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Infant oral mutilation

Infant oral mutilation
Akụkụ nketraditional African medicine Dezie

Ogbugbu ọnụ nwa ọhụrụ (IOM) bụ usoro ezé ọdịnala dị ize ndụ ma na-egbu egbu mgbe ụfọdụ nke a na-eme n'ọtụtụ mpaghara ebe n'Africa.[1]

Nkọwa

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Dịka osi adị, nne ma ọ bụ nna nwere ike ịkpọrọ nwatakịrị na-arịa ọrịa kpoje yá n'aka onye na-agwọ ọrịa ọdịnala, onye ga-ele anya n'ọnụ nwa ahụ ma kwuo na ọrịa ahụ sitere na "nkpuru ezé". Onye na-agwọ ọrịa ga-egosi obere, na-acha ọcha, na-etolite ezé dị ka "nkpuru ezé", wee gwuo "nkpuru" site na nsí n'enweghị anesthesia mpaghara ma jiri ngwá ọrụ na-adịghị ọcha (nke a na-abụkarị ịnyịnya ígwè na-ekwu okwu).[2] Ezé canine na-abụkarị ndị a na-egosi, ebe ọ bụ na ha bụ ndị a ma ama. A na-egosizi nne ma ọ bụ nna ezé ndị ahụ, obere ọdịdị ha, nke mmiri ara ehi yiri ikpuru.[3]

Ọjọọ

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Ụdi Omume a na eweta áhù ufu na afufu na ahụ nwatakiri nwèrè ike idago ọrịa (ma ọ bụ ezé) nwee ihe mgbu na nhụjuanya, n'ọnọdụ ụfọdụ, a na-eme ya na nwatakịrị dị mma iji gbochie ọrịa. Usoro ndị a na-adịghị ọcha nwere ike ibute ọrịa ọbara, tetanus, na-ebute nje HIV / AIDS, ma nwee ike ịnwụ n'oge ma ọ bụ mgbe usoro ahụ gasịrị.[4] Enwere ike imebi ma ọ bụ kpochapụ ezé na-adịgide adịgide, na-akpata nsogbu ezé na-adịgide adịgide.[5] Na mgbakwunye, ọrịa dị ugbu a nwere ike ọ gaghị enweta nlekọta ahụike dị mkpa.

Mpaghara mpaghara

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E bipụtara ihe akaebe nke IOM na-eme na Chad, DRCongo, Ethiopia, Kenya, Rwanda, Somalia, Sudan, Tanzania[6] na Uganda.[7][8][9][10][11][12][4] A hụwokwa ya na ndị mbịarambịa Africa bi ugbu a na France, Israel, USA, Australia, Norway, New Zealand[13] na UK.[7][14][15][16][17][11][18] Nnyocha akwụkwọ nke akwụkwọ ndị e bipụtara n'elu na ntụaka zuru ezu dị n'ịntanetị.[19]

Edensibia

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  1. ↑ Wordley (2003). "Infant oral mutilation". Developing Dentistry 3 (2): 19–20. Retrieved on 2011-05-06. 
  2. ↑ Ellis (2005). "Complications from traditional tooth extraction in South-western Uganda". Tropical Doctor 35 (4): 245–246. DOI:10.1258/004947505774938701. PMID 16354490. 
  3. ↑ Abusinna (1979). "Lugbara teeth germectomy of canines for the newborn babies. A magico-religious phenomena in some African tribes". Egyptian Dental Journal 25 (3): 209–214. PMID 299152. 
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Iriso (2000). "'Killer' canines: The morbidity and mortality of ebino in northern Uganda". Tropical Medicine and International Health 5 (10): 706–710. DOI:10.1046/j.1365-3156.2000.00625.x. PMID 11044265. 
  5. ↑ Welbury (1993). ""Killer" canine removal and its sequelae in Addis Ababa". Quintessence International 24 (5): 323–327. PMID 8362046. 
  6. ↑ Matee (1991). "Extraction of 'nylon' teeth and associated abnormalities in Tanzanian children". African Dental Journal 5: 21–25. PMID 1819291. 
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 Khonsari (2009). "Orthodontic Consequences of Ritual Dental Mutilations in Northern Tchad". Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 67 (4): 902–905. DOI:10.1016/j.joms.2008.06.098. PMID 19304055. 
  8. ↑ Children’s teeth and their care. Document produced by NCTPE (National Committee of Traditional Practices of Ethiopia 1997
  9. ↑ Hassanali (1995). "Removal of deciduous canine tooth buds in Kenyan rural Maasai". East African Medical Journal 72 (4): 207–209. PMID 7621751. 
  10. ↑ Benzian (2003). "World Dental Development Fund Rwanda Project Visit Report". Developing Dentistry 3 (2): 21–3. Retrieved on 2011-05-06. 
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 Rodd (2000). "'Ilko dacowo:' canine enucleation and dental sequelae in Somali children". International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry 10 (4): 290–297. DOI:10.1046/j.1365-263x.2000.00213.x. PMID 11310242. 
  12. ↑ A/wahab (1987). "Traditional practice as a cause of infant morbidity and mortality in Juba area (Sudan)". Annals of Tropical Paediatrics 7 (1): 18–21. DOI:10.1080/02724936.1987.11748467. PMID 2438998. 
  13. ↑ De Beavis (2011). "Infant oral mutilation: A New Zealand case series". The New Zealand Dental Journal 107 (2): 57–59. PMID 21721338. 
  14. ↑ Holan (1994). "Extraction of primary canine tooth buds: Prevalence and associated dental abnormalities in a group of Ethiopian Jewish children". International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry 4 (1): 25–30. DOI:10.1111/j.1365-263x.1994.tb00097.x. PMID 7748844. 
  15. ↑ Graham (2000). "Dental injuries due to African traditional therapies for diarrhea". The Western Journal of Medicine 173 (2): 135–137. DOI:10.1136/ewjm.173.2.135. PMID 10924443. 
  16. ↑ Amailuk (2008). "Erupted compound odontoma: Case report of a 15-year-old Sudanese boy with a history of traditional dental mutilation". BDJ 204 (1): 11–14. DOI:10.1038/bdj.2007.1184. PMID 18192989. 
  17. ↑ Espelid (2009). "Removal of dental facilities in African folk medicine. (Translation from Norwegian)". Nor Dental Tid 119: 294–297. 
  18. ↑ Dewhurst (2001). "Traditional tooth bud gouging in a Ugandan family: A report involving three sisters". International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry 11 (4): 292–297. DOI:10.1046/j.1365-263x.2001.00279.x. PMID 11570446. 
  19. ↑ www.dentaid.org (22 June 2011). Archived from the original on 22 June 2011.

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