William Simpson (portrait artist)
William H. Simpson (c.1818 1872) bụ ónyé Africa America na-ese ihe na ónyé na-ahụ màkà ikike ọbọdọ na narị afọ nke iri na itoolu, nke a maara màkà foto ya.[1]
Akwụkwọ
dezieA mụrụ William Simpson c.1818 na Buffalo, New York n'ezinụlọ ndị Africa America.[2] Ọ mụtara ihe na onye na-ese foto na ónyé na'ihe osise nke British Neoclassical, Matthew Henry Wilson (1814-1892).[2][3] N'afọ 1854, Simpson kwagara Boston ébé a maara ya màkà ihe osise ya.[2] A maara ya màkà foto ya nke Jermain Wesley Loguen, ónyé bụbu ohu nke ghọrọ bishọp nke African Methodist Episcopal Church na New York.[2] Ihe ndị ọzọ nke ihe osise ya gụnyere Caroline Loguen, nwunye Jermain Loguen; Charles Sumner, ónyé abolitionist na onye ọchịchị; na John T. Hilton, ónyé abolationist, ónyé édémédé, na ónyé ọchụnta ego.[4]
Mgbè 1866 gasịrị, Simpson laghachiri Buffalo, New York, ma biri n'akụkụ ugwu nke United States na Canada.[5] Ọ ghọrọ ónyé na-ekwu okwu megide ịgba ohu ma sonye na Underground Railroad.[5] Ụdị ihe osise ya na ịma mma ya nwèrè mmetụta nke ihe osise Europe, nke bụ ihe a na-ahụkarị n'oge ahụ màkà ndị na-ese ihe America.[5] Otú ọ dị n'adịghị ka ọtụtụ ndị America na-ese ihe n'oge ya, Simpson dere ndụ ndị isi Africa America mbụ.[5]
A na-etinye ọrụ ya na nchịkọta ihe ngosi ọha na eze gụnyere na Howard University Gallery ot Art, na Frick Collection na ọbá akwụkwọ nka.[2][4]
Hụkwa
dezie- Ndepụta nke ndị na-ese ihe nkiri African-American
Ịgụ ihe ọzọ
dezie- Brown (1874). The Rising Sun, or the Antecedents and Advancement of the Colored Race, The Basic Afro-American Reprint Library. Boston, MA: A. G. Brown, 478–480. ISBN 9780598578051.
Edensibia
dezie- ↑ Irvine (1969). Fine Arts and the Black American, Issue 6 (in en). Indiana University Libraries.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 Simpson, William H. (en). Benezit Dictionary of Artists. Oxford University Press (October 31, 2011). DOI:10.1093/benz/9780199773787.article.b00204445. Retrieved on December 21, 2020. Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid
<ref>
tag; name ":0" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ Brown (1874). The Rising Son: Or, The Antecedents and Advancement of the Colored Race, The Basic Afro-American Reprint Library (in en). Boston, MA: A. G. Brown, 478–480. ISBN 978-0-598-57805-1.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Dickason Cederholm (1973). Afro-American Artists: A Bio-Bibliographical Directory, Boston Public Library, Boston, MA: Trustees of the Boston Public Library, 258. ISBN 978-0-89073-007-2. Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid
<ref>
tag; name ":2" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 Lewis (2003). African American Art and Artists (in en). Berkeley, California: University of California Press, 20–21. ISBN 978-0-520-23935-7.