Ịgba ọhịa ọkụ na Naijiria

Ire ọhịa ọkụ bụ omume ịgbanye ahịhịa, ma ọ bụ kpachapụrụ anya ma ọ bụ na mberede, na mba Nịjiria .Ọ bụ ihe a^{] na [}emekarị n'oge ọkọchị mgbe ahịhịa na ahịhịa na-akpọnwụ ma na-ere ọkụ. A na-emekarị ịgba ọhịa ọkụ maka ọrụ ugbo, dị ka ikpochapụ ala maka ịkụ ihe, ịchịkwa ụmụ ahụhụ, na ịkwalite ọmụmụ ala. ^[1] A na-eme ya maka ịchụ nta, dịka ụfọdụ ndị dinta na-eji ọkụ chụpụ anụmanụ n'ebe nzuzo ha. Otú ọ dị, ọkụ ohia nwere ọtụtụ mmetụta ọjọọ na gburugburu ebe obibi, ahụike na akụ na ụba. Ọ na-ebute mmetọ ikuku, mmebi ala, mfu nke ụdị ndụ dị iche iche, ikuku ikuku , mmebi akụrụngwa na ihe eji ebi ndụ, yana ịba ụba nke mgbanwe ihu igwe.

Ihe Ndị Na-akpata ya

Ọ bụ ihe dị iche iche kpatara ịgba ọhịa ọkụ na Naịjirịa, gụnyere:

Bush na-agba ọkụ na Ugwuoba na-ewepụta ọrụ ugbo na steeti Enugwu

Omume ugbo : Ụfọdụ ndị ọrụ ugbo na-eji ọkụ na-ekpochapụ ala maka ịkụ ihe, karịsịa na mpaghara savanna na ọhịa . Ha kwenyere na ịkụ ahịhịa ga-eme mfe ịkọ ala, gbuo ata na ụmụ ahụhụ, ma tinye nri na ala. Otú ọ dị, a na-emekarị omume a n'emeghị atụmatụ, njikwa, ma ọ bụ , ma nwee ike ịkpata ọkụ na-achịkwaghị achịkwa nke gbasaa na mpaghara ndị ọzọ. [3] [4]
Ịchụ nta : Ụfọdụ ndị dinta na-eji ọkụ chụpụ anụmanụ n'ebe nzuzo ha, dị ka òké, anụ ufe, na nnụnụ. Ha na-ejikwa ọkụ na-emepụta ụzọ na ebe ị ga-esi banye n'ime ọhịa. Otú ọ dị, omume a nwekwara ike ịkpata ọkụ na-achịkwaghị achịkwa nke na-ebibi ebe obibi na ebe nri nke anụ ọhịa. [4]
Mgbochi ụmụ anụmanụ : Ụfọdụ ndị nwe anụ ụlọ na-eji ọkụ chịkwaa ụmụ ahụhụ na-emetụta anụmanụ ha, dị ka akọrọ, fleas, na ijiji tsetse. Ha na-ejikwa ọkụ kpalite ahịhịa ọhụrụ maka ịta ahịhịa. Agbanyeghị, omume a nwekwara ike ibute ọkụ na-achịkwaghị achịkwa nke na-emebi ahịhịa na ala. [4]
Mgbanye mberede : Ọkụ ụfọdụ na-ebute site na mgbanye na mberede sitere n'ebe dị iche iche, dị ka àmụ̀mà, ọkụ ọkụ sitere n'ụgbọala ma ọ bụ ígwè ọrụ, sịga a tụfuru atụfu, ọkụ ọkụ, ma ọ bụ stovu osi nri. Ọkụ ndị a nwekwara ike gbasaa ngwa ngwa ma kpatakwa nnukwu mmebi. [4]

Mmetụta

Ọhịa na-ere ọkụ na Naijiria nwere ọtụtụ mmetụta ọjọọ na gburugburu ebe obibi, ahụike, na akụnụba, dịka:

Mmetọ ikuku : Ịre ọ hịa ọkụ na-emepụta nnukwu anwụrụ ọkụ, ntụ na ihe ndị na-emetọ ikuku ma na-ebelata Anwụrụ ọkụ nwekwara ike ịnwe ihe ndị na-emerụ ahụ, dị ka carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide, na ogige organic na-agbanwe agbanwe, nke nwere ike imetụta ahụike mmadụ na anụmanụ. Anwụrụ ọkụ nwekwara ike itinye aka na nhazi ozone na smog, nke nwere ike ime ka ọrịa iku ume na ọrịa obi dịkwuo njọ. [3] [4] ^[2]
Nbibi ala : Ịre ọhịa ọkụ na-ebibi ihe ndị na-edozi ahụ na ihe ndị na-edozi ahụ dị n'ime ala, na-eme ka ọ ghara ịmị mkpụrụ ma na-arụpụta ihe. Ọ na-ebelatakwa iru mmiri nke ala ma na-amụba okpomọkụ nke ala, na-eme ka ọ dịkwuo mfe mbuze na nchikota. Ọ na-agbanwekwa pH ala na ọrụ microbial, na-emetụta ogo ala na ahụike.
Ọnwụ nke ụdị ndụ dị iche iche : ọkụ ọkụ na-emebi ebe obibi na ebe nri nke ọtụtụ osisi na anụmanụ, na-ebelata ụdị dị iche iche na ụbara ha. Ọ na-egbukwa ma ọ bụ na-achụpụ ọtụtụ ụdị, ọkachasị ndị dị ụkọ, ndị dị ize ndụ, ma ọ bụ ndị na-efe efe. Ọ na-emetụtakwa ụdị mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa dị iche iche na usoro evolushọn nke ụdị ndị dị ndụ. [4] [3]
Ihe na-esi n'ọkụ griin ha n'ọkụ : ọkụ ọkụ na-ewepụta nnukwu ikuku griin haus, dị ka carbon dioxide, methane, na nitrous oxide, nke na-enye aka na okpomoku zuru ụwa ọnụ na mgbanwe ihu igwe. Igwe ikuku ndị a nwekwara ike imetụta usoro ihu igwe mpaghara na nke zuru ụwa ọnụ, dị ka mmiri ozuzo, okpomọkụ, na ifufe.
Mmebi nke akụrụngwa na ebe obibi : Ire ọhịa ọkụ nwere ike imebi ma ọ bụ mebie akụrụngwa, dịka okporo ụzọ, àkwà mmiri, ụlọ, ahịrị ọkụ, na netwọkụ nkwukọrịta, na-emetụta njem, nkwukọrịta na nnyefe ọrụ. Ọ nwekwara ike imebi ma ọ bụ mebie ihe ndị e ji ebi ndụ, dị ka ihe ọkụkụ, anụ ụlọ, oke nri, na akụrụngwa, na-emetụta nchekwa nri, ego na ọdịmma nke ndị mmadụ. [3] [4] ^[3]
Nkwalite ike na mgbanwe ihu igwe : ọkụ ọkụ na-ebelata nkwụsi ike na ike ime mgbanwe nke gburugburu ebe obibi na obodo iji nagide mmetụta nke mgbanwe ihu igwe, dị ka ụkọ mmiri ozuzo, idei mmiri, okpomọkụ ọkụ, na ọrịa ntiwapụ. Ọ na-ebelatakwa ikike nke gburugburu ebe obibi na obodo nwere ike ibelata mgbanwe ihu igwe, dị ka site n'ịchọ carbon, ịhazi mmiri, na ịnye ọrụ gburugburu ebe obibi . [3] [4]

Iwu na ihe ndị ọzọ

A na-achịkwa Ire ọhịa ọkụ na Naịjiria site na iwu dị iche iche na atumatu, dị ka National Environmental Standards and Regulations Enforcement Agency (NESREA) Act, National Policy on Environment, National Forest Policy, na National Climate Change Policy. Iwu na atumatu ndị a bu maka ebumnobi igbochi, jikwaa, na jikwaa eremụ ọhịa ọkụ na mmetụta ya, yana ịkwalite njikwa ala na nchekwa gburugburu ebe obibi. ^[4] ^[5] ^[6]

Otú ọ dị, mmanye na mmejuputa iwu na atumatu ndị a na-abụkarị ndị na-adịghị ike na ndị na-adịghị arụ ọrụ, n'ihi ihe ịma aka dị iche iche, dị ka enweghị mmata, akụrụngwa, nhazi, na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị. Ọzọkwa, ụfọdụ n'ime iwu na atumatu ndị a emechiela, ha anaghị egosipụtakwa eziokwu dị ugbu a na ihe ịma aka nke ọkụ ọhịa na mgbanwe ihu igwe. [3] [4] ^[7]

Omume ndị ọzọ : Ọ dị mkpa ịkwalite na ịme usoro ndị ọzọ nke nwere ike nweta otu ihe ahụ ma ọ bụ ka mma dị ka ire ọhịa ọkụ na-eme ka ohia, na-emeghị ihe ọjọọ na gburugburu ebe obibi na ahụike. Ụfọdụ n'ime omume ndị a na-agụnye: ikpocha ígwè ọrụ, mulching, composting, ntughari ihe ọkụkụ, intercropping, agroforestry, njikwa pests jikọtara ọnụ, ọkụ na-achịkwa, na ire ọhịa ọkụ. [3] [4]
Ihe mkpali na mmachi : Ọ dị mkpa ịnye ihe mkpali na mmachi iji kwado na ịkụda ụfọdụ omume na omume metụtara ọkụ ọkụ ọhịa. Ụfọdụ n'ime ihe mkpali na mmachi ndị a gụnyere: enyemaka, mbinye ego, onyinye, onyinye, nzere, ntaramahụhụ, nra, ịgba akwụkwọ, na ijide. [3] [4]
Nleba anya na nyocha : Ọ dị mkpa ileba anya na nyochaa mmejuputa na mmetụta nke iwu, atumatu, na omume ndị metụtara ọkụ ọhịa. Enwere ike ime nke a site na ụzọ dị iche iche, dị ka nhụta anya, nyocha ubi, ajụjụ ọnụ, na nzaghachi. Nke a nwekwara ike inye aka ịchọpụta na dozie oghere, ihe ịma aka, na ohere maka nkwalite. [3] [4]

Hụkwa

Edemsibia

↑ WE SHOULD STOP BUSH BURNING BY OUR FARMERS IN NIGERIA – WASCAL. WASCAL – Combating Climate Change. Improving Livelihoods. Retrieved on 3 November 2023.
↑ Ogunjobi (2010). "Impact of biomass burning on aerosol properties over Nigeria". Atmospheric Environment 44 (8): 1073–1081. DOI:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2009.12.013.
↑ Rapid Needs Assessment (RNA): Adamawa Floods, October 2022 - Nigeria (en). reliefweb.int (November 2022). Retrieved on 31 October 2023.
↑ National Policy on Environment. environment.gov.ng. Retrieved on 31 October 2023.
↑ https://www.fao.org/faolex/results/details/fr/c/LEX-FAOC144367/
↑ National Climate Change Policy. environment.gov.ng. Retrieved on 31 October 2023.
↑
Oluwatosin (2011). "Impact of bush burning on soil quality along a toposequence in a derived savanna zone of Nigeria". Journal of Tropical Forest Science 23 (3): 289–297.
Oluwatosin, G. A.; Ogunkunle, A. O. (2011). "Impact of bush burning on soil quality along a toposequence in a derived savanna zone of Nigeria". Journal of Tropical Forest Science. 23 (3): 289–297. Ya mere, ọ dị mkpa maka iwu na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma na nke dị mma na ihe ọzọ maka ire ọhịa ọkụ na-agba ọhịa na Naijiria dịka:
- Ọmụma na mmụta : Ọ dị mkpa ka a mara na ịkụziri ọha mmadụ, karịsịa ndị ọrụ ugbo na ndị na-achụ nta, ihe na-akpata na mmetụta nke ire ọhịa ọkụ yana uru na ụzọ nke usoro ọzọ. Enwere ike ime nke a site na ọwa dị iche iche, dị ka mgbasa ozi, mkpọsa, nkuzi, na ọrụ ndọtị. [3] [4] <ref name="Oluwatosin">Oluwatosin, G. A.; Ogunkunle, A. O. (2011). "Impact of bush burning on soil quality along a toposequence in a derived savanna zone of Nigeria". Journal of Tropical Forest Science. 23 (3): 289–297. [[JSTOR (ihe nchọpụta)23616883.

[WASCAL_–_Combating_Climate_Change._Improving_Livelihoods_c288-1] WE SHOULD STOP BUSH BURNING BY OUR FARMERS IN NIGERIA – WASCAL. WASCAL – Combating Climate Change. Improving Livelihoods. Retrieved on 3 November 2023.

[Ogunjobi-2] Ogunjobi (2010). "Impact of biomass burning on aerosol properties over Nigeria". Atmospheric Environment 44 (8): 1073–1081. DOI:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2009.12.013.

[RNA-3] Rapid Needs Assessment (RNA): Adamawa Floods, October 2022 - Nigeria (en). reliefweb.int (November 2022). Retrieved on 31 October 2023.

[NPE-4] National Policy on Environment. environment.gov.ng. Retrieved on 31 October 2023.

[NFP-5] ttps://www.fao.org/faolex/results/details/fr/c/LEX-FAOC144367/

[NCCP-6] National Climate Change Policy. environment.gov.ng. Retrieved on 31 October 2023.

[Oluwatosin-7] Oluwatosin (2011). "Impact of bush burning on soil quality along a toposequence in a derived savanna zone of Nigeria". Journal of Tropical Forest Science 23 (3): 289–297. Oluwatosin, G. A.; Ogunkunle, A. O. (2011). "Impact of bush burning on soil quality along a toposequence in a derived savanna zone of Nigeria". Journal of Tropical Forest Science. 23 (3): 289–297. Ya mere, ọ dị mkpa maka iwu na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma na nke dị mma na ihe ọzọ maka ire ọhịa ọkụ na-agba ọhịa na Naijiria dịka:
Ọmụma na mmụta : Ọ dị mkpa ka a mara na ịkụziri ọha mmadụ, karịsịa ndị ọrụ ugbo na ndị na-achụ nta, ihe na-akpata na mmetụta nke ire ọhịa ọkụ yana uru na ụzọ nke usoro ọzọ. Enwere ike ime nke a site na ọwa dị iche iche, dị ka mgbasa ozi, mkpọsa, nkuzi, na ọrụ ndọtị. [3] [4] <ref name="Oluwatosin">Oluwatosin, G. A.; Ogunkunle, A. O. (2011). "Impact of bush burning on soil quality along a toposequence in a derived savanna zone of Nigeria". Journal of Tropical Forest Science. 23 (3): 289–297. [[JSTOR (ihe nchọpụta)23616883.

[8] Ọmụma na mmụta : Ọ dị mkpa ka a mara na ịkụziri ọha mmadụ, karịsịa ndị ọrụ ugbo na ndị na-achụ nta, ihe na-akpata na mmetụta nke ire ọhịa ọkụ yana uru na ụzọ nke usoro ọzọ. Enwere ike ime nke a site na ọwa dị iche iche, dị ka mgbasa ozi, mkpọsa, nkuzi, na ọrụ ndọtị. [3] [4] <ref name="Oluwatosin">Oluwatosin, G. A.; Ogunkunle, A. O. (2011). "Impact of bush burning on soil quality along a toposequence in a derived savanna zone of Nigeria". Journal of Tropical Forest Science. 23 (3): 289–297. [[JSTOR (ihe nchọpụta)23616883.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]