Mmiri na-abanye n'ime mmiri

Mmiri ikuku (VI) bụ usoro nke kemịkal dị n'ala ma ọ bụ mmiri dị n'okpuru ala - ọkachasị Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) - na-akwaga na ikuku dị n'ime ụlọ n'elu ebe emetọ.

Nkọwa

Ụlọ Ọrụ Na-ahụ Maka Nchebe Gburugburu Ebe Obibi nke United States na-akọwa intrusion nke ikuku dị ka "ịkwaga nke kemịkal na-agbaze agbaze site na mmetọ mmiri ma ọ bụ ala emetọ n'ime ụlọ dị n'elu". Chemicals nwere ike ịbụ nke dị iche iche gụnyere volatile organic compounds (VOCs), ụfọdụ semi-volatile organic compound (SVOCs) na inorganic chemicals, dị ka elemental mercury, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), na-apụta na radon, na hydrogen sulfide.^[1]

Nchegbu

N'ụzọ kachasị njọ, ikuku ikuku nwere ike ịbụ ihe ize ndụ nchekwa, dịka ọmụmaatụ, mgbe ihe na-ere ọkụ na-etinye aka n'ụdị mgbawa. Mmiri na-egbu egbu nwere ike ịkpata mmetụta ahụike, ma ọ bụ nke siri ike dị ka nsogbu CNS dị ka isi ọwụwa ma ọ bụ mgbanwe ọnọdụ uche, ha nwekwara ike inwe mmetụta ahụike na-adịghị ala ala, dịka radon, nke nwere ike ịkpalite ọrịa kansa akpa ume. N'ikpeazụ, anwụrụ ọkụ nwere ike ịbụ "nsogbu mara mma" siri ike, dịka, ísì sitere na hydrogen sulfide.^[1]

Na United States, a na-edozi ntinye nke uzuoku na steeti ndị mmadụ n'otu n'otu n'ụzọ dị iche iche..

Ngalaba Ahụike nke New York wepụtara ntụziaka na-emeghe ụzọ na intrusion nke ikuku n'afọ 2006.^[2]

Na June 2010, American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM International) wepụtara azụmahịa "Standard Guide for Vapor Encroachment Screening on Property Involved in Real Estate Transactions" (ASTM E 260010).^[3]

N'afọ 2002, US EPA nyere ntuziaka mbụ ya na isiokwu ahụ.^[4] Nchịkwa George W. Bush kwụsịrị ọrụ ahụ n'afọ 2003, ọ bụkwa naanị n'afọ 2013 ka onye Obama họpụtara dị ka onye enyemaka nchịkwa EPA na Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response, mere ka ọ bụrụ ihe kachasị mkpa iji mezue akwụkwọ ahụ. Na June 11, 2015, EPA wepụtara ntụzịaka nka nka na vapor intrusion ikpeazụ ya, yana ntuziaka nka maka ị na-agwa okwu ntinye vapor Petroleum na saịtị ebe nchekwa nchekwa dị n'okpuru ala. Ntuziaka abụghị ụkpụrụ ma ọ bụ ụkpụrụ, kama ọ bụ nduzi.^[5]

Hụkwa Ihe Ọzọ

Superfund maka ndepụta nke Ebe Ọrụ Nchebe Gburugburu Ebe Obibi Superfund
Trichloroethylene (TCE) maka mkparịta ụka banyere kemịkalụ ahụ
Steam Intrusion (DTSC)

Edensibia

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 What is Vapor Intrusion?. US EPA (30 September 2015). Retrieved on 9 May 2016.
↑ Guidance for Evaluating Soil Vapor Intrusion in the State of New York Final Soil Vapor Intrusion Guidance, 92pp, October 2006.
↑ ASTM E2600-10 Standard Guide for Vapor Encroachment Screening on Property Involved in Real Estate Transactions. ASTM International (1 June 2010).
↑ OSWER Draft Guidance for Evaluating the Vapor Intrusion to Indoor Air Pathway from Groundwater and Soils (Subsurface Vapor Intrusion Guidance). Environmental Protection Agency (2002-11-29).
↑ OSWER Technical Guide for Assessing and Mitigating the Vapor Intrusion Pathway from Subsurface Vapor Sources to Indoor Air.. US EPA (11 June 2015). Retrieved on 29 August 2015.

[epa-1] 1.0 ^1.1 What is Vapor Intrusion?. US EPA (30 September 2015). Retrieved on 9 May 2016.

[2] Guidance for Evaluating Soil Vapor Intrusion in the State of New York Final Soil Vapor Intrusion Guidance, 92pp, October 2006.

[3] ASTM E2600-10 Standard Guide for Vapor Encroachment Screening on Property Involved in Real Estate Transactions. ASTM International (1 June 2010).

[4] OSWER Draft Guidance for Evaluating the Vapor Intrusion to Indoor Air Pathway from Groundwater and Soils (Subsurface Vapor Intrusion Guidance). Environmental Protection Agency (2002-11-29).

[oswer-5] OSWER Technical Guide for Assessing and Mitigating the Vapor Intrusion Pathway from Subsurface Vapor Sources to Indoor Air.. US EPA (11 June 2015). Retrieved on 29 August 2015.

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