ha. ^[17]

Ngwọta teknụzụ

India nwere ike iji ụzọ ụfọdụ iji kwalite nnweta na ego nke ngwaahịa nri bara ụba protein site na iji teknụzụ enyi na gburugburu ebe obibi kachasị ọhụrụ na-enweghị mkpa ala na mmiri ọzọ. ^[18] A pụkwara iji biogas ma ọ bụ gas ma ọ bụ methane emepụtara site na ugbo/agro / ihe ọkụkụ / ihe mkpofu ụlọ na mgbakwunye na gas eke a na-egwupụta maka imepụta ehi nwere protein / azụ / anụ ọkụkọ / anụ ụlọ n'ụzọ akụ na ụba site n'ịzụlite omenala nje bacteria Methylococcus capsulatus n'ụzọ na-enweghị isi. nso mpaghara ime obodo/eri nri nwere obere ala na akwụkwọ mmiri. ^[19] ^[20]

Hụkwa

Ụnwụ Bengal nke 1943
Green mgbanwe
Mgbanwe ọcha
Sistemụ Nkesa Ọha
Iwu nchekwa nri obodo, 2013
Atụmatụ ọdịmma na India
Antyodaya Anna Yojana

Edensibia

↑ "Global Food Security Index (GFSI)", The Economist, 7 February 2023. (in en)
↑ "India slips in Global Hunger Index, ranks 107 out of 121 nations", Al Jazeera. (in en)
↑ "Nutrition and Food Security - UN India", UN India. Retrieved on 5 January 2018. (in en-US)
↑ India: Global Food Security Index. Archived from the original on 12 July 2012. Retrieved on 11 January 2019.
↑ Human Rights Measurement Initiative – The first global initiative to track the human rights performance of countries. humanrightsmeasurement.org. Retrieved on 2022-02-24.
↑ India - HRMI Rights Tracker (en). rightstracker.org. Retrieved on 2022-02-24.
↑ National Food Security Act. PRS Legislative Research. Archived from the original on 27 January 2018. Retrieved on 5 January 2018.
↑ Press Information Bureau. Retrieved on 5 January 2018.
↑ Food Security Act To Be Implemented From June 5. BTVI.in. Retrieved on 5 January 2018.
↑ Archive copy. Archived from the original on 2024-01-10. Retrieved on 2024-04-01.
↑ Expenditure Budget, Union Budget 2017-18. Archived from the original on 6 January 2018. Retrieved on 5 January 2018.
↑ The Gazette of India. The National Food Security Act, 2013.
↑ Indira Canteen, Karnataka. Archived from the original on 2020-12-08.
↑ Nalabothu foundation.
↑ How Village Restaurants Could Change The Lives Of The Rural Poor
↑ USDA ERS - India Continues to Grapple with Food Insecurity. www.ers.usda.gov. Archived from the original on 2023-09-07. Retrieved on 2023-09-07.
↑ Swaminathan (2013). "Food production & availability - Essential prerequisites for sustainable food security". The Indian Journal of Medical Research 138 (3): 383–391. PMID 24135188.
↑ Food made from natural gas will soon feed farm animals – and us. Retrieved on 31 January 2018.
↑ BioProtein Production. Archived from the original on 10 May 2017. Retrieved on 31 January 2018.
↑ New venture selects Cargill's Tennessee site to produce Calysta FeedKind® Protein - Calysta. calysta.com. Archived from the original on 2016-12-20.

Ọgụgụ ọzọ

Ramaswamy, S. (2017). Nchekwa nri na India. India: Ndị mbipụta MJP.

Njikọ mpụga

https://ncert.nic.in/textbook/pdf/iess204.pdf
Ụlọ ọrụ nri nke India - https://fci.gov.in/
Antyodaya Anna Yojana- https://dfpd.gov.in/pds-aay.htm
Ọrụ mmepe ụmụaka jikọtara ọnụ, India niile- https://icds-wcd.nic.in
Ọrụ mmepe ụmụaka agbakwunyere, Tamil Nadu- https://web.archive.org/web/20210609124550/https://icds.tn.nic.in/
Ụlọ akwụkwọ sayensị mmepe, Maharashtra- http://mahascience.org/

[1] "Global Food Security Index (GFSI)", The Economist, 7 February 2023. (in en)

[2] "India slips in Global Hunger Index, ranks 107 out of 121 nations", Al Jazeera. (in en)

[3] "Nutrition and Food Security - UN India", UN India. Retrieved on 5 January 2018. (in en-US)

[4] India: Global Food Security Index. Archived from the original on 12 July 2012. Retrieved on 11 January 2019.

[5] Human Rights Measurement Initiative – The first global initiative to track the human rights performance of countries. humanrightsmeasurement.org. Retrieved on 2022-02-24.

[6] India - HRMI Rights Tracker (en). rightstracker.org. Retrieved on 2022-02-24.

[7] National Food Security Act. PRS Legislative Research. Archived from the original on 27 January 2018. Retrieved on 5 January 2018.

[8] Press Information Bureau. Retrieved on 5 January 2018.

[9] Food Security Act To Be Implemented From June 5. BTVI.in. Retrieved on 5 January 2018.

[10] Archive copy. Archived from the original on 2024-01-10. Retrieved on 2024-04-01.

[11] Expenditure Budget, Union Budget 2017-18. Archived from the original on 6 January 2018. Retrieved on 5 January 2018.

[12] The Gazette of India. The National Food Security Act, 2013.

[13] Indira Canteen, Karnataka. Archived from the original on 2020-12-08.

[14] Nalabothu foundation.

[15] How Village Restaurants Could Change The Lives Of The Rural Poor

[16] USDA ERS - India Continues to Grapple with Food Insecurity. www.ers.usda.gov. Archived from the original on 2023-09-07. Retrieved on 2023-09-07.

[17] Swaminathan (2013). "Food production & availability - Essential prerequisites for sustainable food security". The Indian Journal of Medical Research 138 (3): 383–391. PMID 24135188.

[18] Food made from natural gas will soon feed farm animals – and us. Retrieved on 31 January 2018.

[19] BioProtein Production. Archived from the original on 10 May 2017. Retrieved on 31 January 2018.

[20] New venture selects Cargill's Tennessee site to produce Calysta FeedKind® Protein - Calysta. calysta.com. Archived from the original on 2016-12-20.

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