Wikipedia

Ọrịa a na-ebute site n'elu

Vertically transmitted infection bu infection nke pathogenic bacteria maobu viruses na ebute nke na esi na nne fere na NWA mgbe odi ime NWA ahu maobu mgbe omuru ya. O na a puta ihe mgbe nne NWA ahu bu Oria. Erighi ezigbo nri nwere ime ka Oria ndi njo.

Ụdị ọrịa

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Bacteria, nje, na ihe ndị ọzọ dị ndụ nwere ike ịgafe site n'aka nne gaa n'aka nwa. A na-etinye ọtụtụ ọrịa ndị a na-ebute n'elu n'Ihe mgbagwoju anya TORCH: [1]

  1. T - toxoplasmosis sitere na Toxoplasma gondii
  2. O - ọrịa ndị ọzọ (lee n'okpuru)
  3. R - rubella
  4. C - cytomegalovirus
  5. H - herpes simplex virus-2 ma ọ bụ neonatal herpes simplexherpes simplex nwa ọhụrụ
  • Parvovirus B19[2]
  • Nje Coxsackievirus[3]
  • Chickenpox (nke Nje varicella zoster virus kpatara) [4]
  • Chlamydia[5]
  • Nje HIV[6][7]
  • Nje virus T-lymphotropic nke mmadụ[8]
  • Ọrịa Syphilis[9]
  • Ọrịa Zika, nke Nje Zika kpatara, nwere ike ịkpata microcephaly na nkwarụ ụbụrụ ndị ọzọ n'ime nwatakịrị.[10]
  • COVID-19 n'ime ime na-ejikọta ya na ohere dị ukwuu nke ịmụ nwa nwụrụ anwụ na ohere nke ihe dịka 2.[11]

A pụkwara ịkọwa Hepatitis B dị ka ọrịa a na-ebute n'elu. Nje na-efe efe B buru ibu ma ọ naghị agafe placenta. N'ihi ya, ọ pụghị ibute ọrịa n'afọ ọ gwụla ma ọgba aghara n'ihe mgbochi nne na nwa, mana ọgba aghụghọ dị otú ahụ nwere ike ime na ọbara ọgbụgba n'oge ịmụ nwa ma ọ bụ amniocentesis.[12]

A na-ewere mgbagwoju anya TORCH na mbụ dị ka ọnọdụ anọ a kpọtụrụ aha n'elu, [13] na "TO" na-ezo aka na Toxoplasma. A ka na-eji ụdị okwu anọ eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ederede nke oge a, a na-ejikwa mkpụrụedemede "ToRCH" eme ihe mgbe ụfọdụ n'ọnọdụ ndị a. [14][15] E depụtakwara aha ahụ dị ka TORCHES, maka TOxoplasmosis, Rubella, Cytomegalovirus, HErpes simplex, na Syphilis.   [citation needed]

Ford-Jones na Kellner chepụtara mmụba ọzọ nke aha a, CHEAPTORCHES, na 1995: [16]

  • C - chickenpox na shingles
  • H - ịba ọcha n'anya, C[17] (D), E
  • E - enteroviruses
  • A - Ọrịa AIDS (ọrịa HIV)
  • P - parvovirus B19 (na-emepụta hydrops fetalis nke abụọ na aplastic anemia)
  • T - toxoplasmosis
  • O - ndị ọzọ (ìgwè B streptococci, Listeria, Candida, na Ọrịa Lyme)
  • R - rubella
  • C - cytomegalovirus
  • H - herpes simplex
  • E - ihe niile ọzọ a na-ebute site na mmekọahụ (gonorrhea, Ọrịa <i id="mwjg">Chlamydia</i>, Ureaplasma urealyticum, na human papillomavirus)
  • S - Ọrịa Syphilis

Ihe ịrịba ama na mgbaàmà

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Ihe ịrịba ama na mgbaàmà nke ọrịa a na-ebute n'elu na-adabere na pathogen nke ọ bụla. N'ime nne, ọ nwere ike ịkpata ihe ịrịba ama dị ka ọrịa influenza, ma ọ bụ ikekwe enweghị ihe ịrịbaanya ọ bụla. N'ọnọdụ ndị dị otú ahụ, enwere ike ịhụ mmetụta mbụ mgbe a mụrụ ya.   [citation needed]

Mgbaàmà nke ọrịa a na-ebute n'elu nwere ike ịgụnye ahụ ọkụ na mgbaàmà yiri nke ahụ ọkụ. Nwa a mụrụ ọhụrụ na-adịkarị obere maka afọ ime. A petechial rash na akpụkpọ ahụ nwere ike ịdị, na obere ntụpọ na-acha ọbara ọbara ma ọ bụ na-acha odo odo n'ihi ọbara ọgbụgba site na capillaries n'okpuru akpụkpọ ahụ. Imeju na ọkpụkpụ buru ibu (hepatosplenomegaly) bụ ihe a na-ahụkarị, dị ka jaundice. Otú ọ dị, jaundice bụ ihe a na-ahụkarị na ịba ọcha n'anya B n'ihi na usoro ahụ ji alụso ọrịa ọgụ nke nwa ọhụrụ anaghị eme nke ọma iji mee ka mmeghachi omume megide mkpụrụ ndụ imeju, dịka ọ ga-abụkarị ihe kpatara jaundice n'ime nwatakịrị ma ọ bụ okenye. Enweghị ike ịnụ ihe, nsogbu anya, nsogbu uche, autism, na ọnwụ nwere ike ibute ọrịa a na-ebute site na ya.   [citation needed]

Ọnọdụ mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa nke Ọrịa Aicardi-Goutieres nwere ike ịdị n'otu ụzọ ahụ.[18][19]

  1. ↑ (2021) "TORCH Complex". PMID 32809363. Retrieved on 27 August 2021. 
  2. ↑ Parvovirus B19. The Lecturio Medical Concept Library. Retrieved on 27 August 2021.
  3. ↑ Coxsackievirus. The Lecturio Medical Concept Library. Retrieved on 27 August 2021.
  4. ↑ Varicella-Zoster Virus/Chickenpox. The Lecturio Medical Concept Library. Retrieved on 27 August 2021.
  5. ↑ Yu (2009). "Vertical Transmission of Chlamydia trachomatis in Chongqing China". Current Microbiology 58 (4): 315–320. DOI:10.1007/s00284-008-9331-5. ISSN 0343-8651. PMID 19123031. 
  6. ↑ Ugen (June 1992). "Vertical transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Reactivity of maternal sera with glycoprotein 120 and 41 peptides from HIV type 1.". Journal of Clinical Investigation 89 (6): 1923–1930. DOI:10.1172/JCI115798. ISSN 0021-9738. PMID 1601999. 
  7. ↑ Fawzi (2000). "Randomized Trial of Vitamin Supplements in Relation to Vertical Transmission of HIV-1 in Tanzania". Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 23 (3): 246–254. DOI:10.1097/00042560-200003010-00006. ISSN 1525-4135. PMID 10839660. 
  8. ↑ Hisada (2002). "Virus Markers Associated with Vertical Transmission of Human T Lymphotropic Virus Type 1 in Jamaica". Clinical Infectious Diseases 34 (12): 1551–1557. DOI:10.1086/340537. ISSN 1058-4838. PMID 12032888. 
  9. ↑ Lee (1998). "Maternal syphilis and vertical perinatal transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 infection". International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics 63 (3): 247–252. DOI:10.1016/S0020-7292(98)00165-9. ISSN 0020-7292. PMID 9989893. 
  10. ↑ CDC Concludes Zika Causes Microcephaly and Other Birth Defects. CDC Newsroom Releases. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (13 April 2016).
  11. ↑ Wei SQ, Bilodeau-Bertrand M, Liu S, Auger N (2021). "The impact of COVID-19 on pregnancy outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.". CMAJ 193 (16): E540–E548. DOI:10.1503/cmaj.202604. PMID 33741725. 
  12. ↑ Hepatitis B. Emergencies preparedness, response. World Health Organization. Retrieved on 29 April 2016.
  13. ↑ Kinney (December 1988). "Should we expand the TORCH complex? A description of clinical and diagnostic aspects of selected old and new agents". Clinics in Perinatology 15 (4): 727–44. DOI:10.1016/S0095-5108(18)30670-5. ISSN 0095-5108. PMID 2850128. 
  14. ↑ Abdel-Fattah (November 2005). "TORCH test for fetal medicine indications: only CMV is necessary in the United Kingdom". Prenatal Diagnosis 25 (11): 1028–1031. DOI:10.1002/pd.1242. ISSN 0197-3851. PMID 16231309. 
  15. ↑ Li (2006). "A Simple Parallel Analytical Method of Prenatal Screening". Gynecologic and Obstetric Investigation 62 (4): 220–225. DOI:10.1159/000094092. ISSN 1423-002X. PMID 16791006. 
  16. ↑ Ford-Jones (1995). ""Cheap torches": An acronym for congenital and perinatal infections". The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal 14 (7): 638–640. DOI:10.1097/00006454-199507000-00028. PMID 7567307. 
  17. ↑ Tosone (2014). "Vertical hepatitis C virus transmission: Main questions and answers". World Journal of Hepatology 6 (8): 538–548. DOI:10.4254/wjh.v6.i8.538. PMID 25232447. 
  18. ↑ Knoblauch (2003). "Two brothers with findings resembling congenital intrauterine infection-like syndrome (pseudo-TORCH syndrome)". American Journal of Medical Genetics 120A (2): 261–265. DOI:10.1002/ajmg.a.20138. ISSN 0148-7299. PMID 12833411. 
  19. ↑ Vivarelli (March 2001). "Pseudo-TORCH syndrome or Baraitser–Reardon syndrome: diagnostic criteria". Brain and Development 23 (1): 18–23. DOI:10.1016/S0387-7604(00)00188-1. ISSN 0387-7604. PMID 11226724. 
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