Ihi ụra na metabolism
Ihi ụra dị mkpa n'ịchịkwa metabolism. Enwere ike ịkewa ụra ụmụ anụmanụ n'ime usoro abụọ dị iche iche - REM (mkpali anya ngwa ngwa) na ụra na-abụghị REM (NREM). N'ime ụmụ mmadụ na nwamba, ụra NREM nwere ọkwa ngwaahịa ndị mmadụ n'ihe ndị mere n'oge ochie anọ, ebe a na-ewere ọkwa nke atọ na nke anọ dị ka ụra na-adịghị ngwa ngwa (SWS). A na-ewere SWS na ụdị nke ụra site na ụdị nke dị n'ala ahụ n'ebe nile dị ka ụra miri emi, mgbe metabolism anaghị arụ ọrụ nke ọma.[1]
Metabolism na-agụnye usoro abụọ nke biochemical nke na-eme na ihe ndi mádu ziri na ụdị nke ụra site n'ime ụmụ ndị ogbi ozi ọma ahụ ọ bụla n'ime dị ndụ. Nke mbụ bụ anabolism, nke na-ezo aka n'ịchịkọta molekụl. Nke abụọ bụ catabolism, mmebi nke molecules. Usoro abụọ a na-arụ ọrụ iji chịkwaa ike ahụ na-eji eme onwe ya. N'oge ụra na-abụghị REM, a na-ebelata ọnụego metabolic na okpomọkụ ụbụrụ iji dozie mmebi nke nwere ike ime n'oge ịmụrụ anya.[1]
Nchịkọta nke metabolism
dezieMgbe o risịrị ndị na ụdị nke ụwa họrọ site n'ime ụmụ nri, pancreas na-ewepụta insulin. Insulin na-eme ka mkpụrụ ndụ muscle na abụba na-amị glucose site na nri. N'ihi ya, ogo glucose n'ọbara na-alaghachi n'ọnọdụ dị mma.[2]
Enweghị ụra na ụdị ọrịa shuga nke abụọ
dezieInsulin na-eguzogide metabolism
dezieỌdịdị nke insulin anaghị egosi na mkpụrụ ndụ abụba na-amị glucose. Mgbe ọkwa glucose dị elu, pancreas na-emeghachi na ímé nwanne anyị nwanyị ndị mere n'oge ochie nakwa ike omume site na ịhapụ insulin. Mgbe ahụ, shuga ọbara ga-ada ngwa ngwa. Nke a nwere ike ịga n'ihu na ụdị ọrịa shuga nke abụọ.[2]
Enweghị ụra nwere ike imetụta ọrụ metabolic nke ichekwa carbohydrates na ịchịkwa homonụ. Mbelata ụra site na awa asatọ ruo awa anọ na-emepụta mgbanwe na glucose tolerance na ọrụ endocrine. Ndị na-eme nchọpụta si na Mahadum nke Chicago Medical Center sooro ụmụ okorobịa 11 nwere ahụike maka abalị 16 n'usoro. N'abalị atọ mbụ, ụmụ okorobịa ahụ na-ehi ụra maka awa asatọ nkịtị. N'abalị isii sochirinụ, ha na-ehi ụra ruo awa anọ. N'abalị asaa sochirinụ, ha nọrọ awa iri na abụọ n'àkwà. Ha niile nwere otu nri. Ha chọpụtara na enwere mgbanwe na metabolism glucose nke yiri nke ndị ọrịa shuga nke ụdị 2. Mgbe a nwalere ndị sonyere mgbe ha nwesịrị ike ihi ụra, ha were 40% karịa ka ọ dị iji chịkwaa shuga dị n'ọbara mgbe ha risịrị nri carbohydrate. Mgbapụta nke insulin na mmeghachi omume ahụ na insulin na-ebelata site na 30%. Enweghị ụra na-agbanwekwa mmepụta nke homonụ, na-ebelata mmepụta nke thyroid stimulating hormone na ịbawanye ogo ọbara nke cortisol.[3]
E gosikwara na mgbe a na-egbochi ụra na-adịghị ngwa ngwa maka abalị atọ, ndị na-eto eto nwere ahụike dị ala na 25% insulin.[4] Ha chọrọ insulin ka ha nwekwuo iji wepụ otu glucose ahụ. Ọ bụrụ na ahụ anaghị ewepụta insulin karịa iji kwụọ ụgwọ, ọkwa glucose n'ọbara ga-abawanye. Nke a yiri nkwarụ glucose, nke nwere ike ịkpata ụdị ọrịa shuga nke 2.[3][5]
Enweghị ụra na ịchịkwa agụụ
dezieIhi ụra na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa n'ịchịkwa metabolism na agụụ. Mgbe a na-enweghị ụra, usoro metabolic ga-abụ nke na-adịghị mma, nke ga-emetụta nhọrọ nri ndị mmadụ na-eme. Ndị nọ n'afọ iri na ụma na-enweghị ụra na-achọkarị carbohydrates. Enweghị ụra bụ ihe ize ndụ maka oke ibu n'etiti ndị okenye na-eto eto. [nkwupụta ahụike dị mkpa][6]
E nwere homonụ abụọ, leptin na ghrelin, nke dị mkpa na njikwa agụụ. Leptin, nke abụba na-ewepụta, bụ hormone nke na-egbochi agụụ ma na-eme ka ike na-emefu. Ghrelin, nke a na-ewepụta n'afọ, bụ hormone nke na-eme ka agụụ na-eri ma na-ebelata mmefu ike. Enweghị ụra nwere ike ịkpata mbelata 19% na ọkwa leptin. A napụrụ ndị ahụ ụra maka abalị abụọ (awa anọ kwa abalị) ma nweta ụgwọ maka ụra maka abalị 2 sochirinụ (awa iri kwa abalị). Ọnọdụ leptin jiri pasent iri na asatọ belata ma jiri pasentị iri abụọ na asatọ belatara. E nwere mmụba n'ogo agụụ site na 23 nke nwere ike ịbụ n'ihi mbelata nke ọkwa leptin. Ndị a na-enyo enyo na-ahọrọ nri nwere carbohydrate dị elu (sweets, nri nnu na nri starchy). Ọchịchọ maka nri nnu ji pasent 45 rịa elu. Enweghị ụra nwere ike ime ka ndị mmadụ rie nri maka mkpa mmetụta uche / uche karịa mkpa calorie nke ahụ.[1][2]
Enweghị ụra na-adịghị ala ala (ihe na-erughị awa 8 nke ụra) nwere njikọ na mmụba nke body mass index (BMI). N'ime nnyocha ndị na-ehi ụra na Wisconsin nke ndị ọrịa 1024, oge ụra dị mkpirikpi gosipụtara mbelata nke leptin na ọkwa dị elu nke ghrelin. N'ime nnyocha e mere na ndị ọrịa 3000, achọpụtala na ndị ikom na ndị inyom na-ehi ụra n'okpuru awa 5 nwere oke ibu nke ahụ (BMI). N'ime nnyocha ọzọ nke sochiri ihe dị ka ụmụ nwanyị 70.000 ruo afọ 16, e nwere mmụba dị ịrịba ama n'ibu ahụ n'ime ndị na-ehi ụra awa 5 ma ọ bụ obere ma e jiri ya tụnyere ndị na-edina ụra awa 7-8.[1][2][7]
Ka oge ụra na-ebelata site na 1950s ruo 2000s site na ihe dị ka awa 8.5 ruo awa 6.5, e nweela mmụba n'ịba ụba nke oke ibu site na ihe dịka 10% ruo ihe dị ka 23%.[2]
Ntụaka
dezie- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Sharma (2 August 2010). "Sleep and Metabolism: Overview". International Journal of Endocrinology 2010: 1–12. DOI:10.1155/2010/270832. PMID 20811596.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 Walker. "Sleep Deprivation I: Immune Function and Metabolism", October 10, 2011.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Lack of Deep Sleep May Increase Risk of Type 2 Diabetes. Science Daily. Retrieved on November 30, 2011.
- ↑ Morselli (2010). "Role of sleep duration in the regulation of glucose metabolism and appetite". Best Practice & Research. Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 24 (5): 687–702. DOI:10.1016/j.beem.2010.07.005. ISSN 1521-690X. PMID 21112019.
- ↑ Sleep and Metabolism: An Overview.
- ↑ Daytime Sleepiness is associated with an increased craving for carbs among teen. Science Daily. Retrieved on November 30, 2011.
- ↑ Trebekk (2007). "Sleep and metabolic control: waking to a problem?". Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology 34 (1–2): 2–3.