Robert Douglass Jr.
| ụdịekere | nwoke  |
|---|---|
| mba o sị | Njikota Obodo Amerika |
| aha enyere | Robert |
| aha ezinụlọ ya | Douglass |
| ụbọchị ọmụmụ ya | 1809 |
| Ebe ọmụmụ | Philadelphia |
| Ụbọchị ọnwụ ya | 26 Ọktoba 1887 |
| Ebe ọ nwụrụ | Philadelphia |
| Ńnà | Robert Douglass |
| Ńné | Grace Douglass |
| nwanne | Sarah Mapps Douglass |
| ọrụ ọ na-arụ | omenkà |
| ebe agụmakwụkwọ | Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts, Royal Academy of Arts |
| agbụrụ | Ndi Afrika nke Amerika |
| suffix ọgbọ | L252247-F2 |
| omenkà faịlụ na | Frick Art Research Library |
Robert Douglass Jr. (1809 rụo ụbọchị irí abụọ na isii n'ọnwa Ọktoba, 1887) bụ ónyé Africa-America na-ese ihe na ónyé isi na-eme ihe iké na Philadelphia.[1]
Akụkọ ndụ
dezieA mụrụ ya na Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, na 1809, Robert Douglass Jr. bụ nwá nke ónyé abolitionist na ndị isi ọbọdọ Robert Douglass Sr., si n'àgwàetiti Caribbean nke St Kitts, na Grace Bustill Douglass, nwa nwanyị Cyrus Bustill. Nwanne ya nwanyị bụ ónyé na-ese ihe na ónyé abolitionist Sarah Mapps Douglass; o nwekwara ụmụnne anọ ndị ọzọ.[2]
Douglass Jr. rụrụ ọrụ dị mkpà na National Colored Conventions ma jee ozi dị ka odeakwụkwọ na 1855 Convention.
Ọ zụrụ na Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts, nkè na-anabataghị ụmụ akwụkwọ ojii, ma zụọkwa na Royal Academy of Arts mgbè ọ na-eleta London. Nwa akwụkwọ Thomas Sully, ọ gàrà n'ihu na-eduzi nwa nwanne ya na ónyé na-ese ihe, David Bustill Bowser.[3]
Douglass kụziri na Institute for Colored Youth. Otu édémédé sitere na 1890 ghọtara ya dị ka "ónyé na-ese foto nke nwéré uru ụfọdụ". Ọ na-ese ihe osise ala ma a na-ewere ya dị ka ónyé na-ese foto Africa-America mbụ na Philadelphia.[4][5] Ọrụ ndị a ma ama gụnyere foto nke ndị abolitionist gụnyere William Lloyd Garrison na James Forten na 1834. Azụmaahịa ya gụnyere ihe osise na ihe ịchọ mma ime ụlọ.[4][6] Obere ọrụ ya ka dị.[7]
Douglass kwagara Haiti na 1824, site na nkwado nke Haitian Emigration Society nke Philadelphia, nzukọ nke Richard Allen na Forten guzobere. Douglass kwagara Jamaica na ngwụcha afọ 1840 mana o mechara laghachi Philadelphia.[7] Ọ nwụrụ n'ebe ahụ n'abalị iri abụọ na isii n'ọnwa Ọktoba n'afọ 1887 ma lie ya ugbu a n'ebe a na-eli ozu Eden Cemetery, Collingdale, ebe a na-ili ọtụtụ ndị Africa America a ma ama na Philadelphia bụ ndị biri ma nwụọ na ngwụcha narị afọ nkè iri na itoolu na mmalite narị afọ nke irí abụọ.[8]
Hụkwa
dezie- Ndị Africa-America nọ n'ọkwá dị elu
Edensibia
dezie- ↑ "Robert Douglass, Jr.," in "Mobility, Migration, and the 1855 Philadelphia National Convention," in "Colored Conventions: Bringing Nineteenth-Century Black Organizing to Life." Newark, Delaware: University of Delaware Library, retrieved online February 23, 2019.
- ↑ Winch, Julie, A Gentleman of Color: The Life of James Forten, Oxford University Press, 2002, p. 116.
- ↑ "Robert Douglass, Jr.," in "Mobility, Migration, and the 1855 Philadelphia National Convention," in "Colored Conventions: Bringing Nineteenth-Century Black Organizing to Life," University of Delaware Library.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Philadelphia (1996). An African American Miscellany: Selections from a Quarter Century of Collecting, 1970–1995: An Exhibition February 5 Through September 27, 1996 (in en). The Library Company of Phil. ISBN 9780914076919.
- ↑ Tanner (2012). Henry Ossawa Tanner: Modern Spirit (in en). University of California Press. ISBN 9780520270749.
- ↑ Gonzalez (2014). "The Art of Racial Politics: The Work of Robert Douglass Jr., 1833–46". The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 138 (1): 5–37. DOI:10.5215/pennmaghistbio.138.1.0005.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 Robert Douglass Jr. (en-US). coloredconventions.org. Archived from the original on August 26, 2017. Retrieved on July 20, 2017.
- ↑ Romero, Melissa. "Octavius Catto and the forgotten African-American heroes that lie in Eden Cemetery." Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: Curbed Philadelphia, September 26, 2017.
Njikọ mpụga
dezie- "Robert M. Douglass, Jr." (ihe ncheta). Salt Lake City, Utah: Chọta ili.