Right to be heard

right to be heard


obere ụdị nke	subjective right

Ikike a ga-anụ ya (nakwa nsonye ụmụaka) bụ ụkpụrụ ikike ụmụaka dị ka ndínkwekọrịta UN na ikike nke nwatakịrị siri kọwaa. Dị ka Nkeji edemede nke iri na abụọ nke mgbakọ ahụ si kwuo, ụmụaka nwere ikike igosi pụta echiche ha n'okwu niile metụtara ha, a ghaghị inye echiche ha oke mkpa dịka afọ na ntozu okè nke nwatakịrị ahụ si dị. Ikike a na-emetụta ụmụaka na-ekere òkè n'ihe gbasara mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị yana ikpe na usoro nchịkwa. Dị ka ụkpụrụ n'ozuzu ya, ikike nwatakịrị ka a nụ ya na-egosipụta echiche nke 'ụlọ ọrụ' ụmụaka, na-ele ụmụaka anya ọ bụghị naanị dị ka ndị na-adịghị ike chọrọ nchebe pụrụ iche, kamakwa dị ka ndị na-eme mkpebi maara ihe, ndị nwere ikike na ndị otu ọha mmadụ na-arụsi ọrụ ike.^[1]

Ikike a ga-anụ ya site na Nkeji edemede nke iri na abụọ metụtara nsonso n'isiokwu ndị ọzọ dị n'okpuru nkwekọrịta ahụ, nke jikọtara ọnụ na-emepụta ihe a na-akpọ 'ikike òkè' nke ụmụaka ma gosipụta nghọta nke ụmụaka dị ka ụmụ amaala bụ ndị nwere ikike. Isiokwu ndị a gụnyere:

Nkebi nke irí na ato - ikike nwatakịrị ahụ ịchọ, ịnata na inye ozi
Nkebi nke irí na ànó - nnwere onwe iche echiche, akọ na uche na okpukpe
Nkebi nke irí na isé - nnwere onwe mkpakọrịta.^[2]

Ihe ndị na-enye aka

Ntụkwasị Obi

Ntụkwasị obi bụ ihe dị ezigbo mkpa na-agba nwatakịrị ume ikwupụta echiche ya. Atụmatụ maka iwulite ntụkwasị obi na ụmụaka gụnyere:

Gosi na ị na-elekọta ma na-akwanyere nwatakịrị ùgwù dị ka mmadụ.
Jụọ nwa agbọghọ ma ọ bụ nwa nwoke otú ọ nọ, otú obi dị ya banyere ebe ha bi na ọnọdụ ndụ ha, jụọ ma ọ dị ihe ọ bụla ọ chọrọ.
Soro nwatakịrị ahụ nwee mkparịta ụka dị nro banyere ihe ndị na-eme kwa ụbọchị.
Gosi ọmịiko ma gosipụta mmetụta dị mma. Gwa nwatakịrị banyere ihe ndị dị mkpa nye nwatakịrị ahụ na ndị na-amasị ya.
Ọ bụrụ na nwatakịrị ahụ nwere ntụsara ahụ ịgwa gị okwu, mesie nwatakịrị ahụ obi ike ma nye nwatakịrị ahụ mmetụta nke ịchịkwa ihe na-eme.
Mee ka ụlọ nzukọ ahụ bụrụ nke ụmụaka.
Weta onwe gị ma kọwaa ọrụ ọkachamara gị.
Kọwaa ebumnuche nke nzukọ gị na ihe nzukọ ahụ gbasara, ihe mere i ji nọrọ ebe ahụ ịgwa nwatakịrị ahụ okwu na ihe ga-eme mgbe e mesịrị.
Kenye oge zuru ezu iji gwa nwa ahụ okwu na ige ntị.
Nye nkọwa dị mma na nhazi omenala n'ebe ọ bụla achọrọ.
Nye nwatakịrị oge ịtụgharị uche banyere ozi ị kesara, ịgbari ya ma laghachi maka nzukọ nke abụọ ma ọ bụ nke atọ, ma ọ bụrụ na ọ dị ka achọrọ ma kwesị ekwesị.
Jụọ nwatakịrị ahụ ma ọ ghọtara ozi ahụ ma kọwaa ihe ha ghọtara, ma were oge jụọ ajụjụ ndị ị kwesịrị ịjụ.^[3]

Nkwurịta okwu na-emetụta afọ

N'ihe gbasara ụmụaka na-eto eto ma ọ bụ ụmụaka nwere nsogbụ n'inwe nghọta, òkè nwatakịrị ahụ nwere ike ịbụ site na eserese ma ọ bụ egwuregwu, ma ọ bụ site n'ịhụ omume nwatakịrị ahụ na ndị ezinụlọ na ndị ọrụ nlekọta. Ime ka asụsụ ahụ kwekọọ n'afọ ndụ na mmepe nke nwatakịrị na-enyere aka hụ na nwatakịrị ahụ nwere ike ịghọta nsogbu ndị dị n'ihe ize ndụ ma gosipụta mmetụta ya na echiche ya.^[3]^[4]^[5]

Ntụle nwoke na nwanyị maka ikike ịnụ ya

Maka ụfọdụ ụmụaka, okike nkè onye na-agba ajụjụ ọnụ, onye ntụgharị, onye ogbugbo omenala, onye nlekọta ma ọ bụ ndị ọrụ nlekọta nwere ike ịgbanwe njikere ha igosipụta onwe ha. Nke a nwere ike ịdabere na ahụmịhe ụmụaka nwere na ụmụ nwoke na ụmụ nwanyị n'ụlọ ha na obodo ha, ma ọ bụrụ na ha na-akwaga, n'oge njem ha ma ọ bụ n'ebe ha na-aga. Ọrụ okike ọdịnala na mmekọrịta nwekwara ike ịrụ ọrụ. E kwesịrị ịkwanyere njirimara nwoke na nwanyị nke nwatakịrị ahụ ùgwù.^[4]^[5]

Ihe ndị na-enye aka n'ọnọdụ mba ụwa

Ọtụtụ ụmụaka achọghị ịkọ akụkọ ha nye ndị ọchịchị maka na ha na-atụ egwu na ọ nwere ike ọ gaghị adị ha mma ma nwee ike ibute ihe ndị a na-achọghị, dị ka ísì há laghachi. O nwere ike ịbụ na ndị mmadụ nke atọ nyere ụmụaka ntụziaka ma ọ bụ ọbụna yie ha egwu ka ha kọọ naanị akụkụ ụfọdụ nke akụkọ ha, nwatakịrị ahụ nwekwara ike ọ gaghị atụkwasị ndị uwe ojii na ndị ọchịchị obodo obi nwere ike ichebe ha. Usoro nnabata nke na-akwanyere ma na-akwado ùgwù nke nwatakịrị nwere ike ịkwalite mmetụta nke ntụkwasị obi.

Nkọwa dị mma na nhazi omenala

Ndị ntụgharị okwu nwere ike imetụta usoro nchịkọta ozi na ikpe nchedo ụmụaka mba ụwa, usoro mgbaba na nyocha mpụ ka ha na-emetụta otú e si aghọta ma ghọta nkwupụta nwatakịrị ahụ. Nsụgharị na-ezighi ezi nwere ike imebi nkwupụta nwatakịrị ahụ na mmetụta na a na-eme mkpebi na ndabere nke ozi ezighi ezi. Nke a metụtara ọ bụghị naanị ọdịnaya a sụgharịrị kamakwa ụdị na nhọrọ semantik nke nwatakịrị ahụ mere na otú ndị ntụgharị si sụgharịa ha.^[6]

Ịnụ nwatakịrị n'ime nyocha na ikpe

Ụmụaka ndị omekome nwere ikike ichebe ha pụọ na mmerụ ahụ na mmegbu nke abụọ n'oge nyocha na ikpe. A kọwara ụkpụrụ maka ya na ntuziaka UN maka ikpe ziri ezi n'ihe metụtara ụmụaka na ndị akaebe nke mpụ, Mgbakọ Kansụl nke Europe maka ichebe ụmụaka megide mmegbu mmekọahụ na mmetọ mmekọahụ na 2011 EU mgbochi mgbochi ịzụ ahịa iwu. .^[7] Ihe ndị na-esonụ na-echebe ụmụaka pụọ na mmerụ ahụ na nyocha na ikpe:

Tinyegharịa ajụjụ ọnụ n'oge nyocha, ikpe na ikpe naanị mgbe ọ dị mkpa.
Jiri ajụjụ ọnụ vidio ma ọ bụ ihe yiri ya iji zere nwatakịrị ahụ ma ọ bụ onye akaebe na-enye ihe akaebe n'ụlọ ikpe na iji gbochie mmekọrịta anya n'etiti ndị metụtara, ndị akaebe na ndị a na-ebo ebubo.
Ndị ọkachamara a zụrụ azụ na-eduzi ajụjụ ọnụ na nwatakịrị, ọkacha mma otu onye ahụ oge ọ bụla.
Mee ajụjụ ọnụ na gburugburu ebe obibi dị mma maka ụmụaka.

Leekwa

Mmasị kachasị mma
Ntinye aka nke ndị ntorobịa
Njikọ ụmụaka
Ikike ụmụaka

Edensibia

↑ UN Convention on the Rights of the Child
↑ United Nations Children’s Fund, Implementation Handbook for the Convention on the Rights of the Child, Fully Revised Edition, New York, 2002, p. 159.
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 United Nations Children's Fund, Communicating With Children, Principles and practices to nurture, inspire, excite, educate and heal, 2011.
↑ ^4.0 ^4.1 United Nations Economic and Social Council, Guidelines on Justice in Matters involving Child Victims and Witnesses of Crime, Economic and Social Council Resolution 2005/20, 22 July 2005
↑ ^5.0 ^5.1 Save the Children, Communicating with Children, Helping children in distress, 2000.
↑ Crawley, Heaven, Working with Children and Young People Subject to Immigration Control, Guidelines for best practice, Second Edition, Immigration Law Practitioners’ Association, 2012.
↑ Directive 2011/36/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 5 April 2011 on preventing and combating trafficking in human beings and protecting its victims, and replacing Council Framework Decision 2002/629/JHA. Retrieved on 2020-01-10.

[1] UN Convention on the Rights of the Child

[2] United Nations Children’s Fund, Implementation Handbook for the Convention on the Rights of the Child, Fully Revised Edition, New York, 2002, p. 159.

[United_Nations_Children's_Fund_2011-3] 3.0 ^3.1 United Nations Children's Fund, Communicating With Children, Principles and practices to nurture, inspire, excite, educate and heal, 2011.

[ReferenceA-4] 4.0 ^4.1 United Nations Economic and Social Council, Guidelines on Justice in Matters involving Child Victims and Witnesses of Crime, Economic and Social Council Resolution 2005/20, 22 July 2005

[Children_2000-5] 5.0 ^5.1 Save the Children, Communicating with Children, Helping children in distress, 2000.

[6] Crawley, Heaven, Working with Children and Young People Subject to Immigration Control, Guidelines for best practice, Second Edition, Immigration Law Practitioners’ Association, 2012.

[:0-7] Directive 2011/36/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 5 April 2011 on preventing and combating trafficking in human beings and protecting its victims, and replacing Council Framework Decision 2002/629/JHA. Retrieved on 2020-01-10.

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