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Sa'adu Zungur

Sa'adu Zungur (1914 - 28 Jenụwarị 1958) bụ onye Naijiria na-eme mgbanwe, onye na-ede uri, onye ọka iwu na onye na-ahụ mba n'anya nke keere òkè dị mkpa na nnwere onwe Naijiria karịsịa na Northern Nigeria. Sa'adu Zungur Onye ọka iwu Naijiria na-ahụ maka nnwere onwe Naijiria Northern Nigeria A na-ewere ya dịka nna nke 'ndị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị siri ike' na Northern Nigeria.[1] Ihe odide ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Zungur na-akatọ ọchịchị nke Northern Nigeria, ọkachasị usoro emirate, nyere aka ịtọ ntọala maka ụkpụrụ nke mkpebi onwe onye na Nigeria. Mgbalị ya n'akwụkwọ na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị metụtara ọtụtụ ndị isi nke nnwere onwe na Northern Nigeria, ọkachasị Aminu Kano na Isa Wali. Aminu Kano Isa Wali[2][3][4][5]

Sa'adu Zungur

Zungur guzobekwara ọtụtụ òtù ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, gụnyere Zaria Friendly Society na Northern Elements Progressive Association, nke mechara rụọ ọrụ dị mkpa n'ịkpụzi ọnọdụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke mpaghara ahụ ma mesịa metụta nguzobe nke òtù ndọrọ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na òtù ndị ọzọ. Njikọ Ọganihu nke Northern Elements N'oge dị iche iche na ngwụcha afọ 1940 na 1950, ọ na-arụsi ọrụ ike na pati ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ndị ọzọ a ma ama dị ka National Council of Nigeria na Cameroons, Northern People's Congress na Northern Elements Progressive Union. National Council of Nigeria na Cameroons Northern People's Congress Northern Elements Progressive Union[6]

N'agbanyeghị ogologo oge ọ lụrụ ọgụ na nsogbu akpa ume, nke were ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ afọ iri abụọ, Zungur nọgidere na-arụsi ọrụ ike n'ọgụ maka nnwere onwe Naịjirịa na mgbanwe ọha na eze ya. Nraranye ya na onyinye ya mere ka a mara ya dị ka onye ama ama na ọgụ maka ikpe ziri ezi na ọchịchị onwe onye. Ọ nwụrụ na 1958, naanị afọ abụọ tupu Naịjirịa enwee nnwere onwe.[6][7] A na-akpọ Mahadum Sa'adu Zungur (nke bụbu Mahadum Bauchi State, Gadau) aha ya. Mahadum Sa'adu Zungur[8]

Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ

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A mụrụ Zungur na 1914 na Ganjuwa, mpaghara Bauchi (Bauchi steeti nke oge a) na Imam nke Bauchi Muhammadu Bello. Zungur Ganjuwa Bauchi steeti Imam nke Bauchi[4] Ọ tolitere n'ezinụlọ na-ekwusi ike na ozizi okpukpe. Ọ malitere agụmakwụkwọ Alakụba ya mgbe ọ dị obere ma gaa n'ihu na-amụ akụkụ ndị ọzọ dị elu nke Islam, dị ka fiqh (Islamic jurispudence). fiqh[6]

N'agbanyeghị ọzụzụ okpukpe ya, nna ya gbakwara ya ume ka ọ gaa agụmakwụkwọ ọdịda anyanwụ, ihe a na-adịghị ahụkebe na 1920s Northern Nigeria. Ọchịchị ndị ọchịchị na-achị n'ebe ugwu Naịjirịa N'afọ 1920, e debara aha ya na Bauchi Provincial School, n'afọ 1929, ọ gara n'ihu na agụmakwụkwọ ya na Katsina Higher College (nke a maara ugbu a dị ka Barewa College), nke bụ otu n'ime ụlọ akwụkwọ kọleji ndị ọsụ ụzọ na Northern Nigeria. Kọleji Barewa[2][3][6]

Mgbe ọ dị afọ 20, ọ debanyere aha na Yaba Higher College e guzobere ọhụrụ na Lagos dị ka gọọmentị mbụ kwadoro Northerner ka ọ mụọ na mpụga North. Kwaleji Kasị Elu nke Yaba Lagos Ọ ghọkwara onye North mbụ na-amụ ọgwụ. Ụlọ ọgwụ Zungur chọrọ ịmụ Chemistry na Biology na Yaba mana a jụrụ ya. Nke a mere ka ọ kwụsị agụmakwụkwọ ya na kọleji ahụ ma na 1935, e zigara ya na School of Hygiene na Kano (nke bụzi College of Health Science and Technology) dị ka ntaramahụhụ. Kano N'oge ọ nọ na Kano, Zungur zụrụ na mbụ dị ka onye nyocha ahụike klas. Otú ọ dị, n'oge na-adịghị anya mgbe ọ malitere ọzụzụ a, e buliri ya n'ọkwa onye nkuzi n'ime otu ọnwa.[6]  

Ihe odide

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Dị ka ndị ọgbọ ya dị ka Mudi Sipikin, Abubakar Ladan na Aminu Kano, Zungur bụ onye na-ede uri nke jiri nkà edemede ya tinye aka na okwu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị. Mudi Sipikin Abubakar Ladan Aminu Kano Abụ ya, nke edere n'asụsụ Hausa nke Northern Nigeria, jere ozi dị ka ihe na-akpata agụmakwụkwọ na nkatọ. Asụsụ Hausa Ihe odide uri Zungur na-elekwasị anya n'akụkụ dị iche iche nke ọha mmadụ, nchịkwa nke ọchịchị, na ọkachasị ikike nke eze ukwu.[9][10][11]

Otú ọ dị, n'ihi ọdịdị dị nro nke ọdịnaya ya, a machibidoro ọtụtụ n'ime uri ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ya na Northern Nigeria. Ebe Ugwu Naịjirịa Karịsịa, ọrụ ndị katọrọ ndị eze ma ọ bụ ọchịchị ndị Britain na-achị na-eche nnukwu ihe mgbochi ihu. Ọchịchị ndị Britain Mbipụta nke ọrụ ndị dị otú ahụ nwere ike iduga na nsonaazụ iwu maka ma onye na-ede uri ma onye na'akwụkwọ, na-akpata ọnọdụ na-egbochi mgbasa nke echiche ndị na-emegide. N'ihi ya, e bipụtaghị ọtụtụ n'ime uri Zungur.[7]

Ebe Ugwu Jumhuniya ko Mulkiya

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Otu n'ime ọrụ ya a ma ama, Arewa Jumhuniya ko Mulkiya ("The North: Republic or Monarchy?"), ka edere na 1950 ozugbo ọ hapụrụ NCNC. : 282 Abụ ahụ sitere n'ike mmụọ nsọ site na ihe ndị mere mgbe nnwere onwe nke India na 1947, nke dugara na mgbasa nke eze na mpaghara Britain mbụ. Arewa Jumhuniya ko Mulkiya: __ibo____ibo____ibo__ Ọ bụ ezie na ọ bụ 282 __ibo____ibo____ibo__ Ọ bụ ezie na ọ bụ nnwere onwe nke India bụbu ógbè Britain[7] Abụ Zungur kpọrọ ndị Emirs nke Northern Nigeria ka ha chee ihe ịma aka nke oge na-apụta na republicanism ihu. ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya O gosipụtara mgbanwe gaa na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na mpụta nke ndị gụrụ akwụkwọ na-achọ iwere ọrụ ndu. ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Site n'izo aka na mgbanwe ahụ na India, Zungur bu n'uche ịkpali mkparịta ụka banyere mkpa ọ dị maka mgbanwe ọchịchị n'ime Northern Nigeria, ọkachasị usoro emirate. Abụ ya jụrụ mkpa ọ dị usoro ọchịchị ndị eze dị ugbu a n'ihu mgbanwe ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị. Ọrụ Zungur gbara ndị Emirs ume itinye aka na mgbanwe nke mmekọrịta ọha na eze na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ma tụlee atụmanya nke ịnakwere usoro mba ọzọ.[12][13]

Echiche Zungur banyere usoro eze ukwu ahụ nwere mgbanwe dị ịrịba ama n'ime afọ ndị dị n'etiti 1951 na 1954. Olileanya mbụ ya na enwere ike ịgbanwe ndị eze ka ha kwekọọ n'echiche ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke oge a na mgbanwe ala nke Naịjirịa ka mbọ ọ na-agba iji weta mgbanwe zutere mmegide sitere n'aka ndị eze, nke mere ka ọ nwee nkụda mmụọ na ohere nke mgbanwe bara uru n'ime usoro dị ugbu a. Echiche ya banyere usoro emirate gbanwere site na mgbanwe gaa na mbibi zuru oke.[7]

Ọnwụ

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Sa'adu Zungur nwụrụ na 28 Jenụwarị 1958 n'ihi nsogbu akpa ume ya. N'agbanyeghị na ọ naghị arụsi ọrụ ike n'anya ọha na eze n'ihi ahụike ya, Zungur nọgidere na-etinye aka n'ụzọ miri emi n'ihe gbasara ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị n'azụ ihe nkiri. Ọrịa ya gbochiri ọrụ ya nke ukwuu mana nchegbu ya banyere "ọdịnihu nke Northern Nigeria" mere ka ọ kpaliri ịga n'ihu na ọrụ ya.[2][3] Tupu ọnwụ ya, o degaara onye isi distrikti nke Bauchi akwụkwọ ozi na Dossier: Bauchi

Anọ m na m agaghị ede akwụkwọ ozi a. Anọ m na-anwa itinye onwe m n'ọnọdụ ahụike m na-adịghị ala ala. Anọ m na-anwa itinye echiche nke ọdịnihu nke Northern Nigeria n'azụ m ma na-elekọta ihe omume onwe m ozugbo. Enweghị m ike. Ana m aga n'àkwà na echiche ndị a; ana m ebili na ha. Ha nọ ebe ahụ mgbe m na-enwe ajọ mwakpo nke ọnọdụ ụbụrụ m. Otu echiche ahụ dị mgbe m na-ekpe ekpere m, ma ọ bụ na-anọdụ ala na-agwa enyi m okwu ma ọ bụ gụọ akwụkwọ akụkọ kwa ụbọchị.[14]

Ihe odide

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  1. ↑ Enwerem (1995). A dangerous awakening : the politicization of religion in Nigeria, Internet Archive, Ibadan : IFRA, 33. ISBN 978-978-2015-34-1. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Nigeria's Uncelebrated Hero, Poet, Progressive Politician, Intellectual and Nationalist: Ahmad Mahmud Sa'adu Zungur (en). ResearchGate. Retrieved on 2021-01-28.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Uwechue (1991). Makers Of Modern Africa: Profile in History (2nd ed.). United Kingdom: Africa Books Limited, 796–797. ISBN 0903274183. 
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Sa'adu Zungur: A catalyst for change (en-US). The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News (2020-02-09). Archived from the original on 2021-02-07. Retrieved on 2021-01-28.
  5. ↑ Kirk-Greene (2001). "Sa'adu Zungur: An anthology of the social and political writings of a Nigerian nationalist, by A. M. Yakubu. Kaduna: Nigerian Defence Academy Press, 1999. xiv + 453pp. Naira 1600 paperback. ISBN 978‐32929‐0‐0.". African Affairs 100 (399): 333–335. DOI:10.1093/afraf/100.399.333. 
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 Adeolu (2017-03-14). SA’ADU, Mallam Zungur (en-US). Biographical Legacy and Research Foundation. Retrieved on 2023-08-18.Adeolu (2017-03-14). "SA'ADU, Mallam Zungur". Biographical Legacy and Research Foundation. Retrieved 2023-08-18.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 Paden (1973). Religion and political culture in Kano, Internet Archive, Berkeley, University of California Press, 274-277. ISBN 978-0-520-01738-2. 
  8. ↑ Bauchi gov't names state university after Sa’adu Zungur - Daily Trust. dailytrust.com. Retrieved on 2023-08-18.
  9. ↑ (1972) Introduction to Nigerian literature, Internet Archive, [New York] Africana Pub. Corp, 62. ISBN 978-0-8419-0111-7. 
  10. ↑ (1967) Introduction to African Literature, Internet Archive, 38. 
  11. ↑ (1976) The living culture of Nigeria, Internet Archive, Lagos ; London : Nelson, 46. ISBN 978-0-17-544201-0. 
  12. ↑ Democracy Not Monarchy. www.gamji.com. Retrieved on 2023-08-18.
  13. ↑ Kirk-Greene (1976). "Zamanin Siyasa: Political Culture and Personalities in Modern Hausaland". African Affairs 75 (301): 532–535. ISSN 0001-9909. 
  14. ↑ S. "Nigeria's Uncelebrated Hero, Poet, Progressive Politician, Intellectual and Nationalist: Ahmad Mahmud Sa’adu Zungur". 
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