Iji ala eme ihe

Iji ala eme ihe dị ka akụkụ nke iji ihe onwunwe mmadụ eme ihe bụ ntụgharị nke ala nwere ala dị mma na ebe obibi na-enweghị nsogbu n'ime mpaghara maka ọrụ ugbo, okporo ụzọ (iwu ụzọ) na ọkachasị ebe obibi mmadụ n'obodo ukwu. N'ụzọ doro anya karịa, EEA^[1] achọpụtala ọrụ atọ na-eri ala:

Mgbasawanye nke ebe e wuru ewu nke enwere ike ịlele ozugbo;
oke ala nke ọrụ ugbo, ọrụ ọhịa ma ọ bụ ọrụ akụ na ụba ndị ọzọ na-emebi emebi; na
mmebi nke ala nke a na-eji maka ọrụ ugbo na ọhịa.

N'akụkụ ndị ahụ niile, iji ala eme ihe dị nnọọ ka iji ala eme ihe na mpaghara mepere emepe.

Ebe ọ bụ na ọrụ ntụgharị ndị a kpọtụrụ aha n'elu bụ ihe a na-apụghị ịgbanwe agbanwe, a na-ejikwa okwu ahụ bụ ala furu efu. Site na 1990 ruo 2000, a na-eri ókè ala di 1.4m hekta (3.5×^6 acres) nke oghere mepere emepe na US. Na Germany, a na-ere ala na ọnụego nke ihe karịrị hekta iri asaa (170 acres) kwa ụbọchị (~ puku hekta narị abụọ na ịrị ise (620,000 ) kwa afọ 10).^[2]^[3] Na European Union, a na-eme atụmatụ na ala a na-ewe ihe dị ka otu nde hekta na narị abụọ na mba EU ịrị abụọ na otu n'ime oge 1990 na 2006.^[4] Mfu ala nwekwara ike ime n'ihi ihe okike, dị ka erosion ma ọ bụ ọzara - n'agbanyeghị nke ahụ, enwere ike ịchọpụta ọtụtụ n'ime ndị ahụ n'ọrụ mmadụ. Nkọwa ọzọ dịtụ iche nke okwu ahụ bụ ịkwaga ma ọ bụ nnweta iwu nke ụmụ amaala ma ọ bụ ndị bi na ala mbụ ha n'ihi ịnapụ ala, wdg. Ọzọkwa, n'ọtụtụ ọnọdụ, nke a ga-abụ n'ihi ihe ndị metụtara akụ na ụba dị ka ịchọ itinye ego bara uru na ịzụ ahịa nke ihe onwunwe okike.

Mbelata mfu ala zuru ụwa ọnụ, nke na-aga n'ihu n'ụzọ dị egwu, dị mkpa ebe ọ bụ na akara ala, mpaghara chọrọ ma n'ime ụlọ ma na mba ofesi iji mepụta ngwaahịa na ọrụ ndị mba ma ọ bụ mpaghara na-eri, nwere ike ibu karịa ala a na-eji eme ihe ma ọ bụ ọbụna dị na mba ahụ n'onwe ya.^[3]^[5]

Ọ bụ ezie na ọnụ ahịa ala arịgoola elu n'ime afọ ole na ole mbụ nke narị afọ nke iri abụọ na otu, akụ na ụba na-eji ala eme ihe ka enweghị ndekọ ego zuru oke maka gburugburu ebe obibi iji gbakwunye ego ogologo oge nke mmebi gburugburu ebe obibi.

Nsonaazụ nke iji ala eme ihe

Mmetụta ndị dị mkpa nke ntụgharị ala maka uto akụ na ụba bụ:

Mmebi ala
Mfu ebe obibi Ebe ndị e wuru ewu na-akwado naanị ụdị ndị na-eme nke ọma
Mmebi ala Ọnwụ ma ọ bụ mmetọ nke ala dị n'elu site na ihe mkpofu mmepeanya na mmetọ n'ozuzu
Mkpokọta ala Ụlọ, ígwè ọrụ dị arọ na okporo ụzọ ụgbọ ala na-ejikọta ala ruo n'ókè nke na a na-ewepụ ndụ ala macrobiotic
Ebe ndị a na-anaghị abanye mmiri Asphalt na simenti na-eme ka ala ghara ịdị na ikuku ma na-emebi mmiri sitere n'okike na okirikiri biogeochemical

Hụkwa

Mgbanwe ala na Wörrstadt, Germany

Edensibia

↑ The concept of environmental space. European Environment Agency EEA (1997).
↑ Robert I. McDonald, Richard T. T. Forman, and Peter Kareiva (2010-03-03). "Open Space Loss and Land Inequality in United States' Cities, 1990–2000". PLOS ONE 5 (3: e9509): e9509. DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0009509. PMID 20209082.
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 "Limit land consumption worldwide!" The Soil Atlas 2015 has been released (2015). “About 60 per cent of the land used to meet European demand is located outside the EU. This makes Europe the continent that is most dependent on land beyond its borders to sustain its lifestyle, its agricultural industry and its hunger for energy.” Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid <ref> tag; name "soilatlas2015" defined multiple times with different content
↑ Gardi (2015-05-04). "Land take and food security: assessment of land take on the agricultural production in Europe". Journal of Environmental Planning and Management 58 (5): 898–912. DOI:10.1080/09640568.2014.899490. ISSN 0964-0568.
↑ The true cost of consumption - The EU's land footprint. FOE Europe (2016). “The European Union uses more than its fair share of global land. In 2010, the amount of land used to satisfy our consumption, solely of agricultural goods and services, amounted to 269 million hectares – that’s 43% more agricultural land than is available within the EU itself and an area almost the size of France and Italy used outside of our borders.”

[1] The concept of environmental space. European Environment Agency EEA (1997).

[mcdonald-2] Robert I. McDonald, Richard T. T. Forman, and Peter Kareiva (2010-03-03). "Open Space Loss and Land Inequality in United States' Cities, 1990–2000". PLOS ONE 5 (3: e9509): e9509. DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0009509. PMID 20209082.

[soilatlas2015-3] 3.0 ^3.1 "Limit land consumption worldwide!" The Soil Atlas 2015 has been released (2015). “About 60 per cent of the land used to meet European demand is located outside the EU. This makes Europe the continent that is most dependent on land beyond its borders to sustain its lifestyle, its agricultural industry and its hunger for energy.” Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid <ref> tag; name "soilatlas2015" defined multiple times with different content

[4] Gardi (2015-05-04). "Land take and food security: assessment of land take on the agricultural production in Europe". Journal of Environmental Planning and Management 58 (5): 898–912. DOI:10.1080/09640568.2014.899490. ISSN 0964-0568.

[5] The true cost of consumption - The EU's land footprint. FOE Europe (2016). “The European Union uses more than its fair share of global land. In 2010, the amount of land used to satisfy our consumption, solely of agricultural goods and services, amounted to 269 million hectares – that’s 43% more agricultural land than is available within the EU itself and an area almost the size of France and Italy used outside of our borders.”

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