Wikipedia

Pak Chong-ae

Onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị North Korea

Pak Chong-ae (Korean: 박정애; [1] amụrụ Ch'oe Vera[2] 1907 - ?[lower-alpha 1]), makwaara dị ka Pak Den-ai, [5] bụ onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị North Korea.

Pak nọchitere anya otu ndị ọrụ nke North Korea (WPNK) na mgbe 1949 gachara otu ndị ọrụ otu Korea (WPK).[6] Ọ bụbu onye Kọmunist nwere ahụmahụ n'oge nnwere onwe nke Korea, ọ gụkwara akwụkwọ na Soviet Union ma rụọ ọrụ maka ọrụ ọgụgụ isi ya. A na-ejikọta ya n'ụdị dị iche iche n'etiti ndị Soviet ma ọ bụ ndị òtù ezinụlọ nke otu ahụ.[1][2]

Pak bụ onye isi oche mbụ nke North Korean Central Committee nke Korean Democratic Women's League, nzukọ ụmụ nwanyị nke mba ahụ. N'oge ọ bụ onye isi oche, Njikọ ahụ emebeghị ka ọ bụrụ nzukọ nke gọọmentị na-achịkwa ụmụ amaala ya.

Pak bụ naanị nwanyị jere ozi na Politburo nke Ndị Ọrụ Ndị Ọrụ nke Korea ruo nhọpụta Kim Yo-jong. A kọwawo ya dị ka ọ bụ nanị nwanyị dịworo mkpa n'ezie na WPK. Ọrụ ya na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị North Korea sitere na 1940 ruo mgbe ọ kpochapụrụ na 1966 nke butere ịchụpụ ya n'ime ime obodo. Site n'ebe ahụ gaa n'ihu, e kwere ka ọ nọrọ n'ọkwá dị nta.

E nyere Pak ihe nrite Stalin International n'afọ 1950.

Mbido ndụ na ọrụ

dezie

A mụrụ Pak na 1907 na North Hamgyong Province n'ebe ugwu nke Korea Peninsula. Ọ gara Soviet Union ịga mụọ na Moscow State University.[1] Ọ rụrụ ọrụ na Soviet Union dị ka onye ọrụ ọgụgụ isi tupu ọ banye na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị.[2][3] Na mmalite 1930s, e zigara ya Korea maka ọrụ, [3] ebe ndị ọchịchị Japan tụrụ ya mkpọrọ.

 
Pak (nke atọ site n'aka ekpe) na 1st Congress nke WPNK na 28 August 1946, ụbọchị abụọ tupu ọ bụrụ onye otu zuru oke nke Central Committee mbụ ya.
 
Pak Chong-ae na-ekwu okwu na nnọkọ maka ntuli aka ime obodo na North Korea nke e mere na 3 Nọvemba 1946.

N'ime afọ 1940, Pak lụrụ Kim Yong-bom, onyeisi oche nke North Korean Branch Bureau nke Korean Communist Party. [3] N'oge nnwere onwe nke Korea, a na-ewere Pak dị ka onye Kọmunist nwere ahụmahụ.[4] Ọ kwadoro Kim Il Sung n'oge mmalite nke ndụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị North Korea wee ghọọ otu n'ime ndị na-akwado ya siri ike.[1] N'August 1946, ọ ghọrọ onye otu zuru oke na kọmitii 1st Central Committee of the Workers' Party of North Korea (WPNK).[11] Mgbe otu ndị ọrụ nke North na South Korea jikọrọ aka wee guzobe Party Party of Korea (WPK) na 1949, a họpụtara Pak ka ọ bụrụ otu n'ime ndị odeakwụkwọ atọ ya.[6] Ọ jere ozi na kọmitii etiti ya nke abụọ, nke atọ, na nke anọ.[11] Ọ bụkwa osote onye osote nzuko ndị Kasị Elu.

O kwere omume na Pak gwara ndị China banyere atụmatụ North Korea ịwakpo South Korea obere oge tupu Agha Korea amalite.[5]

N'afọ 1953, ọ duuru ndị nnọchi anya North Korea gaa olili ozu Stalin na Moscow, ebe onye China ya bụ Minista Na-ahụ Maka Mba Ọzọ Zhou Enlai . [6] Ka e mesịrị n'afọ ahụ, o sonyere na mkpocha megide ndị bụbu ndị otu ndị ọrụ South Korea bụ ndị Kim Il Sung hapụrụ. Pak ghọrọ otu n'ime ndị otu ise, na naanị nwanyị, [2] na kọmitii ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke kwadoro ọchịchị Kim.[15] Pak nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu n'ime kọmitii ahụ ma bụrụkwa otu n'ime ndị kacha nso Kim.[16][1] Ọ nọ ya mgbe ọ bịanyere aka n'akwụkwọ Armistice ma soro ya gaa njem na mba ofesi.[2] Dị ka otu n'ime ndị kasị mkpa so na kọmitii, ọ pụrụ iche "nwere ike inye Kim Il-sŏng ndụmọdụ banyere onwe ya ndụ, na ikwu okwu maka ụmụ nwanyị nakwa n'ihe gbasara izugbe nchegbu.

Ọ bụ onye isi oche mbụ nke North Korean Central Committee nke Korean Democratic Women's League . [7] N'oge ọ nọ n'ọkwa, site na 1940s ruo 1965, league bụ otu ụmụ nwanyị na-ahụkarị nke na-adịghị ka ndị nọ na mba ndị ọzọ.[3] Ọ bụ naanị n'okpuru ndị isi oche sochirinụ ka ọ nwetara ihe ndị ọzọ na-achị achị.[8] Pak rụkwara ọrụ dị mkpa na Women's International Democratic Federation (WIDF). [19] Ọ bụ onye otu kọmitii na-achịkwa ya na 1948. N'afọ 1951, otu WIDF International Commission of Women gara North Korea na ebumnuche ya iji mee ka echiche ọha na eze zuru ụwa ọnụ.[20] Ọ natara Ihe nrite Stalin nke mba ụwa n'afọ 1950 ma gosikwa na ihe nkiri Joris Ivens na Jerzy Bossak na-emegide agha Peace Will Win . [9][10] Ọ maliteghachikwara North Korean Order of the National Flag, ma nke mbụ ma nke abụọ. [11]

Robert A. Scalapino na Lee Chong-Sik na-akpọ ya "naanị nwanyị nke dịworo mkpa n'ezie na [WPK]".[23] Ọ nọrọ n'etiti narị afọ nke North Korea ndụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị mgbe mkpochapụ wepụrụ ọtụtụ ndị isi ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ndị ọzọ.[24] Andrei Lankov na-akọwa ya dị ka "otu n'ime àgwà ndị kasị dị ịrịba ama nke oge ahụ dị ịrịba ama."[1] Site na 1961 ruo 1963 ọ bụ onye minista na-ahụ maka ọrụ ugbo nke North Korea, [25] dị ka nke 2000[mmelite] otu n'ime naanị ụmụ nwanyị North Korea isii jere ozi dị ka ndị ozi.[26] Pak bụkwa naanị nwanyị jere ozi na Politburo nke Ndị Ọrụ Ndị Ọrụ Korea, otu kachasị na-eme mkpebi nke pati ahụ, [27] ruo Kim Yo-jong. [12][27]

Kim kpochara Pak n'onwe ya na ogbako 2nd nke WPK n'October 1966. Nzukọ a hụrụ mkpochapụ nke ọtụtụ ndị ọrụ na-ahụ maka akụ na ụba, mana Pak abụghị otu n'ime ha, na-egosi na a kpochapụrụ ya n'ihi ọchịchọ Kim itinye uche n'ike. [1] A chụpụrụ Pak n'ime ime obodo mgbe nchacha ahụ gasịrị.[24] Ọ bilitere na ndụ ọha na 1986.[24][2] Mgbe ahụ mmetụta ya ebelatala nke ukwuu ma kwe ka ọ nọrọ naanị obere ọnọdụ.[30][3] Nwa ya nwanyị, Pak Sun-hui, bụ onye isi oche nke kọmitii etiti nke Korea Democratic Women's League ugbu a.[3]

Hụkwa

dezie

 

  • Akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ndị ọrụ nke Korea
  • Kim Sung-ae
  • Ụmụ nwanyị na Mgbanwe Ọchịchị North Korea

Ihe edeturu

dezie

.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}

Edensibia

dezie
  1. ↑ Lankov (15 April 2011). Recalled to life in Pyongyang. Asia Times. Archived from the original on 27 April 2011. Retrieved on 15 December 2016.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Scalapino (1965). The Communist Revolution in Asia: Tactics, Goals, and Achievements. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall. ISBN 9780131530492. Scalapino, Robert A. (1965). The Communist Revolution in Asia: Tactics, Goals, and Achievements. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall. p. 118. ISBN 9780131530492. Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid <ref> tag; name "Scalapino1965" defined multiple times with different content
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Mansourov (June 2004). "Inside North Korea's Black Box: Reversing the Optics", North Korean Policy Elites. Alexandria: Institute for Defense Analyses. OCLC 74273082. Mansourov, Alexandre Y. (June 2004). "Inside North Korea's Black Box: Reversing the Optics" (PDF). North Korean Policy Elites. Alexandria: Institute for Defense Analyses. p. IV–43. OCLC 74273082. Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid <ref> tag; name "Mansourov2004" defined multiple times with different content
  4. ↑ Lee (2009). "Politics in North Korea: Pre-Korean War Stage". The China Quarterly 14: 5–6. DOI:10.1017/S0305741000020981. ISSN 0305-7410. 
  5. ↑ Dillon (2012). China: A Modern History. London: I.B.Tauris. ISBN 978-1-78076-381-1. 
  6. ↑ DEVELOPMENTS RELATED TO STALIN'S DEATH UP TO 1:00 P.M. EST MARCH 9 | CIA FOIA (foia.cia.gov). www.cia.gov. Archived from the original on 23 January 2017. Retrieved on 2019-09-19.
  7. ↑ Armstrong (2013). The North Korean Revolution, 1945–1950. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 96–97. ISBN 978-0-8014-6879-7. 
  8. ↑ Lankov (6 January 2008). Union of Women. The Korea Times. Retrieved on 15 December 2016.
  9. ↑ Rev. Moulton Gets Stalin 'Peace' Prize. The Deseret News (7 April 1950).
  10. ↑ Schoots (2000). Living Dangerously: A Biography of Joris Ivens. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press. ISBN 978-90-5356-433-2. 
  11. ↑ Error on call to Template:cite web: Parameters url and title must be specified (ko). North Korean Human Geography. Institute for Peace Affairs. Archived from the original on 23 August 2017. Retrieved on 17 December 2016.
  12. ↑ Ha Yoon Ah (13 July 2020). Kim Yo Jong becomes full member of N. Korea's politburo. Daily NK. Retrieved on 30 January 2021.

Ọrụ ndị e depụtara

dezie

 

Ịgụ ihe ọzọ

dezie

 

Njikọ mpụga

dezie
  • Pak Chong-ae na Encyclopedia (in Korean) Culture (n'asụsụ Korean)
  • Pak Chong-ae na North Korean Human Geography (n'asụsụ Korean)

Templeeti:Women in North Korean politics

Ewepụtara na https://ig.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pak_Chong-ae&oldid=189869