Wikipedia

Nova Scotia

Templeeti:Infobox province or territory of Canada

Nova Scotia (/ ˌnoʊvə ˈskoʊʃə / NOH-və SKOH-shə; French: Nouvelle-Écosse; Scottish Gaelic: Alba Nuadh) bụ otu n'ime ógbè na ókèala iri na atọ nke Canada.  Ọ bụ otu n'ime mpaghara atọ nke Maritime na otu n'ime ógbè Atlantic anọ.  Nova Scotia bụ Latin maka "New Scotland".

Ọtụtụ n'ime ndị bi na ya bụ ndị na-asụ bekee, na ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị bi na mpaghara ahụ bụ 969,383 dịka ọnụ ọgụgụ 2021 siri dị.  O nwere ọnụ ọgụgụ kasị ukwuu na ógbè Atlantic nke Canada.  Ọ bụ mpaghara obodo nke abụọ kacha nwee mmadụ na mpaghara nke abụọ kacha nta site na mpaghara, ma mgbe Prince Edward Island gasịrị.[1]  Mpaghara ya dị square kilomita 55,284 (21,345 sq mi) gụnyere Cape Breton Island na agwaetiti 3,800 ndị ọzọ dị n'ụsọ osimiri.  Ejikọtara Peninsula Nova Scotia na mpaghara North America ndị ọzọ site na Isthmus nke Chignecto, nke ókèala ala mpaghara na New Brunswick dị.  Mpaghara ahụ nwere oke Bay of Fundy na Ọwara Maine n'akụkụ ọdịda anyanwụ yana Oke Osimiri Atlantic na ndịda na ọwụwa anyanwụ, ma kewapụrụ ya na Prince Edward Island na agwaetiti Newfoundland site na Northumberland na Cabot straits, n'otu n'otu.

Ala nke mejupụtara ihe bụ Nova Scotia ugbu a bụ ebe ndị Miꞌkmaq bi n'oge ndị Europe na-achị. N'afọ 1605, e guzobere Acadia - ógbè ọhụrụ mbụ nke France - site na ịmepụta isi obodo Acadia, Port-Royal. Britain lụrụ France maka ókèala ahụ n'ọtụtụ oge ruo ihe karịrị otu narị afọ mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, ebe ọ nwetara ya n'aka ha na 1713 Peace of Utrecht, nke kwụsịrị Agha nke Spanish Succession. N'ime afọ ndị sochirinụ, ndị Britain malitere ibi na "ndị Protestant si mba ọzọ" n'ógbè ahụ ma chụpụ ndị Acadian na-asụ French n'ìgwè. N'oge American Revolutionary War (1775-1783), ọtụtụ puku ndị Loyalists biri na Nova Scotia. N'afọ 1848, Nova Scotia ghọrọ ógbè Britain mbụ iji nweta ọchịchị dị mma, ya na New Brunswick na Province of Canada (nke bụzi Ontario na Quebec) jikọrọ aka na July 1867 iji guzobe ihe bụzi mba Canada.

Isi obodo Nova Scotia na obodo kacha ukwuu bụ Halifax, nke bụ ebe obibi ihe karịrị 45% nke ndị bi na mpaghara dịka ngụkọ 2021.  Halifax bụ mpaghara ọnụ ọgụgụ nke iri na abụọ kachasị na Canada, [1] obodo kachasị na Atlantic Canada, yana obodo nke abụọ kachasị n'ụsọ osimiri na-esote Vancouver.[1]

Okwu mmalite

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"Nova Scotia" pụtara "New Scotland" na Latin ma bụrụ aha Bekee a ma ama maka mpaghara ahụ. Na French na Scottish Gaelic, a na-asụgharị mpaghara ahụ kpọmkwem dị ka "New Scotland" (French: Nouvelle-Écosse. Gaelic: Alba Nuadh). N'ozuzu, asụsụ Romance na Slavic na-eji nsụgharị kpọmkwem nke "New Scotland", ebe ọtụtụ asụsụ ndị ọzọ na-eji transliterations kpọmkwem nke aha Latin / Bekee.

A kpọrọ mpaghara ahụ aha mbụ na 1621 Royal Charter na-enye Sir William Alexander na 1632 ikike ibi n'ala gụnyere Nova Scotia nke oge a, Cape Breton Island, Prince Edward Island, New Brunswick na Gaspé Peninsula.[2]

Ọdịdị ala

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Nova Scotia bụ mpaghara nke abụọ kachasị nta na Canada, na-esote Prince Edward Island. Mmiri anọ gbara ya gburugburu: Gulf of Saint Lawrence n'ebe ugwu, Bay of Fundy n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ, Gulf of Maine n'ebe ndịda ọdịda anyanwụ na Atlantic Ocean n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ.[3] Isi ala nke mpaghara ahụ bụ peninsula Nova Scotia ma gụnyere ọtụtụ ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri na estuaries. Enweghị ebe ọ bụla na Nova Scotia karịrị 67 (42 mi) site n'oké osimiri.[4] Cape Breton Island, nnukwu agwaetiti dị n'ebe ugwu ọwụwa anyanwụ nke Nova Scotia, bụkwa akụkụ nke mpaghara ahụ, dị ka Sable Island, obere agwaetiti a ma ama maka ịbụ ebe ụgbọ mmiri na-ekpu, ihe dịka 175 km (110 mi) site na ụsọ oké osimiri ndịda mpaghara ahụ.[5]

 
Map nke Nova Scotia

Nova Scotia nwere ọtụtụ nkume oge ochie nwere fossil. Ọdịdị ndị a bara ọgaranya karịsịa na Bay of Fundy. Blue Beach dị nso na Hantsport, Joggins Fossil Cliffs, n'ụsọ oké osimiri nke Bay of Fundy, emeela ka e nwee ọtụtụ fossils nke oge Carboniferous. Wasson's Bluff, nke dị nso n'obodo Parrsboro, emeela ka ọ bụrụ Triassic- na Jurassic-age fossils. Ebe kachasị elu bụ White Hill na 533 m (1,749 ft) n'elu oke osimiri, nke dị n'etiti Cape Breton Highlands n'ebe ugwu nke mpaghara ahụ.

Nova Scotia dị n'akụkụ 45th parallel north, yabụ ọ dị n'etiti Equator na North Pole. Ógbè ahụ nwere ọdọ mmiri 5,400.[6]

Ọnọdụ ihu igwe

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Ụdị ihu igwe Köppen nke Nova Scotia

Nova Scotia dị na mpaghara etiti na-ekpo ọkụ na, n'agbanyeghị na mpaghara ahụ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ mmiri gbara ya gburugburu, ihu igwe dị nso na ihu igwe kọntinent karịa oke mmiri.  Oke oyi na oke okpomọkụ nke ihu igwe kọntinent bụ oke osimiri na-edozi oke okpomọkụ.[1]  Otú ọ dị, oyi na-atụ nke ọma ka a na-ekewa ya dị ka kọntinent-ka na-adị nso ebe oyi na-atụ karịa mpaghara ime obodo n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ.  Ihu igwe nke Nova Scotian dị n'ọtụtụ ụzọ dị ka ụsọ oké osimiri etiti Baltic dị na Northern Europe, ọ bụ naanị mmiri na-ekpo ọkụ na snow.  Nke a bụ eziokwu n'agbanyeghị na Nova Scotia dị ihe dị ka myirịta iri na ise n'ihu ndịda.  Ebe ndị na-adịghị n'ụsọ oké osimiri Atlantic na-enwe oge okpomọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ karịa nke mpaghara ime obodo, na oyi na-atụ oyi na-adị ntakịrị oyi.  Na 12 Ọgọstụ 2020, obodo Grand Étang, nke ama ama maka ifufe Les Suêtes, dekọtara ntakịrị mmiri ọkụ n'otu abalị nke 23.3 °C (73.9 °F)[2] [7]

Nkezi okpomọkụ kachasị elu na nke kachasị ala kwa ụbọchị maka ebe ndị a họọrọ na Nova Scotia[8]
Ebe July (°C) July (°F) Jenụwarị (°C) Jenụwarị (°F)
Halifax 23/14 73/58 0/-8 32/17
Sydney 23/12 73/54 -1/-9 30/14
Kentville 25/14 78/57 -1/-10 29/14
Akụkọ 24/13 75/55 -1/-12 29/9
Liverpool 25/14 77/57 0/-9 32/15
Shelburne 23/12 73/54 1/-8 33/17
Yarmouth 21/12 69/55 1/-7 33/19

Akụkọ ihe mere eme

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Ezinụlọ Mi'kmaq na Tuft's Cove, 1871. Ndị Mi'kmaq biri na Nova Scotia mgbe ndị Europe mbụ rutere.

Ógbè ahụ gụnyere mpaghara nke mba Mi'kmaq nke Mi'kma'ki (mi'gama'gi), ókèala nke gbasaa gafee Maritimes, akụkụ nke Maine, Newfoundland na Gaspé Peninsula. Ndị Mi'kmaq bụ akụkụ nke nnukwu ezinụlọ asụsụ Algonquian ma biri na Nova Scotia n'oge ndị mbụ na-achị Europe rutere.[9] Nnyocha e bipụtara na 1871 yana ọrụ S. T. Rand site na 1894 gosiri na ụfọdụ ndị Mi'kmaq kwenyere na ha si n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ kwapụ, wee biri n'akụkụ Kwēdĕchk, ndị bi na mbụ.[10][11] Agbụrụ abụọ ahụ lụrụ agha nke were "ọtụtụ afọ", ma gụnye "igbu ndị ikom, ndị inyom, na ụmụaka, na ịta ahụhụ maka ndị a dọọrọ n'agha", na mwepụ nke Kwēdĕchk site n'aka ndị mmeri Mi'kmaq.[10]

Ebe obibi ndị Europe

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Ndị Europe mbụ biri n'ógbè ahụ bụ ndị France, bụ ndị bịarutere na 1604, na ndị Katọlik Mi'kmaq na ndị Acadians mejupụtara ihe ka ọtụtụ n'ime ndị bi na mpaghara ahụ maka afọ 150 sochirinụ. N'afọ 1605, ndị France na-achị mba ahụ guzobere ebe obibi mbụ na-adịgide adịgide na Europe n'ọdịnihu (na nke mbụ n'ebe ugwu Florida) na Port Royal, na-eguzobe ihe a ga-akpọ Acadia.[12]

Agha bụ ihe dị ịrịba ama na Nova Scotia n'oge narị afọ nke 17 na nke 18. [ọ chọrọ ka e kwuo ya iji chọpụta] N'ime afọ 80 mbụ ndị France na ndị Acadians biri na Nova Scocia, nnukwu esemokwu agha itoolu mere ka ndị Bekee na ndị Scotland, ndị Dutch na ndị France lụrụ ọgụ maka inweta mpaghara ahụ.[13] Mmekọrịta ndị a mere na Port Royal, Saint John, Cap de Sable (Pubnico nke oge a na Port La Tour, Nova Scotia), Jemseg (1674 na 1758) na Baleine (1629).[14] Agha Obodo Acadian weere ọnọdụ site na 1640 ruo 1645. Malite na Agha Eze William na 1688, usoro agha isii mere n'etiti ndị England, ndị Scotland na ndị France, na Nova Scotia bụ ebe esemokwu na-adịgide adịgide n'etiti ike abụọ ahụ.

Narị afọ nke 18

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Ndị agha France na-alaghachi na Port-Royal mgbe ndị Britain meriri ha na 1710

Agha n'etiti ndị Britain na ndị France maliteghachiri site na 1702 ruo 1713, nke a maara dị ka Agha Eze Nwanyị Anne. Nnọchibido ndị Britain nke Port Royal mere na 1710, na-eme ka ọchịchị ndị France kwụsị na peninsular Acadia. Ntinye aka na Nkwekọrịta nke Utrecht na 1713 nabatara nke a n'ụzọ ziri ezi, mgbe ọ na-eweghachi Cape Breton Island (Île Royale) na Prince Edward Island (Îla Saint-Jean) na ndị France. N'agbanyeghị mmeri ndị Britain meriri Acadia na 1710, ndị Katọlik Acadians na Mi'kmaq nọgidere na Nova Scotia, bụ ndị gbochiri ndị agha Britain na Annapolis na Canso. New Brunswick nke oge a bụ akụkụ nke French colony nke Acadia. Ozugbo e weghaara Port Royal na 1710, Francis Nicholson kwupụtara na a ga-akpọ ya Annapolis Royal iji sọpụrụ Queen Anne.

N'ihi Agha Nna Rale (1722-1725), ndị Mi'kmaq bịanyere aka na usoro nkwekọrịta na Great Britain na 1725. Ndị Mi'kmaq bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta nke "nrubeisi" nye okpueze Britain.[15][16] Agbanyeghị, esemokwu dị n'etiti ndị Acadian, Mi'kmaq, French, na ndị Britain nọgidere na-aga n'ihu na iri afọ ndị sochirinụ na Agha Eze George (1744-1748).

Agha Nna Le Loutre (1749-1755) malitere mgbe Edward Cornwallis rutere iji guzobe Halifax na njem 13 na 21 June 1749.[17][18] Ụlọikpe General, nke gọvanọ na kansụl mejupụtara, bụ ụlọ ikpe kachasị elu na mpaghara ahụ n'oge ahụ.[19] A ṅụrụ Jonathan Belcher iyi dị ka onye isi ikpe nke Ụlọikpe Kasị Elu nke Nova Scotia na 21 Ọktoba 1754.[19] Nzukọ omeiwu mbụ na Halifax, n'okpuru Gọvanọ nke Charles Lawrence, zutere na 2 Ọktoba 1758.[20]

N'oge agha French na India nke 1754-1763 (ihe nkiri North America nke Agha Afọ asaa), ndị Britain chụpụrụ ndị Acadians ma were New England Planters ka ha dozie ógbè ahụ.  Oge agha nke afọ 75 kwụsịrị na nkwekọrịta Halifax dị n'etiti British na Mi'kmaq (1761).  Mgbe agha ahụ gasịrị, e kwere ka ụfọdụ ndị Acadia laghachi

 
Ịchụpụ ndị Acadian na Grand-Pré. A chụpụrụ ihe karịrị pasent 80 nke ndị Acadian n'ógbè ahụ n'etiti afọ 1755 na 1764.

Na 1763, ọtụtụ n'ime Acadia (Cape Breton Island, St. John's Island (nke bụzi Prince Edward Island), na New Brunswick) ghọrọ akụkụ nke Nova Scotia.  Na 1765, e mepụtara mpaghara Sunbury.  Nke a gụnyere ókèala New Brunswick nke oge a na ọwụwa anyanwụ Maine ruo Osimiri Penobscot.  Na 1769, St. John's Island ghọrọ ógbè dị iche.[21]

Mgbanwe nke America (1775-1783) nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu n'ịkpụzi Nova Scotia, ebe ógbè ahụ na-egosipụta na mbụ ambivalence maka ma ógbè ahụ kwesịrị ịbanye na mgbanwe ahụ;  Nnupụisi malitere na Agha Fort Cumberland (1776) na nnọchibido nke Saint John (1777).  N'ime agha ahụ niile, ndị na-ahụ maka onwe onye America mebiri akụ na ụba ụgbọ mmiri site na ijide ụgbọ mmiri na ịkwakọrọ ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ obodo ọ bụla na mpụga Halifax.  Mwakpo America ndị a kewapụrụ ọtụtụ ndị Nova Scotians nwere ọmịiko ma ọ bụ na-anọpụ iche n'ịkwado ndị Britain.  Ka ọ na-erule njedebe nke agha ahụ, Nova Scotia ewepụtala ọtụtụ ndị nwere onwe ha ịwakpo ụgbọ mmiri America.[1]  Ndị agha Britain nke dabere na Halifax nwere ihe ịga nke ọma n'igbochi nkwado America maka ndị nnupụisi na Nova Scotia ma gbochie mbuso agha ọ bụla nke Nova Scotia.  Otú ọ dị, ndị agha mmiri nke Royal emeghị ka ndị agha mmiri guzosie ike.  Ọ bụ ezie na ndị Britain weghaara ọtụtụ ndị America nzuzo na agha dị ka agha Naval na Halifax (1782), ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ nọgidere na-awakpo mbupu na ebe obibi ruo ọnwa ikpeazụ nke agha ahụ.  Ndị agha mmiri Royal gbalịsiri ike idowe ahịrị ndị Britain, na-agbachitere convoys sitere na mwakpo America na French dị ka agha convoy ọgụ siri ike, agha Naval na Cape Breton (1781).

 
Onye Black Loyalist na-egbutu osisi, na Shelburne, Nova Scotia, na 1788

Mgbe ndị Colonies iri na atọ na ndị enyi ha bụ ndị France manyere ndị agha Britain inyefe onwe ha na 1781, ihe dị ka ndị Loyalist 33,000 (ndị America na-eguzosi ike n'ihe nke Eze, nyere ohere itinye "United Empire Loyalist" mgbe aha ha gasịrị) biri na Nova Scotia (14,000 n'ime ha n'ihe ghọrọ New Brunswick) na ala nke Crown nyere dị ka ụfọdụ ụgwọ maka ọnwụ ha. (Nchịkwa Britain kewara Nova Scotia ma wepụ Cape Breton na New Brunswick na 1784). Ọpụpụ Loyalist mepụtara obodo ọhụrụ gafee Nova Scotia, gụnyere Shelburne, nke ghọrọ otu n'ime nnukwu obodo ndị Britain na North America, ma tinye Nova Scotia na isi obodo na nkà ndị ọzọ.

Mbufe ahụ kpatara esemokwu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị n'etiti ndị isi Loyalist na ndị isi nke New England Planters. Mgbasa nke ndị Loyalist mekwara ka ndị Mi'kmaq nke Nova Scotia 2000 pụọ n'akụkụ ka onyinye ala ndị Loyalists na-abanye n'ala ndị a na-akọwaghị nke ọma. Dị ka akụkụ nke mbata Loyalist, ihe dị ka ndị Black Loyalists 3,000 rutere; ha tọrọ ntọala ebe obibi Black kacha ukwuu n'efu na North America na Birchtown, nso Shelburne. E nwere ọtụtụ ndị Black Loyalists e liri n'ili ndị a na-amaghị aha ha na Old Burying Ground na Halifax. Ọtụtụ obodo Nova Scotia bụ ndị ndị agha Britain lụrụ agha.

Narị afọ nke 19

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HMS Shannon leading the captured USS Chesapeake into Halifax during the War of 1812

N'oge Agha nke 1812, onyinye Nova Scotia nyere na mbọ agha ndị Britain gụnyere ịzụta ma ọ bụ iwu ụgbọ mmiri dị iche iche iji wakpo ụgbọ mmiri US.[22] Ikekwe oge kachasị dị egwu n'agha maka Nova Scotia mere mgbe HMS <i id="mwAYg">Shannon</i> duuru ụgbọ mmiri America e jidere USS <i id="mwAYo">Chesapeake</i> banye n'ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri Halifax na 1813. E debere ọtụtụ n'ime ndị mkpọrọ US na Deadman's Island.

Nova Scotia ghọrọ ógbè mbụ na British North America na n'Alaeze Ukwu Britain iji nweta ọchịchị dị mma na Jenụwarị-Febụwarị 1848 ma bụrụ onye na-achị onwe ya site na mbọ Joseph Howe.[23] Nova Scotia guzobere gọọmentị nnọchiteanya na 1758, ihe e mesịrị cheta site na iwu ụlọ elu Dingle na 1908.

Ndị Nova Scotia lụrụ agha na Agha Crimea nke 1853-1856.[24] Ihe ncheta Welsford-Parker nke 1860 na Halifax bụ ihe ncheta agha nke abụọ kachasị ochie na Canada na naanị ihe ncheta Agha Crimea na North America. Ọ na-echeta Siege nke Sevastopol na 1854-55.

 
Mmeghe nke ihe ncheta Sebastopol na 1860. E wuru ihe ncheta ahụ iji sọpụrụ ndị Nova Scotia lụrụ agha na Crimea.

Ọtụtụ puku ndị Nova Scotians lụrụ agha na Agha Obodo America (1861-1865), karịsịa maka North.[25] Alaeze Ukwu Britain (gụnyere Nova Scotia) kwupụtara onwe ya na-anọpụ iche na esemokwu ahụ. N'ihi ya, Britain (na Nova Scotia) gara n'ihu na-azụ ahịa na South na North. Ọnọdụ akụ na ụba Nova Scotia nwere ọganihu n'oge Agha Obodo.

Akụkọ ihe mere eme mgbe Confederation gasịrị

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N'oge na-adịghị anya mgbe Agha Obodo America gasịrị, onye isi ala nke Confederation Pro-Canada bụ Charles Tupper duuru Nova Scotia banye na Canadian Confederation na 1 Julaị 1867, tinyere New Brunswick na Province of Canada. Ọ bụ Joseph Howe duziri ndị Anti-Confederation Party. Ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ọnwa atọ ka e mesịrị, na ntuli aka nke 18 Septemba 1867, Anti-Confederation Party meriri 18 n'ime oche 19 nke gọọmentị etiti, na 36 n'ime 38 oche na ndị omeiwu mpaghara.

N'ime narị afọ nke 19, ọtụtụ azụmaahịa mepụtara na Nova Scotia ghọrọ nke dị mkpa na mba ụwa: Starr Manufacturing Company (onye mbụ na-emepụta ice skate na Canada), Bank of Nova Scotia, Cunard Line, Alexander Keith's Brewery, Morse's Tea Company (ụlọ ọrụ tii mbụ na Canada), n'etiti ndị ọzọ.

 
Bluenose na 1921. Ụgbọ mmiri na-agba ọsọ ghọrọ ihe ngosi mpaghara maka Nova Scotia na 1920s na 1930s.

Nova Scotia ghọrọ onye ndu ụwa n'ịrụ ma nwee ụgbọ mmiri ụgbọ mmiri osisi na ọkara nke abụọ nke narị afọ nke iri na itoolu. Nova Scotia mepụtara ndị na-arụ ụgbọ mmiri a ma ama na mba ụwa Donald McKay na William Dawson Lawrence. A kwadoro aha Nova Scotia nwetara site n'aka ndị ọrụ ụgbọ mmiri na 1895 mgbe Joshua Slocum ghọrọ nwoke mbụ ji aka ya gbaa ụwa gburugburu. Nlebara anya mba ụwa gara n'ihu na narị afọ na-esote na ọtụtụ mmeri agbụrụ nke Bluenose schooner. Nova Scotia bụkwa ebe a mụrụ Samuel Cunard, onye Britain na-ebu ụgbọ mmiri (a mụrụ na Halifax, Nova Scotia) onye guzobere Cunard Line.

Na December 1917, e gburu ihe dị ka mmadụ 2,000 na Mgbawa Halifax.

N'April 2004, ndị omebe iwu Nova Scotia nakweere mkpebi na-akpọ ndị ọchịchị nke Turks na Caicos Islands ka ha chọpụta ohere nke ịbanye Canada dịka akụkụ nke Mpaghara ahụ.  [Ihe ndekọ achọrọ]

N'April 2020, ogbugbu ogbugbu mere n'ofe mpaghara wee bụrụ mkpọmkpọ ebe kacha egbu egbu na akụkọ Canada.[1][26]

Ọnụ ọgụgụ mmadụ

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Map ọnụ ọgụgụ mmadụ nke Nova Scotia (c. 2016) na mpaghara na mpaghara obodo gosipụtara.

Agbụrụ

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Dabere na ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị Canada nke afọ 2016 agbụrụ kachasị ukwuu na Nova Scotia bụ ndị Scotland (30.0%), ndị Bekee (28.9%), Irish (21.6%), French (16.5%), German (10.7%), First Nations (5.4%), Dutch (3.5%), Métis (2.9%), na Acadian (2.6%). 42.6% nke ndị zaghachirinụ gosipụtara agbụrụ ha dị ka "Canadian".[27]

Asụsụ

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Ka ọ na-erule 2021 Canadian Census, asụsụ iri a na-asụkarị na mpaghara ahụ gụnyere Bekee (951,945 ma ọ bụ 99.59%), French (99,300 ma ọ bụ 10.39%), Arabic (11,745 ma ọ dị 1.23%), Hindi (10,115 ma ọ bụ 1.06%), Spanish (8,675 ma ọ bụ 0.91%), Mandarin (8,525 ma ọ bụ 0,89%), Punjabi (6,730 ma ọ bụ .7%), German (6,665 ma ọ bụ 0.59%), Miꞌk (5,650 ma ọ bụ 0,59%), na Tagalog (5,595 ma ọ bụ.[28] Ajụjụ banyere ihe ọmụma nke asụsụ na-enye ohere maka ọtụtụ nzaghachi.

Ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị Canada nke 2021 gosiri na ọnụ ọgụgụ mmadụ dị 969,383. N'ime nzaghachi 958,990 maka ajụjụ ọnụ ọgụgụ gbasara asụsụ nne, asụsụ ndị a na-ekwukarị bụ:

 
Asụsụ dị na Nova Scotia: uhie - ọtụtụ ndị na-asụ Bekee, oroma - ngwakọta, acha anụnụ anụnụ - ọtụtụ ndị francophone



Rank Language Population Percentage
1. English 868,365 89.57%
2. French 34,675 3.57%
3. Arabic 9,560 0.98%
4. Mandarin 7,185 0.74%
5. Punjabi 5,335 0.55%
6. Tagalog 4,255 0.43%
7. Mi'kmaw 3,990 0.41%
8. German 3,480 0.35%
9. Spanish 3,075 0.31%
10. Hindi 3,020 0.31%

Ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị egosiri bụ maka ọnụ ọgụgụ nzaghachi otu asụsụ na pasentị nzaghachi zuru ezu otu asụsụ.[29]

 
Nkesa nke Scottish Gaelic na Maritimes

Nova Scotia bụ ebe obibi nke ndị na-asụ Scottish Gaelic kachasị ukwuu na mpụga Scotland, yana ọnụ ọgụgụ dị nta nke ndị na'asụ asụsụ na Pictou County, Antigonish County, na Cape Breton Island, a na-akụzi asụsụ ahụ n'ọtụtụ ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị n'ógbè ahụ dum. N'afọ 2018, gọọmentị wepụtara akwụkwọ ikike ụgbọ ala ọhụrụ nke Gaelic iji mee ka a mara asụsụ ahụ ma nyere aka kwado asụsụ na ọdịbendị Gaelic. Ha mere atụmatụ na e nwere ndị na-asụ Gaelic 2,000 na mpaghara ahụ.[30]

Okpukpe

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Dị ka ọnụ ọgụgụ mmadụ nke afọ 2021 si kwuo, òtù okpukpe dị na Nova Scotia gụnyere:[31]

  • Iso Ụzọ Kraịst (556,115 mmadụ ma ọ bụ 58.2%)
  • Enweghị okpukpe (359,395 mmadụ ma ọ bụ 37.6%)
  • Islam (mmadụ 14,715 ma ọ bụ 1.5%)
  • Okpukpe Hindu (mmadụ 8,460 ma ọ bụ 0.9%)
  • Okpukpe Sikh (mmadụ 4,735 ma ọ bụ 0.5%)
  • Okpukpe Buddha (2,955 mmadụ ma ọ bụ 0.3%)
  • Okpukpe ndị Juu (2,195 mmadụ ma ọ bụ 0.2%)
  • Mmụọ nke ụmụ amaala (1,090 mmadụ ma ọ bụ 0.1%)
  • Ndị ọzọ (mmadụ 6,195 ma ọ bụ 0.6%)

Dị ka ọnụ ọgụgụ afọ 2011 si kwuo, okpukpe kachasị ukwuu site na ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị na-eso ụzọ bụ Ndị Kraịst na 78.2%. Ihe dị ka 21.18% bụ ndị na-abụghị ndị okpukpe na 1% bụ ndị Alakụba. Ndị Juu, ndị Hindu, na ndị Sikh mejupụtara ihe dị ka 0.20%.[32]

N'afọ 1871, okpukpe ndị kachasị ukwuu bụ Presbyterian na 103,500 (27%); Roman Catholic na 102,000 (26%); Baptist na 73,295 (19%); Anglican na 55,124 (14%); Methodist na 40,748 (10%), Lutheran na 4,958 (1.3%); na Congregationalist na 2,538 (0.65%).[33]

Ọnọdụ akụ na ụba

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GDP nke onye ọ bụla na Nova Scotia na 2016 bụ CA $ 44,924, nke dị ala karịa nkezi GDP nke onye otu nke CA $ 57,574.[34] Uto GDP anọwo n'azụ ndị ọzọ nke mba ahụ ma ọ dịkarịa ala afọ iri gara aga.[35] Ka ọ na-erule n'afọ 2017, ego ezinụlọ na-enweta na Nova Scotia bụ $ 85,970, n'okpuru nkezi mba nke $ 92,990; na Halifax ọnụ ọgụgụ ahụ rịrị elu ruo $ 98,870.[36][37]

 
Lobster na-ejide n'ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri dị na Sheet Harbour. Mpaghara ahụ bụ nnukwu onye na-ebupụ lobsters n'ụwa.

Mpaghara ahụ bụ nnukwu onye na-ebupụ osisi Krismas, lobster, gypsum, na mkpụrụ osisi ọhịa n'ụwa.[38] Ọnụ ahịa mbupụ azụ ya karịrị ijeri $ 1, mba 90 gburugburu ụwa na-anata ngwaahịa azụ.[39] Ka o sina dị, ihe ndị mpaghara ahụ na-ebubata karịrị ihe ndị ọ na-ebupụ. Ọ bụ ezie na ọnụọgụ ndị a fọrọ nke nta ka ha hara nhata site na 1992 ruo 2004, kemgbe ahụ, ụkọ azụmahịa arịwo elu. N'afọ 2012, ihe ndị a na-ebupụ na Nova Scotia bụ 12.1% nke GDP mpaghara, ebe ihe ndị a si mba ọzọ bụ 22.6%.

Akụ na ụba dabere na akụrụngwa Nova Scotia agbasala n'ime afọ iri na-adịbeghị anya.  Ngosipụta nke Nova Scotia dị ka ikike nwere ike ime na North America, n'akụkọ ihe mere eme, bụ maka ịdị njikere nnweta nke akụrụngwa sitere n'okike, ọkachasị oke azụ̀ dị na Shelf Scotian.  Azụ azụ bụ ogidi akụ na ụba kemgbe mmepe ya dịka akụkụ nke New France na narị afọ nke 17;  otu o sila dị, ịkụ azụ̀ ahụ nwere mbelata nke ukwuu n'ihi oke azụ̀ n'ọgwụgwụ narị afọ nke 20.  Ọdịda nke akụ akụ cod na mmechi nke ngalaba a butere mfuo ihe dị ka ọrụ 20,000 na 1992.[40]

Akụkụ ndị ọzọ dị na mpaghara ahụ emebikwara nke ukwuu, ọkachasị n'ime iri afọ abụọ gara aga: Ngwuputa coal na Cape Breton na ugwu Nova Scotia akwụsịla, na nnukwu igwe igwe na Sydney mechiri n'ime 1990s.  N'oge na-adịbeghị anya, ọnụ ahịa dị elu nke dollar Canada n'ihe metụtara dollar US emerụla ụlọ ọrụ ọhịa ahụ, na-eduga na nkwụsị nke pulp na mpempe akwụkwọ na-adịte aka na nso Liverpool.  Ngwuputa ihe, karịsịa nke gypsum na nnu na ruo n'ókè dị nta silica, peat na barite, bụkwa akụkụ dị mkpa.[1]  Kemgbe 1991, mmanụ na gas abụrụla akụkụ dị mkpa nke akụ na ụba, n'agbanyeghị na mmepụta na ego ha nwetara na-agbada ugbu a [mgbe?] na-agbada.[2]  Agbanyeghị, ọrụ ugbo ka bụ akụkụ dị mkpa na mpaghara ahụ, ọkachasị na Ndagwurugwu Annapolis

 
Ugbo dị na Grafton. Ọrụ ugbo ka bụ ngalaba dị mkpa nke akụ na ụba na Ndagwurugwu Annapolis.

Ngalaba na-ahụ maka nchekwa na mbara igwe nke Nova Scotia na-emepụta ihe dịka $ 500 nde na ego ma na-enye ihe dịka $ 1.5 ijeri maka akụ na ụba mpaghara kwa afọ.[41] Ruo ugbu a, 40% nke akụ ndị agha Canada bi na Nova Scotia.[41] Nova Scotia nwere ụlọ ọrụ ihe nkiri nke anọ kachasị ukwuu na Canada na-akwado ihe karịrị 100 mmepụta kwa afọ, ihe karịrị ọkara nke ha bụ ngwaahịa nke ndị na-emepụta ihe nkiri na telivishọn mba ụwa.[42] N'afọ 2015, gọọmentị Nova Scotia wepụrụ ụtụ isi maka mmepụta ihe nkiri na mpaghara ahụ, na-etinye ụlọ ọrụ ahụ n'ihe ize ndụ n'ihi na ọtụtụ ikike ndị ọzọ na-aga n'ihu na-enye ụdị ego ndị a.[43] Mpaghara ahụ na-etu ọnụ na ngalaba Information & Communication Technology (ICT) na-emepe ngwa ngwa nke nwere ihe karịrị ụlọ ọrụ 500, ma na-ewe ihe dịka mmadụ 15,000 n'ọrụ.[44]

N'afọ 2006, ngalaba na-emepụta ihe wetara ihe karịrị ijeri $ 2.6 na GDP, mmepụta kachasị nke ngalaba ụlọ ọrụ ọ bụla na Nova Scotia.[45] Michelin ka bụ onye ọrụ kachasị ukwuu na ngalaba a, na-arụ ọrụ ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe atọ na mpaghara ahụ. Michelin bụkwa onye na-ewe mmadụ n'ọrụ na mpaghara ahụ.[46]

Njem

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Ụgbọ mmiri na-eme njem kwụsịrị na ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri Halifax. Ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri ahụ na-ahụ ihe karịrị ndị njem ụgbọ mmiri 200,000 kwa afọ.

Ụlọ ọrụ njem Nova Scotia gụnyere ihe karịrị azụmaahịa 6,500, na-akwado ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ọrụ 40,000.[47] Ụgbọ mmiri na-eleta mpaghara ahụ mgbe niile. N'afọ 2010, ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri Halifax natara ndị njem 261,000 na Sydney 69,000.[48][49] Ụlọ ọrụ a na-enye ihe dịka ijeri $ 1.3 kwa afọ maka akụ na ụba.[50] Mgbasa ozi njem Nova Scotia nke afọ 2008 gụnyere ịkpọsa ekwentị mkpanaaka a na-akpọ Pomegranate na ịmepụta ebe nrụọrụ weebụ, nke mgbe ọ gụsịrị banyere "ụda ọhụrụ" tụgharịrị gaa na ozi njem nleta gbasara mpaghara.[51]

Ụlọ ọrụ njem nke Nova Scotia na-egosi ọdịbendị, ọdịdị na ụsọ oké osimiri nke Nova Scocia. Nova Scotia nwere ọtụtụ ebe ngosi nka na-egosipụta ihe nketa agbụrụ ya, gụnyere Glooscap Heritage Centre, Grand-Pré National Historic Site, Hector Heritage Quay na Black Cultural Centre for Nova Scotia. Ebe ngosi nka ndị ọzọ na-akọ akụkọ banyere ọrụ ya, dị ka Cape Breton Miners Museum, na Maritime Museum of the Atlantic.

Nova Scotia bụ ebe obibi nke ọtụtụ ndị egwu a ma ama na mba ụwa ma nwee ebe ndị ọbịa n'obodo Hank Snow, Rita MacNeil, na Anne Murray Centre. E nwekwara ọtụtụ emume egwu na ọdịbendị dị ka Stan Rogers Folk Festival, Celtic Colours, Nova Scotia Gaelic Mod, Royal Nova Scotia International Tattoo, Atlantic Film Festival na Atlantic Fringe Festival.

 
Peggys Point Lighthouse na Peggys Cove bụ ebe ndị njem nleta na mpaghara ahụ.
 
Symphony Nova Scotia na-eme na Maritime Museum of the Atlantic na Halifax
  1. ↑ Nova Scotia. The Canadian Encyclopedia. Archived from the original on 6 November 2021. Retrieved on 4 March 2020.
  2. ↑ (1922) Nova Scotia: The Royal Charter of 1621 to Sir William Alexander. Toronto: University of Toronto Press (Reprinted from the Transactions of the Royal Canadian Institute, Vol. XIV, Part 1). Retrieved on 7 April 2018. 
  3. ↑ The Climate of Nova Scotia. The Climates of Canada. Environment Canada. Archived from the original on 19 April 2010. Retrieved on 7 June 2015.
  4. ↑ Harrison (1993). O Canada. Ticknor & Fields. 
  5. ↑ Sable Island: Shipwrecks and Lifesaving. Maritime Museum of the Atlantic (14 February 2013). Archived from the original on 7 December 2021. Retrieved on 2 July 2019.
  6. ↑ (2016) "Gaspe, Canada". Princess Explorations Café (Powered by the New York Times). 
  7. ↑ Daily Data Report for August 2020: Grand Etang, Nova Scotia. Government of Canada (31 October 2011). Archived from the original on 14 August 2021. Retrieved on 14 July 2021.
  8. ↑ Canadian Climate Normals. Environment and Climate Change Canada (11 June 2019). Archived from the original on 27 February 2014. Retrieved on 24 October 2015.
  9. ↑ Info Sheet – The Mi'kmaq. museum.novascotia.ca. Archived from the original on 22 November 2021. Retrieved on 2 July 2019.
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 Elder (1871). The North American Review. Vol. 112, No. 230. 
  11. ↑ Rand (1894). Legends of the Micmacs. New York and London: Longman, Green, and Co.. 
  12. ↑ Morton (30 November 1999). Canada: A Millennium Portrait. Dundurn. ISBN 978-1-4597-1085-6. Retrieved on 31 October 2015. 
  13. ↑ John G. Reid.
  14. ↑ Until 1784, New Brunswick administratively formed part of Nova Scotia.
  15. ↑ Mascarene's Treaty of 1725. Archived from the original on 10 October 2017. Retrieved on 15 February 2016.
  16. ↑ Mascarene 'sTreaty of 1725. Archived from the original on 19 July 2019. Retrieved on 20 April 2020.
  17. ↑ Grenier, John.
  18. ↑ Thomas Beamish Akins History of Halifax, Brookhouse Press. 1895. (2002 edition), p. 7
  19. ↑ 19.0 19.1 Timeline History of the Nova Scotia Supreme Court. Archived from the original on 17 October 2013.
  20. ↑ Statutes at Large of Nova Scotia, Volume 1, 1758–1804. (24 March 2017). Archived from the original on 2 December 2017. Retrieved on 23 December 2013.
  21. ↑ Prince Edward Island | History, Population, & Facts | Britannica (en). www.britannica.com. Archived from the original on 22 December 2021. Retrieved on 5 February 2022.
  22. ↑ Boileau (2005). Half-Hearted Enemies: Nova Scotia, New England and the War of 1812. Halifax: Formac Publishing. ISBN 9780887806575. 
  23. ↑ Beck (1982). Joseph Howe: The Briton Becomes Canadian, 1848–1873. Kingston & Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press. ISBN 0-7735-0388-9. 
  24. ↑ (1999) in Magocsi: Encyclopedia of Canada's Peoples. Multicultural History Society of Ontario. ISBN 978-0-8020-2938-6. 
  25. ↑ Marquis, Greg.
  26. ↑ Gillies (19 April 2020). Gunman kills 16 in rampage, deadliest in Canadian history. Associated Press. Archived from the original on 19 April 2020. Retrieved on 22 April 2020.
  27. ↑ Statistics Canada (November 2017). Population by selected ethnic origins, by province and territory (2016 Census) (Nova Scotia). Archived from the original on 15 November 2021. Retrieved on 15 November 2021.
  28. ↑ Government of Canada (2022-08-17). Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population Profile table Nova Scotia [Province]. www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved on 2022-08-17.
  29. ↑ Detailed Mother Tongue (192), Single and Multiple Language Responses (3), Age Groups (7) and Sex (3) for the Population Excluding Institutional Residents of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2011 Census. Archived from the original on 30 August 2021. Retrieved on 16 March 2021.
  30. ↑ "Nova Scotia unveils Gaelic licence plate, as it seeks to expand language", Atlantic CTV News, 1 May 2018. Retrieved on 2 May 2018.
  31. ↑ Government of Canada (2022-10-26). Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population. www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved on 2022-11-09.
  32. ↑ Religions in Canada—Census 2011. Statistics Canada/Statistique Canada (8 May 2013). Archived from the original on 19 December 2015. Retrieved on 21 April 2020.
  33. ↑ A history and geography of Nova Scotia by John Burgess Calkin: p. 88
  34. ↑ Gross domestic product, expenditure-based, provincial and territorial, annual (x 1,000,000). statcan.gc.ca (19 November 2012). Archived from the original on 5 December 2021. Retrieved on 24 September 2019.
  35. ↑ Province of Nova Scotia. Archived from the original on 10 September 2013. Retrieved on 29 June 2012.
  36. ↑ Median total income, by family type, by province and territory. Statistics Canada (2017). Archived from the original on 6 December 2021. Retrieved on 18 September 2019.
  37. ↑ Median total income, by family type, by census metropolitan area. Statistics Canada (2017). Archived from the original on 6 December 2021. Retrieved on 18 September 2019.
  38. ↑ Tower Software. The Nova Scotian Economy. Archived from the original on 31 May 2010. Retrieved on 16 April 2010.
  39. ↑ Trade Team Nova Scotia. Fisheries & Aquaculture. Archived from the original on 6 June 2009. Retrieved on 16 April 2010.
  40. ↑ Fish in Crisis. The Starving Ocean. Archived from the original on 28 September 2021. Retrieved on 26 April 2007.
  41. ↑ 41.0 41.1 Nova Scotia Business Inc.
  42. ↑ Nova Scotia Film Development Corporation Production Statistics for the 12 Month Period Ended 31 March 2008.
  43. ↑ "N.S. film, TV jobs in rapid decline since elimination of film tax credit: NDP", CTV Atlantic, 11 November 2015. Retrieved on 13 February 2016.
  44. ↑ Trade Team Nova Scotia. Information and Communications Technology. Archived from the original on 6 July 2011. Retrieved on 16 April 2010.
  45. ↑ Invest in Canada. Nova Scotia. Archived from the original on 3 July 2010. Retrieved on 16 April 2010.
  46. ↑ Withers. "Michelin's future in Nova Scotia secure under new free trade deal, says Freeland", CBC News, 22 November 2018. Retrieved on 31 March 2020.
  47. ↑ Tourism Industry Association of Nova Scotia.
  48. ↑ 2010 Nova Scotia Tourism Indicators. Province of Nova Scotia. Archived from the original on 10 February 2012. Retrieved on 26 December 2011.
  49. ↑ Going Global, Staying Local: A Partnership Strategy for Export Development. Government of Nova Scotia. Archived from the original on 27 February 2021. Retrieved on 10 October 2008.
  50. ↑ Key Facts. Archived from the original on 16 May 2006. Retrieved on 16 April 2010.
  51. ↑ Pomegranate phone?
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