Zhensovety

The zhenskie sovety (shortened ka zhensovety) bụ ndị inyom councils guzobere na mpaghara nke Soviet Union mgbe 1958. A kọwara ha dị ka "ụmụ nke Zhenotdel ma na-enwe obere ohere na nnwere onwe karịa ka onye aha ha mere". .^[1]

Ọ bụ ezie na ọ gbasara n'ụzọ iwu mgbe ọdịda nke USSR na 1991, kansụl ndị ahụ nwere mmetụta n'inye nkwado maka women of Russia ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị bloc na Russia.

Mmalite

Nzukọ bụ akụkụ nke nduzi Khrushchev nke Nikita Khrushchev, na ihe atụ a ma ama nke mmegharị ụmụ nwanyị gọọmentị na njedebe nke oge Soviet. Ebumume nke zhensovety bụ ịkwalite ọrụ mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya, echiche Marxist-Leninist na agụmakwụkwọ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị maka ụmụ nwanyị na-arụ ọrụ na USSR, iji gbaa ụmụ nwanyị ume ka ha na-arụsi ọrụ ike na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị (ma ọ bụ, ọ bụrụ na ha bụ ndị nwunye ụlọ, na-etinyekwu aka na ndị ọrụ ma mee ka mmepụta akụ na ụba dịkwuo elu). [2] [3] v^[2]^[3]

Mbelata na mweghachi

zhensovety ahụ kwụsịrị n'okpuru nduzi nke Leonid Brezhnev, ma mee ka ọ dịghachi ndụ n'okpuru iwu Mikhail Gorbachev nke perestroika. Kansụl dị n'ọtụtụ mba Soviet, a na-etinyekwa ha n'okpuru Kọmitii Ụmụ nwanyị Soviet. ^[2] Dị ka A. A. Muzyriia na V. V. Kopeiko si kwuo, e nwere ihe dị ka kansụl 230,000 nwere ihe karịrị nde mmadụ 2.3, ma dịgasị iche iche n'ibu na oke.^[3]

Otú ọ dị, òtù ụmụ nwanyị na-apụta na USSR anabataghị ha, bụ ndị hụrụ mgbe ahụ dị ka akụkụ nke ụlọ ọrụ gọọmentị, na-echekwa nomenklatura (ndị isi) ma ghara ịkwado ụmụ nwanyị n'ụzọ zuru ezu dị ka ndị mgbanwe ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị.^[2] Genia Brownins na-akọwa zhensovety dị ka ihe dị n'elu ala tupu perestroika, ndị isi kansụl na-abụkarị ụmụ nwoke, na ndị otu CPSU.^[3] Otú ọ dị, ha nwere onwe ha karịa ndị ọchịchị dị elu karịa ọtụtụ òtù Soviet.^[1]

Mgbe ọdịda nke USSR na 1991, onye ndú nke SWC (nke e mechara hazie dị ka Women's Union of Russia (WUR)), Alevtina Fedulova, weere ụzọ siri ike ma gbaa ụmụ nwanyị ume itinye aka na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị (nke dara n'oge mgbanwe perestroika na glasnost). N'ọnwa Ọktoba n'afọ 1993, e guzobere otu ndọrọndọrọ ọchịchị Zhenshchiny Rossii (Ndị inyom nke Russia), na-enweta nkwado na ike site na zhensovety.^[2]

Ihe odide

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Engel (1987). "Women in Russia and the Soviet Union". Signs 12 (4). DOI:10.1086/494366. ISSN 0097-9740. Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid <ref> tag; name "Eng" defined multiple times with different content
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 Corigliano (2001). Encyclopedia of Russian Women's Movements. Greenwood Publishing Group, 190–192. ISBN 978-0-313-30438-5. Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid <ref> tag; name "RusWom" defined multiple times with different content
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 Racioppi (1997). Women's Activism in Contemporary Russia (in en). Temple University Press. ISBN 978-1-56639-521-2. Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid <ref> tag; name "RacSee" defined multiple times with different content

[Eng-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Engel (1987). "Women in Russia and the Soviet Union". Signs 12 (4). DOI:10.1086/494366. ISSN 0097-9740. Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid <ref> tag; name "Eng" defined multiple times with different content

[RusWom-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 Corigliano (2001). Encyclopedia of Russian Women's Movements. Greenwood Publishing Group, 190–192. ISBN 978-0-313-30438-5. Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid <ref> tag; name "RusWom" defined multiple times with different content

[RacSee-3] 3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 Racioppi (1997). Women's Activism in Contemporary Russia (in en). Temple University Press. ISBN 978-1-56639-521-2. Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid <ref> tag; name "RacSee" defined multiple times with different content

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