Wikipedia

Ogige Ọhịa Edumanom

Mgbọrọgwụ nke Edumanom Forest Reserve mgbaàmà na 1970 mgbe a na-egosi ya dị ka otu n'ime ụdị nke Rivers steeti, nchịkọta nke mpaghara iri na otu dị iche iche.  N'oge ahụ, Gọvanọ nke Rivers State, na-arụ ọrụ n'okpuru ikike nke Nkebi nke 28 nke Iwu Iji Ala nyere, kagburu ikike obibi niile na-emetụta ya na ala na-ekpuchi Edumanom Forest Reserve.  N'ikpeazụ, Kọmishọna na-ahụ maka ọrụ ugbo na ihe ndị sitere n'okike, nke ngalaba 8 nke Iwu Forestry Iwu Cap 55 nke Iwu Eastern Nigeria, 1963, mpaghara ahụ dị ka ebe nchekwa nchekwa.  Ebe nchekwa nchekwa na-enweta aha ya site n'ịbụ Edumanom dị na Otuabagi (Ogbia LGA), nke nwere ike inwe ike na nchekwa.

Ogige Ọhịa Edumanom

Ebe nchekwa oke nwere ike nke Edumanom mkpa dị ka otu n'ime ebe obibi ikpeazụ maka chimpanzees na Nigeria.  Ọ gbasara nke mbụ Nembe mbụ, nke kewara ugbu a na mpaghara ime obodo Nembe na Brass n'ime steeti Bayelsa.  Ebe nchekwa nchekwa a na-enweta ma ndị njem nlegharị anya ma ndị kookoo ihe mere eme [1]

N'ịbụ nke na-ekpuchi mbara nke hectare 9,324, Edumanom Forest Reserve bụ oke ike apịtị mara mma.   N'ụzọ doro anya, ọ bụ ebe obibi maka ụdị dị iche iche, endemic Sclater's guenon, olive colobus, na Niger Delta red colobus.   Maka ndị na-anụ ọkụ n'obi okike, ike na ebe nchekwa nchekwa a na-ekwe nkwa omume na-atọ ụtọ.   A na-eme ka egwu n'oké mkpa dị mfe site na mmiri iyi na n'ịkpọkọ egwu.   A mara oke ụdị ahụ maka anụ ahụ dị iche nke ụdị osisi dị iche ich. [2]

Ogige ndị Edumanom bụ mpaghara na mpaghara Niger Delta [1] nke dị na South East Nigeria bụ ebe obibi nke ụfọdụ chimpanzees ikpeazụ na Nigeria .  </link>Ọ na [ ] nke ala eze Nembe ochie, nke kewara ugbu a na mpaghara Nembe na Brass, [2] na steeti Bayels. </link>

Ebe nchekwa nchekwa nke Edumanom bụ, apiti nke mmiri dị ọhụrụ nke nwere hectare 9,324. [3]

akụkọ akụkọ na ọrụ igbu osisi emebiela ebe obibi ahụ.  [1] N'agbanyeghị na e nwere okporo ụzọ na ole na mpaghara ahụ, ndị dinta nwere ike isi n'ọwa mmiri na n'akpakọ mkpakọ n'ime njirimara.  [2] Oke mgbochi nọkwa n'egwu site na mgbasawanye nke nkwụ .  [3] ụzọ ụzọ ụzọ ụzọ isi na Ogbia gaa Nembe ga-aga n'etiti patches abụọ nke chimpanzees [4] bi n'ime mma Edumanom. [4]

N'afọ 1995, ndị ndị dinta kwuru na e nwere obere m chimpanzee dị 5-10 na mpaghara izugbe, ikike na-agụnye ihe ụmụaka 50. Ndị dinta ochie na-achọsi ike idị chimpanzee, [1] mana ndị agha turu turu.  ọnụ na ha ga-egbu ha.  A na-erekarị chimp na-eto eto jidere n'ihi ihe nta dị ka anụ ụlọ ma ọ bụ n'ike anụ ike.  [2] Otu ụdị June 2008 kwuru na ebe nchekwa ahụ bụ saịtị ikpeazụ amara maka chimpanzees na Niger Delta . [5]

Ebe nchekwa ahụ na-echebekwa Sclater's guenon na ndị ọzọ IUCN Red List ụdị olive colobus na Niger Delta red colobus .  [1] A na-ahụta enwe Sclater dị ka onye na-adịghị ike mana ọghị n'ihe egwu na 2008. [2] A na-ekiri ya n'ahụ dum, ma e wezụga n'ebe ole na ole ebe  a na-edebe ya dị nsso ma na-ahụ maka ụmụaka ndụ.  Otu ቀለሞች 2005 faịlụ aro ka echekwa ya n'ime Edumanom na ebe nchekwa ndị ọzọ dị na Nigeria .  [3] A na-enwebu mangabey ndị na-acha uhie uhie n'ime njirimara, ma ugbu a a na-eche na ọgụrụ ihe ndị a .  [2] Emebere Edumanom ka ọ bụrụ ebe nchekwa nchekwa mana ejiri ya ma na- ike ya dịka ala obodo obodo.  Ebe ahụ dị ihe dịka 87km2.  Orika ahụ ma Ogbia na ndị Nembe dị na Bayelsa steeti [4] ma gụnyekwa oke ndị nke ndị Emago-Kugbo na steeti Rivers na-eji. [6]

Ihu igwe

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Dị ka nhazi nke Köppen-Geiger si kwuo, ebe nchekwa ọhịa nke Edumanom dara n'okpuru ngalaba Af, na-egosi ọnọdụ ihu igwe nke oke ọhịa. [7]

Ebe nchekwa oke ọhịa nke Edumanom na-enweta oke mmiri ozuzo, yana nkezi kwa afọ nke ihe dịka 2562 mm (100.9 inch). Ọnwa kacha mmiri mmiri bụ June, na nkezi mmiri ozuzo nke 363 mm (14.3 sentimita), ebe ọnwa na-ekpo ọkụ bụ Jenụwarị, na nkezi mmiri ozuzo nke 73 mm (2.9 inch).

Ebe nchekwa oke ohia na-enweta na-ekpo ọkụ n'ime afọ, yana nkezi ndụ kwa afọ bụ 26.4°C (79.4°F).  Ọnwa kacha ekpo ọkụ bụ Maachị, yana nkezi okpomoku kacha dị 27.5°C (81.5°F), ebe ụnwanyị kacha dị ike bụ Ọgọst, yana nke ọma kacha nta bụ 24.9°C (76.9°F).

Okpokoro iru mmiri dị n'ime oke ọhịa na-egosi ntakịrị mgbanwe n'ime afọ, na Septemba nwere oke iru mmiri dị ihe dịka 87.22%, ebe Jenụwarị na-enweta iru mmiri kacha ala na gburugburu 80.95%.

Ọktoba bụ ọnwa nwere oke mmiri ozuzo, na-ewe ụbọchị 28.80, ebe Jenụwarị nwere ntakịrị mmiri ozuzo, yana ụbọchị 19.03.

Ebe nchekwa oke ọhịa nke Edumanom na-enweta nkezi ihe dịka awa 78.06 nke anwụ kwa ọnwa, na-agbakọta ihe dịka awa 2372.49 nke anwụ n'ime afọ. Jenụwarị na-enweta awa kachasị elu kwa ụbọchị nke anwụ na-egbuke egbuke, yana nkezi nke awa 7.93 kwa ụbọchị, ebe Jenụwarị nwekwara obere anwụ anwụ, yana ngụkọta nke awa 154.96 maka ọnwa.

Climate data for Edumanom Forest Reserve (Brass)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °F 85 85.1 85 84.8 83.6 81 79.6 79.5 80.1 81.6 83.2 84.5 82.8
Daily mean °F 80.7 81.3 81.5 81.3 80.3 78.2 77.1 76.9 77.3 78.3 79.6 80.7 79.4
Average low °F 77.6 78.8 79.1 78.5 77.5 76 75.1 75 75.1 75.7 76.8 77.9 76.9
Average precipitation inches 2 3 6 7 10 14 12 8 11 11 7 3 94
Average high °C 29 29.5 29 29.3 28.7 27 26.4 26.4 26.7 27.6 28.4 29.2 28.1
Daily mean °C 27.1 27.4 27.5 27.4 26.8 25.7 25.1 24.9 25.2 25.7 26.4 27.1 26.4
Average low °C 25.3 26.0 26.2 25.8 25.3 24 23.9 24 23.9 24.3 24.9 25.5 24.9
Average precipitation cm 5.1 7.6 15 18 25 36 30 20 28 28 18 7.6 238.3
Average rainy days 14 16 19 19 21 20 20 21 21 22 20 17 230
Average relative humidity (%) 81 83 83 84 85 86 86 86 87 87 85 83 85
Mean daily sunshine hours 7.9 7.6 7.4 7.3 6.7 5.5 5.0 5.2 5.3 5.9 6.5 7.7 6.5
Source: climate-data.org[8]

Anụ anụmanụ

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Ogige ndị nke Edumanon bụ mkpa maka ihe dị iche iche dị iche iche nke ndụ, na-akwado ụdị anụ dị iche iche iche na iche nke anụ mamma, anụ ufe, na ndị amphibians. [9]

Ebe nchekwa bụ ebe obibi nke ụdị anụmanụ dị iche iche, ụdị ndị a ma ama dị ka nnukwu akpa akpa Africa (Thryonomys swinderianus), African brush-tailed porcupine (Atherurus africanus), sitatunga (Tragelaphus spekei), na bushbuck (  Tragelaphus scriptus).  Ụmụ anụmanụ ndị ọzọ a ma ama red duiker (Philantomba walteri), Bates's pygmy antelope (Neotragusbatesi), African civet (Viverracivetta), na nkwụ abụọ nwere (Nandinia binotata).  Ihe dị mkpa nke bụ chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes), ụdị a na-ewere dị ka ihe dị elu.  Ọ bụ ebe na ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị bi na Edumanon Forest Reserve nwere ike, ekiri nke nnukwu apes ndị a na-egosi mkpa gburugburu ebe obibi dị na nchekwa.

Ebe nchekwa oke ọhịa nke Edumanon nwekwara anụ ọhịa dị iche iche na-akpụ akpụ. N'ime ihe ndị na-akpụ akpụ a na-ahụ n'ebe nchekwa ahụ bụ ụdị agụ iyi atọ, gụnyere agụ iyi siri ike nke Africa (Mecistops cataphractus), ụdị nke a na-adịghị ahụkebe na ndịda Nigeria mbụ. Na mgbakwunye, ebe nchekwa ọhịa na-enye ebe obibi maka ọtụtụ anụ ọhịa ndị ọkachamara na-akpụ akpụ, dị ka mbe na-agbachi azụ ọhịa (Kinixys erosa), agụ iyi dwarf (Osteolaemus tetraspis), na rhinoceros viper (Bitis nasicornis). Ihe ndị a na-akpụ akwu bụ ihe na-egosi ịba ụba gburugburu ebe obibi nke ebe nchekwa ahụ.

Mkpa

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Ogige ọhịa nke Edumanom bụ mpaghara akụ na ụba dị oke mkpa nke nwere nnukwu mkpa n'ihe gbasara akụ na ụba, omenala na mmekọrịta ọha na eze, na-eme ka ọ bụrụ akụkụ dị mkpa nke mpaghara na mpaghara. Nke a bụ nyocha miri emi nke mkpa ya:

Mkpa akụ na ụba

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  1. Ngwaahịa na osisi na-abụghị osisi: Ebe nchekwa ọhịa Edumanom na-enye ebe a na-enweta osisi na ihe ndị na-abụghị osisi. Osisi, dị ka mahogany na teak, bara uru na ụlọ ọrụ ihe owuwu na arịa ụlọ, na-enweta nnukwu ego. Ngwaahịa ọhịa na-abụghị osisi dị ka osisi ọgwụ, mmanụ aṅụ, na mkpụrụ osisi na-atụnyekwa aka na akụ na ụba obodo. [10]
  2. Njem nlegharị anya na njem nlegharị anya: Mma mara mma nke oke ọhịa na-adọta ndị njem nlegharị anya na ndị na-anụ ọkụ n'obi okike. Njem nlegharị anya a na-ebute ego site n'ụgwọ ndị ọbịa, ebe obibi na ọrụ dị iche iche metụtara njem nlegharị anya. Na mgbakwunye, atụmatụ ecotourism nwere ike inye njegharị eduzi na mmemme nkuzi, na-ekepụta ọrụ maka ndị obodo. </link>[ a chọrọ nkọwa ]
  3. Mwepu Carbon na Mbelata Climate: Oke Edumanom na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa na mbelata mgbanwe ihu igwe site n'iwepụta carbon dioxide. Mba ụwa na-amata mkpa ọ dị ichekwa mpaghara ndị dị otú ahụ maka mmemme mbelata carbon zuru ụwa ọnụ, na-enye ego ga-enweta site na kredit carbon.

Mkpa Omenala

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  1. Ihe Nketa Ọdịbendị: Omenala na ọdịnala obodo na-ejikọkarị ihe nchekwa ọhịa. Ụmụ amaala na obodo nwere ike inwe njikọ ime mmụọ ma ọ bụ akụkọ ihe mere eme na ọhịa, na-eji ya eme ememe, emume, na omenala. [11]
  2. Ọmụma Omenala: ọhịa ahụ nwere ihe ọmụma ọdịnala bara uru gbasara osisi ọgwụ, njikwa akụrụngwa na-adigide, na ichekwa ihe dị iche iche dị ndụ. A na-agafe ihe ọmụma a site n'ọgbọ ma na-enye aka n'ichekwa omume omenala pụrụ iche.
  3. Ụdị dị iche iche na anụ ọhịa: Ọtụtụ omenala ụmụ amaala nwere njikọ siri ike na anụ ọhịa na ụdị dị iche iche nke ọhịa. Ụdị ndị a abụghị nanị ihe dị mkpa maka nguzozi gburugburu ebe obibi kamakwa na-ekerekwa òkè dị mkpa na akụkọ ifo na ịkọ akụkọ. [12]

Mkpa mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya

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  1. Ihe eji ebi ndụ: Oke ọhịa bụ ebe obibi maka ndị obodo. Ọ na-enye ohere maka ọrụ n'iwepụta osisi, nchịkọta ngwaahịa ọhịa na-abụghị osisi, na njem njem. Ego a na-enweta na-akwado ndụ nke ọtụtụ ezinụlọ.
  2. Nchekwa nri: Ebe nchekwa ọhịa Edumanom na-atụnyekwa aka na nchekwa nri. Ọ na-enye ụdị mkpụrụ osisi dị iche iche, mkpụrụ osisi, na osisi a na-eri nri bụ ihe dị mkpa maka nri mpaghara, karịsịa n'oge ụkọ nri.
  3. Ijikwa ihe enyemaka mmiri: ọhịa ahụ na-eje ozi dị ka mmiri mmiri sitere n'okike, na-achịkwa oke mmiri na osimiri na iyi. Nke a na-eme ka mmiri dị ọcha na-enye ndị obodo, na-eme ka ọ dị mkpa maka ọrụ ugbo na ụlọ.
  4. Agụmakwụkwọ na mmata: Ebe nchekwa ọhịa na-enye klaasị dị n'èzí bara uru maka mmụta gburugburu ebe obibi. Ọ na-enye ohere maka ụlọ akwụkwọ mpaghara na mpaghara ịkụziri ụmụ akwụkwọ gbasara gburugburu ebe obibi, nchekwa, na mkpa ọ dị ichekwa ebe obibi. [13]

Otu esi aga na Edumanom Forest Reserve

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Ebe ụgbọ elu Bayelsa bụ ọdụ ụgbọ elu mba ụwa, ọ naghịanabata ụgbọ elu mba ofesi ugbu a.   Dị ka nke a, ndị ọbịa si mba ofesi na-ebu ụzọ efega n'ọdụ ụgbọ elu International Port Harcourt . [14]

Iji ruo Edumanom Forest Reserve site na ụgbọ elu Bayelsa International, isi na ndị na-amụ na Tombia - Amassoma Rd maka ihe dịka 2.3 km.   Gaa n'ihu n'ụzọ a ruo mgbe ị ga-erute Opolo, na-ekpuchi ihe dịka 32.3 km.   Site na Opolo, ga iwu gaa na Oloibiri-Ibelebiri-Mbiama Rd, mechaa ikike gaa na Ogbia Nembe Rd na emesia Nembe-Ogidiama Rd.   Ụkwụ njem a na-ahụ ihe dịka kilomita 52.8, na-eduga gị n'ebe ị na-aga na Oruama, Rivers Nembe.

Mgbe ị rutere Nembe, ọ dị mkpa ịmara na mmiri na-egbochi ụzọ niile na-aga ala, na-eme ka iji ụgbọ mmiri bụrụ iwu. N'ihi ya, kwụọ ụgwọ ụgbọ epeepe ga-agafe n'okporo ụzọ mmiri, na-achọ kpọmkwem ebe nchekwa ọhịa Edumanom.

N'ikwu ya n'ụzọ ọzọ, ị nwere ike fega n'ọdụ ụgbọ elu mba ụwa nke Bayelsa wee banye Nembe .   Ozugbo ị rutere Nembe, ị nwere ike were ụgbọ mmiri ọrụ n'ime ihe.   Njem ahụ na-ewe ihe dị ka awa atọ.

Ntụaka

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  1. ↑ Akani (2014-07-03). "Preliminary surveys of the terrestrial vertebrate fauna (mammals, reptiles, and amphibians) of the Edumanon Forest Reserve, Nigeria" (in en). Tropical Zoology 27 (3): 63–72. DOI:10.1080/03946975.2014.944376. ISSN 0394-6975. 
  2. ↑ Edumanom Forest Reserve, Bayelsa - Photos & Reviews. Hotels.ng Places. Retrieved on 2023-10-11.
  3. ↑ Forest Resource Situation Assessment of Nigeria... Forest Resources Management Plans and Maps. Beak Consultants (1998).
  4. ↑ Rebecca Kormos. Status Survey and Conservation Action Plan: West African Chimpanzees. IUCN. Archived from the original on 2009-11-16. Retrieved on 2010-09-18.
  5. ↑ NIGERIA BIODIVERSITY AND TROPICAL FORESTRY ASSESSMENT. USAID (June 2008). Retrieved on 2010-09-18.
  6. ↑ Edumanom Forest Reserve (en-US). Archived from the original on 2021-09-18. Retrieved on 2021-09-18.
  7. ↑ Brass climate: Average Temperature by month, Brass water temperature. en.climate-data.org. Retrieved on 22 October 2023.
  8. ↑ Brass climate: Weather Brass & temperature by month.
  9. ↑ Akani (3 July 2014). "Preliminary surveys of the terrestrial vertebrate fauna (mammals, reptiles, and amphibians) of the Edumanon Forest Reserve, Nigeria". Tropical Zoology 27 (3): 63–72. DOI:10.1080/03946975.2014.944376. 
  10. ↑ Ezenwaka (2014). "ECOSYSTEM SERVICES OF THE NIGER DELTA". Journal of Agriculture and Social Research 14 (1): 37–56. 
  11. ↑ OPIGO (2021). "TRADITIONAL WRESTLING FOR CULTURAL HERITAGE TOURISM IN BAYELSA STATE". Journal of Research and Development Studies 5 (1): 42–49. 
  12. ↑ Akani (2014-07-03). "Preliminary surveys of the terrestrial vertebrate fauna (mammals, reptiles, and amphibians) of the Edumanon Forest Reserve, Nigeria" (in en). Tropical Zoology 27 (3): 63–72. DOI:10.1080/03946975.2014.944376. ISSN 0394-6975. 
  13. ↑ Edumanom Forest Reserve: Home of chimpanzees threatened by local hunters - Daily Trust. dailytrust.com. Retrieved on 2023-10-22.
  14. ↑ Bayelsa International Airport to Nembe (en). Bayelsa International Airport to Nembe. Retrieved on 22 October 2023.
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