Onye nwe ụlọ

Randlords ( Afrikaans </link> ) bụ ndị isi obodo na-achịkwa ụlọ ọrụ diamond na ọla edo na South Africa site na 1870 ruo Agha Mbụ Mbụ

Ozi dị nta nke ndị na-ahụ maka ego Europe, nke ka ukwuu n'otu ụgbọ, ikike njikwa nke ụlọ ọrụ na-egwupụta diamond na Kimberley, Northern Cape . Ha guzobela ụzọ nke ego na Nkwado ụlọ ọrụ nke ha tinyeziri iji jiri nchoputa ọla edo sitere na 1886 na Transvaal na Witwatersrand - "Rand". Ozugbo Andre na Transvaal, ọtụtụ ndị hibere ebe obibi na nnukwu ụlọ nke Parktown

Ọtụtụ n'ime ndị Randlords, ikike baronetcies iji kwado ha

Randlords ama ama

Sir George Albu, 1st Bt (1857–1935)'
Leopold Albu (1861–1938)
Sir Abe Bailey, 1st Bt (1864–1940)
Barney Barnato (1852–1897)
Alfred Beit (1853–1906)
Sir Otto Beit, 1st Bt (1865–1930)
Hermann Ludwig Eckstein (1847-1893)
George Herbert Farrar (1859-1915)
Adolf Goerz (1857-1900)
John Hays Hammond (1855–1936)
Gustav Imroth (1862–1946)
Solomon Joel (1865–1931)
John Dale Lace (1859-1937)
Isaac Lewis (1849–1927)
Samuel Marks (1843–1920)
Maximilian Michaelis (1852-1932)
Sigismund Neumann (1857–1916)
Sir Lionel Phillips, 1st Bt (1855–1936)
Jules Porgès (1838-1921)
Cecil John Rhodes (1853–1902)
Sir Joseph Benjamin Robinson, 1st Bt (1840–1929)
Charles Dunell Rudd (1844-1916)
Jim B Taylor (1860-1944)
Sir Julius Wernher, 1st Bt (1850–1912)
Sir Thomas Cullinan (1862–1936)

Ihe nketa ụlọ ọrụ

Gold Production on the Witwatersrand 1898 to 1910^[1]^: 134
Year	No. of Mines	Gold output (fine ounces)	Value (£)	Relative 2010 value (£)
1898	77	4,295,608	£15,141,376	£6,910,000,000
1899 (Jan-Oct)	85	3,946,545	£14,046,686	£6,300,000,000
1899 (Nov- 1901 Apr)	12	574,043	£2,024,278	£908,000,000
1901 (May-Dec)	12	238,994	£1,014,687	£441,000,000
1902	45	1,690,100	£7,179,074	£3,090,000,000
1903	56	2,859,482	£12,146,307	£5,220,000,000
1904	62	3,658,241	£15,539,219	£6,640,000,000
1905	68	4,706,433	£19,991,658	£8,490,000,000
1906	66	5,559,534	£23,615,400	£9,890,000,000
1907	68	6,220,227	£26,421,837	£10,800,000,000
1908	74	6,782,538	£28,810,393	£11,700,000,000
1909	72	7,039,136	£29,900,359	£12,200,000,000
1910	63	7,228,311	£30,703,912	£12,400,000,000

Dị ka ụgbọ mbụ nke Randlords nwụrụ ma ọ bụ lara ezumike nká, ụgbọ na-esote lekwasịrị anya na usoro nke nchikota na ụlọ ọrụ, na-emepe ụlọ ọrụ ndị na-egwupụta akụ n'ime ụlọ ọrụ ndị a ndekọ aha. Agba nke mbụ nke Cecil Rhodes nke mgbawa diamond na De Beers Consolidated Mines gara n'ihu site n'aka Sir Ernest Oppenheimer (1880-1957) na-anya usoro a, na-ewusi ike nke De Beers na ụlọ ya site na 1917 nke nnukwu Anglo American Ngwuputa. ụlọ ọrụ (nke akara edo ya bụ nke AngloGold Ashanti na-ejide ugbu a. Ndịozi ndị ọzọ na-egwupụta akụ na Johannesburg bụ ntọala nke nnukwu ụlọ ọrụ ndị ọzọ na-egwupụta ihe nke ka dị. Corner House" ihe Randgold Resources ; Ebe Gold Consolidated Rhodes Gold Fields Limited ; George na Leopold Albu's General Mining and Finance Corporation onyonyo Gencor ; Barney Barnato's Johannesburg Consolidated Investment Company ma ọ bụ "Johnnies" àmà JCI Limited

Ihe nketa ọdịmma mmadụ na omenala

Randlords sitere na n dị arọ n'obi, ọtụtụ ndị jikwa akụ na ndị na-agwa ha okwu ọkwa ha na ụmụ mmadụ. Aha dị mfe ama meri a mbunobi megide nouveaux-akụnụba na ndị Juu iji nweta na "ntọala" Bekee wee nata knighthoods</link>^{[ a chọrọ nkọwa ]}

Akwụkwọ akwụkwọ ụlọ hapụrụ ihe nketa na South Africa na England. Na Johannesburg naanị, ihe owuwu dị ka ụlọ ndị Randlord dị na Parktown Ridge Akụkọ, ọtụtụ ndị Sir Herbert Baker mere. Florence Phillips, nyere Sir Lionel Phillips nwanne ihe ngosi nka nke Johannesburg na Joubert Park. N'ofe UK, ọtụtụ mkpokọta ọha na ụlọ na-agba, maka akụ na nna nke Randlords, mkpokọta Wernher, na mbụ na Luton Hoo na ugbu a na Ranger's House.

N'ime ọtụtụ ọrụ nke Randlords, Beit Trust nke Sir Alfred Beit hiwere wuru ihe ezinụlọ àkwà mmiri 400 na ndịda Africa; [1] Cecil Rhodes nyere nkwado Rhodes na Mahadum Oxford

Ojiji ndị ọzọ

Enwere ike iji Randlord mee ihe n'efu ka ọ bụrụ okwu maka ọchụnta ego South Africa ọ llabara okwu. Nkebi iwu ahụ mgbochi ọzọ mgbe aha ego South Africa aha Rand na 1961

Hụkwa

Akụkọ ihe mere eme nke South Africa
Jameson Raid

Ntụaka

↑ Yap (1996). Colour, Confusion and Concessions: The History of the Chinese in South Africa. Hong Kong: Hong Kong University Press, 510. ISBN 962-209-423-6.

Isi mmalite

Maryna Fraser, 'Randlords (act. 1880s–1914)', Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, online edn, Oxford University Press, Ọkt 2006 nwetara 7 Ọkt 2006

Ọgụgụ ọzọ

Michael Stevenson - Art & Aspirations, Randlords nke South Africa na mkpokọta ha
Geoffrey Wheatcroft - Ndị Randlords: Ndị ikom mere South Africa (Weidenfeld, 1985)

Njikọ mpụga

[Yap1996-1] Yap (1996). Colour, Confusion and Concessions: The History of the Chinese in South Africa. Hong Kong: Hong Kong University Press, 510. ISBN 962-209-423-6.

[1]