Yasser Arafat

Yasser Arafat (/ˈærəfæt/, US kwa /ˈɑːrəfɑːt/; August 1929 - 11 November 2004) bụ onye ndú ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Palestine. Ọ bụ Onye isi oche nke Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) site na 1969 ruo 2004 na onye isi oche of the Palestinian National Authority (PNA) site na 1994 ruo 2004. N'echiche onye Arab na onye Socialist, Arafat bụ onye guzobere otu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Fatah, nke ọ duziri site na 1959 ruo 2004.

A mụrụ Arafat n'aka ndị nne na nna Palestine na Cairo, Egypt, ebe ọ nọrọ ihe ka ukwuu n'oge ntorobịa ya ma gụọ akwụkwọ na Mahadum nke Eze Fuad I. Mgbe ọ bụ nwa akwụkwọ, ọ nabatara echiche ndị Arab na ndị na-emegide Zionist. N'ịbụ onye na-emegide nguzobe nke steeti Israel na 1948, ọ lụrụ ọgụ n'akụkụ Muslim Brotherhood n'oge agha Arab-Israel na 1948. Mgbe e meriri ndị agha Arab, Arafat laghachiri Cairo ma jee ozi dị ka onye isi oche nke General Union of Palestinian Students site na 1952 ruo 1956.

N'akụkụ ikpeazụ nke afọ 1950, Arafat guzobere Fatah, otu ndị agha nke na-achọ ka e jiri steeti Palestine dochie Israel. Fatah na-arụ ọrụ n'ime ọtụtụ mba Arab, ebe ọ malitere ịwakpo ndị Israel. N'akụkụ ikpeazụ nke afọ 1960, profaịlụ Arafat toro; n'afọ 1967 ọ sonyeere Palestinian Liberation Organization (PLO) ma n'afọ 1969 a họpụtara ya dịka onye isi oche nke Palestinian National Council (PNC). Ọnụnọ na-arịwanye elu nke Fatah na Jọdan kpatara esemokwu agha na gọọmentị Jọdan nke Eze Hussein ma na mbido afọ 1970 ọ kwagara Lebanọn. N'ebe ahụ, Fatah nyeere Lebanese National Movement aka n'oge Agha Obodo Lebanese ma gaa n'ihu na mwakpo ya na Israel, na-eme ka nzukọ ahụ bụrụ isi ihe mwakpo nke Israel n'oge esemokwu South Lebanon nke 1978 na Agha Lebanon nke 1982.

 1983 ruo 1993, Arafat biri na Tunisia, wee malite ịgbanwe ụzọ ya site na esemokwu ihu na ihu na ndị Israel gaa na mkparịta ụka. N'afọ 1988, ọ kwetara na Israel nwere ikike ịdị adị ma chọọ ngwọta mba abụọ maka esemokwu Israel na Palestine. N'afọ 1994, ọ laghachiri Palestine, biri na Gaza City ma kwalite ọchịchị onwe onye maka mpaghara Palestine. O sonyere n'usoro mkparịta ụka ya na gọọmentị Israel iji kwụsị esemokwu dị n'etiti ya na PLO. Ndị a gụnyere Nzukọ Madrid nke 1991, Nkwekọrịta Oslo nke 1993 na Nzukọ Camp David nke 2000. Ihe ịga nke ọma nke mkparịta ụka ahụ na Oslo mere ka e nye Arafat onyinye Nobel Peace Prize, n'akụkụ Praịm Minista Israel Yitzhak Rabin na Shimon Peres, na 1994. N'oge ahụ, nkwado Fatah n'etiti ndị Palestine belatara na uto nke Hamas na ndị ọzọ na-alụ ọgụ. Na ngwụcha afọ 2004, mgbe ndị agha Israel kpọchiri ya n'ime ụlọ Ramallah ya ihe karịrị afọ abụọ, Arafat dara n'ọnọdụ coma ma nwụọ. Ọ bụ ezie na ihe kpatara ọnwụ Arafat ka bụ ihe a na-akọ nkọ, nyocha nke ndị otu Russia na France kpebiri na ọ nweghị ihe ọjọọ metụtara ya.

 bụ onye na-ese okwu. Ndị Palestine na-ele ya anya dị ka onye nwụrụ n'ihi okwukwe ya nke gosipụtara ọchịchọ mba nke ndị ya, ebe ọtụtụ ndị Israel weere ya dị ka onye na-eyi ọha egwu. Ndị na-asọmpi Palestine, gụnyere Ndị Alakụba na ọtụtụ ndị PLO, na-akatọkarị ya dị ka onye nrụrụ aka ma ọ bụ onye na-edo onwe ya n'okpuru ọchịchị Israel.