Mto Bani

Àtụ:Image frameOsimiri Bani bụ isi iyi nke osimiri Niger na Mali.[1] Ewubere osimiri ahụ site na nnabata nke osimiri Baoulé na Bagoé dị ihe dị ka 160 km (99 mi) n'akụkụ ọwụwa anyanwụ nke Bamako na ọ jikọtara ya na Niger dị nso na Mopti. Ogologo ya dị ihe dịka 1,100 km (680 mi).

Geography

Ụzọ Bani nwere atọ bụ isi: Baoulé nke na-ebili nso Odienné dị na Côte d'Ivoire ma na-agafe na ndịda Bougouni, tight Bagoé nke dị nso na Boundiali na Côte d'Ivoire na Banifing-Lotio nke na-agbapụta mpaghara. gburugburu Sikasso . Ebe mgbaba mmiri dị na Douna nwere mpaghara 102,000 km2 , 85% nke dị na nda Mali yana 15% na ugwu Côte d'Ivoire.

Mmiri mmiri mmiri kwa afọ na-adịgasị iche n'ofe mmiri mmiri na mpaghara ndịda dị na Côte d'Ivoire na-enweta 1,500 mm (59 na) otu afụ mgbe mpaghara ugwu dị na Douna na-enweta naanị 700 mm (28 na) . [4] [5] [6] N'ime oge 1965-1995, nkezi mmiri mmiri ozuzo kwa afọ maka basin bụ 1,100 mm (43 na) . [7] Mmiri na-ahụ n'anya n'oge, ọtụtụ mmiri ozuzo na-ezo n'etiti Mee na October. Oke mmiri ozuzo na-eme n'August.

Mwepu nke osimiri Bani na-adịkwa nke ukwuu n'oge, yana oke mmiri na-erute na njedebe nke September yana obere erute n'etiti February na June. Si ahụ ahụ na-abanye n'ime mpaghara Niger Delta n'ebe ugwu San na mgbe mmiri ozuzo kwa afọ, mmiri na-eju mmirika (a na-eji okwu French crue mgbe ụfọdụ) na-ekpuchi mmiri ozuzo..

Enwere ikike dị ama n'etiti apụ ọlụ na mmiri ozuzo na, n'ihi ya, na oke mmiri na-aṣọ na osimiri ahụ. Ụkọ chịchị nke na-akpa afọ ndị 1970 butere mbelata nke ukwuu n'ọsọ mmiri na ruo ugbu a, ahụhụ ka dị ala ụfọdụ nke a 1950 na 1960. Mbelata nke mmiri na-aṣọ asɔ dị ukwuu mbelata nke mmiri ozuzo. Nkezi mmiri ozuzo maka 1981-1989 bụ 20% agha nke 1961-1970 ebe mwụfu mmirika ahụ ibera site na 75%. kwuru nke mmiri mmiri obi ọjọọ adịchaghị njọ maka mpaghara ndị ọzọ nke Niger. N'otu oge ahụ, mmiri mmiri ozuzo dị 20% dị otú ahụ na-agbapụta mmiri nke dị n'Upper Niger, mana agụ pụtara na ụgbọ ibu Koulikoro bụ ikike 50% nke mbụ mbụ. [8] N'ihi mmiri mmiri dị n'ime ala ana ozi, ike n'ime otu afọ nwere oke mmiri mmiri, mwepu nke osimiri Bani dị obere n'ime iri afọ udu mmiri nke 1950s na 1960s. [7]

Talo Dam

N'afọ 2006, e wuru Talo Dam iji mee ka mmiri mmiri dị n'ịkpọ ndịda nke osimiri dị nso na San . Tupu e wuo mmiri mmiri ahụ, idei mmiri juru ebe ndị a n'afọ dị oke mmiri, nke kacha nso nso a mere na 1967. Dam ahụ dị 43 km (27 mi) ike San, 66 km (41 mi) ala Douna na 110 km (68 mi) elu nke Djenné . [1] Ihe ahụ na-arụ ọrụ dị ka wiir na mmiri ahụ nwere ike na-ahọfe n'elu ike ejigidere. Owuwu nke mmiri mmiri ahụ nwere nnukwu nnukwu. [10] A katọrọ ntule gburugburu ebe obibi nke African Development Bank [2] nyere maka na ha adịghị elele mmiri dị n'okpuru mmiri mmiri ahụ. anya. [12]

Mgbidi ejigidere bụ 5 m (16 ft) elu na 295 nkem (968 ft) n'ogologo, na-ebe nchekwa nwere ikike iji jide 0.18 kilomita mmiri. Mpịakọta nke a na-ele anya 1.3% nke nkezi kwa afọ mpụ nke osimiri (n'ime oge 1952-2002 nkezi mwepu bụ 13.4 km3 . [1] [2] Ọsọ mgbada nke 10 m / s nwere ike idowe ya n'oge. ọkọchị site na imepe ọnụ sluice Site na ozi e edi, ama akara ego ole n'ime mpụta a ga- maka ọrịa ogbugba mmiri n'ubi yana, n'ime mmiri a na- መሪ, ole ga-awụghachi azụ n'osimiri. ahụ.dị n'okpuru mmiri ahụ ga-abụ igbu oge ọbịbịa nke idei mmiri kwa afọ na ibelata ike ya.

Djenné Dam

Na Mee 2009, African Development Bank, ego maka mmiri mmiri mmiri nke a ga-arụ na Bani dị nso na Soala, obodo dị 12 km (7.5 mi) south Djenné. [1] [2] Dam ahụ bụ otu ihe n'ime mmemme mmemme afọ 6 nde USD 66 nke gụ iwu iwu mmiri n'osimiri Sankarani dị nso na Kourouba na ịgbatị ebe a na-agba mmiri site na Talo dam. Ihe eji Djenné a anti ga-ejigide 0.3 km3 mmiri, kariri mmiri mmiri Talo. [3] Ọ ga-ekwe ka "iju mmiri a na-achịkwa" nke 14,000 ha nke ɔdɔ mmirika Pondori (nke dị n'ụdị aka ekpe nke osimiri dị na nrịda Djenné) iji kwe ka teepu na ịgba mmiri nke 5000 ọzọ. ha maka itolite 'ahhịa na-ese n'elu mmiri' ( Echinochloa stagnina maara mpaghara dị ka bourgou ) maka nri anụmanụ..

A na-atụ anya na mmiri nke dams na idei nke Inland Niger Delta na mgbada Mopti ga-adị egwu, [18] n'ihi na Ido nke Bani bụ otu ụzọ n'ụzọ atọ nke Niger: maka oge 1952- 2002 nkezi eruba. na Douna dị 424 m /s akara 1,280 m / s maka Niger na Koulikoro . Àtụ:Image frame

Ihe ndetu

Ntụaka

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. Pages 30–31 contain a table dated 2003 prepared by J.R. Patenaude, giving values for the water flow in an average year (assumed to be 125 m³/s or 3.9 km³/y).
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. Also published in French with the title "Le Niger: une Artère vitale. Gestion efficace de l’eau dans le bassin du Haut Niger".