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Marta Beatriz Roque

Marta Beatriz Roque Cabello (amụrụ 16 Mee 1945) bụ onye ndọrọndọrọ ọchịchị Cuba. Ọ bụ onye na-ahụ maka akụ na ụba site na ọzụzụ na onye nchoputa na onye nduzi nke Cuban Institute of Independent Economists. Agence France-Presse kọwara ya n'afọ 2007 dị ka onye Cuba na-edu ndú na-emegide ọchịchị.[1]

Marta Beatriz Roque Cabello
A mụrụ ya 16 Mee 1945
Ọrụ onye na-ahụ maka akụ na ụba
Nhazi Mgbakọ iji kwalite ọha mmadụ na Cuba
A maara ya maka  ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na-emegide onwe ya, ịtụ mkpọrọ
Onyinye Heinz R. Pagels Human Rights of Scientists Award (2002)

Ìgwè nke Anọ

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N'afọ 1997, Roque, Vladimiro Roca, Felix Bonne na Rene Gomez Manzano bipụtara akwụkwọ akpọrọ "The Homeland Belongs to All," nke tụlere ọnọdụ ikike mmadụ nke Cuba ma kpọọ maka mgbanwe ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na akụ na ụba.[2] Ha rịọkwara ka a kwụsị ntuli aka na usoro otu pati nke Cuba na ndị na-etinye ego ka ha zere Cuba, na-enye ọtụtụ nzukọ akụkọ iji kwurịta nchegbu ha. [3][4]

E jidere mmadụ anọ ahụ n'ebughị ụzọ kpee ha ikpe ruo ọnwa iri na itoolu.[5] N'ọnwa Mee afọ 1998, Roque si n'ụlọ mkpọrọ wepụta akwụkwọ ozi e dere na akwụkwọ mposi, na-agwa ndị nta akụkọ mba ọzọ na mmadụ anọ ahụ na-ata ahụhụ site na nlekọta ahụike na nkuzi ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị.[6] A nwara ha anọ ahụ maka ịgba ọchịchị mgba okpuru na March 1999[1] n'ime ikpe otu ụbọchị mechiri ndị nta akụkọ si mba ọzọ.[2] A bịara mara ndị a na-azara ọnụ dị ka "Otu nke anọ".[3] A mara Roque ikpe ịga mkpọrọ afọ atọ na ọkara, mana ọ nwetara ikike ịgba akwụkwọ n'okwu ya mgbe ọ kwụsịrị ọrụ agụụ na June 1999.[2] US, EU, Canada na Vatican kpọrọ oku ka a tọhapụ ya.[4] N'ikpeazụ, ọ jere ozi naanị ọnwa ole na ole nke ikpe ya [3] wee hapụ ya na Mee 2002. [7][3]

A tọhapụrụ ndị ọzọ so n'ìgwè nke anọ n'otu oge ahụ. N'ọnwa Nọvemba afọ 2000, mmadụ anọ ahụ bipụtara edemede ọzọ, nke akpọrọ "Social Facets", dịka Onye isi ala Fidel Castro gara nzukọ na Panama. Edemede ahụ kwuru na e mere agụmakwụkwọ Cuban iji kụziere ụmụaka, na ọtụtụ ụmụaka na-eri nri na-adịghị mma n'ihi ụkọ nri, nakwa na a na-enye ndị mba ọzọ nọ na Cuba ihe ùgwù dị ka ụgbọala, kọmputa, na ekwentị mkpanaaka nke ndị Cuban nkịtị na-abụghị.[8]

Mgbalị ndị e mere mgbe e mesịrị

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Na Maachị 2003, ya na ndị ọzọ jụrụ ajụ EU ka ha na Cuba bịanye aka n'akwụkwọ nkwekọrịta azụmahịa ruo mgbe ndekọ ikike mmadụ ka mma.[1] Ọ malitekwara iwere agụụ na-agụ ka a tọhapụ ndị mkpọrọ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị.[9]

E jidere ya n'otu ọnwa ahụ ya na ndị ọzọ 74 na-emegide ihe ụfọdụ kpọrọ "Black Spring" mmegide. N'abalị atọ n'ọnwa Eprel afọ 2003, a kpere Roque ikpe ma maa ya ikpe otu ụbọchị.[10] PEN International kọrọ na e nyere ya na ndị ọzọ a na-ebo ebubo oge ezughi ezu iji kwadebe ikpe.[11] A mara Roque ikpe ịga mkpọrọ afọ iri abụọ maka "omume megide nnwere onwe ma ọ bụ iguzosi ike n'ezi ihe nke steeti". Amnesty International nabatara ya dị ka Onye mkpọrọ nke akọ na uche, a kpọkwara nwanne nwanyị Roque bụ Isabel ka ọ zute Onye isi ala US George W. Bush na Washington, D.C. iji kwurịta okwu ahụ. [12][13]

Akụkọ kwuru na Roque tụfuru kilogram 30 (14 kg) mgbe a tụrụ ya mkpọrọ n'ihi vomiting na afọ ọsịsa wee nọrọ n'ụlọ ọgwụ na Julaị 2003. Na 22 Julaị 2004, [1] A tọhapụrụ Roque n'ụlọ mkpọrọ n'oge n'ihi ahụ ike ya dara adalata.[11][14][11]

N'afọ 2005, Roque guzobere Assembly to Promote Civil Society in Cuba (Asamblea para Promover la Sociedad Civil en Cuba), na-eje ozi dị ka onye nduzi nke nzukọ ahụ. Onye na-ahazi Varela Project bụ Oswaldo Payá na Roque sere okwu n'ihi nguzobe nke otu ahụ, na-ebo ya ebubo na ya na ndị ọrụ nchekwa na-arụkọ ọrụ iji kwado mmegide ọzọ.[15] Wayne Smith, onye bụbu onye isi nke US Interests Section na Havana, katọrọ otu ya dị ka "ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ na ọ ga-arụ ọrụ na US Interests Division", na-ekwu na nke a mebiri ntụkwasị obi ya na ndị Cuba.[16]

A kpọchiri ya ọzọ na 27 Septemba 2007 mgbe a manyere ya n'ụgbọ ala n'oge ngagharị iwe n'ụlọ minista na-ahụ maka ikpe ziri ezi nke Cuba. A kọrọ na ndị uweojii gwara ya na ha na-echebe ya pụọ na "iwe ndị mmadụ".[1]

Roque jụrụ ịhapụ Cuba, na-ekwu, "Anyị chọrọ ohere zuru ezu na ọha mmadụ anyị ma anyị na-arụ ọrụ maka nke a. Anyị kwesịrị ime oghere n'ime gọọmentị iji biri, iche echiche, ikwu okwu ... Anyị kwesịrị ịnọ ebe a. M karịsịa. Achọghị m ibi na mba m. Nke a bụ mba m na mba m chọrọ ihe anyị na-eme. "[17]

N'afọ 2012, o sonyeere n'ọgụ agụụ na-akwado ikike mmadụ na Cuba. Ndị mgbasa ozi Cuban gọọmentị gọnarịrị nsonye ya site n'igosi vidiyo nke ọ nabatara nri n'aka onye agbata obi. Gọọmenti jiri vidiyo ahụ gosi enweghị ntụkwasị obi nke ndị jụrụ oyi na Island.

Ọ na-enwe nnukwu ọdịiche na onye na-emegide Rosa María Paya Acevedo, nwa nwanyị nke onye na-eme ngagharị iwe Oswaldo Paya, na-ebo ya ebubo na ọ na-enweta uru na ncheta nna ya ma na-arụ ọrụ na mba ofesi, si otú a chebe ya pụọ na mmegide nke Gọọmentị Cuban.

Ihe nrite

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Ọ bụ onye natara 2002 Heinz R. Pagels Human Rights of Scientists Award nke New York Academy of Sciences [18] na onye otu nsọpụrụ nke Canadian, English, na Finnish PEN . [11]

Ọ bụ onye natara Ihe nrite 2024 International Women of Courage Award . [19]

Edensibia

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  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Cuba detains at least 21 dissidents: activist", September 27, 2007. Retrieved on July 26, 2012.. Agence France-Presse. 27 September 2007. Archived from the original on 3 January 2011. Retrieved 26 July 2012.
  2. ↑ The Homeland Belongs to Us All. Cubanet (June 27, 1997). Archived from the original on February 7, 2012. Retrieved on July 25, 2012.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Second Cuban dissident freed. BBC News (May 16, 2000). Retrieved on July 26, 2012.
  4. ↑ Third Cuban dissident freed. BBC News (May 24, 2000). Retrieved on July 27, 2012.
  5. ↑ World Is Watching Havana Trial Of Cubans Who Criticized System. South Florida Sun Sentinel (March 2, 1999). Archived from the original on 8 April 2014. Retrieved on July 26, 2012.
  6. ↑ Cuba's Imprisoned Dissidents. The New York Times (May 2, 1998). Retrieved on 27 July 2012.
  7. ↑ Remember Those Still In Prison. South Florida Sun-Sentinel (May 17, 2000). Archived from the original on 8 April 2014. Retrieved on July 26, 2012.
  8. ↑ Castro charge sparks arrests. BBC News (18 November 2000). Retrieved on 27 July 2012.
  9. ↑ Cuba urged to end crackdown. BBC (March 22, 2003). Retrieved on July 26, 2012.
  10. ↑ Martha Beatriz Roque Cabello (1945) (en). www.memoryofnations.eu. Retrieved on 2024-01-31.
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 11.3 Marta Beatriz Roque. English PEN (November 27, 2006). Archived from the original on August 29, 2012. Retrieved on July 26, 2012.. English PEN. 27 November 2006. Retrieved 26 July 2012.
  12. ↑ UA 97/07 Fear for safety/Fear of arbitrary detention. Amnesty International (April 24, 2007). Retrieved on January 22, 2012.
  13. ↑ Rafael Lorente (May 21, 2003). President: No Changes On Cuba. South Florida Sun Sentinel. Archived from the original on 1 December 2015. Retrieved on July 26, 2012.
  14. ↑ Prisoners of conscience: 71 longing for freedom. Amnesty International (18 March 2005). Retrieved on July 25, 2012.
  15. ↑ Cuba dissidents debate democracy. BBC News (May 21, 2005). Retrieved on July 24, 2012.
  16. ↑ Wayne S. Smith (August 6, 2005). 'Last Throes' Only In Eye Of Delusional Bush. South Florida Sun Sentinel. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved on July 26, 2012.
  17. ↑ Daniel Schweimler (19 March 2001). Cuba's local dissidents speak out. BBC News. Retrieved on July 26, 2012.
  18. ↑ 2002 Heinz R. Pagels Human Rights Awards. New York Academy of Sciences (September 25, 2002). Archived from the original on 28 April 2015. Retrieved on July 25, 2012.
  19. ↑ Rodríguez. "Cuban political dissident to receive 2024 International Women of Courage award by US government", AP News, 1 March 2024.

Njikọ mpụga

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  • Asamblea para Promover la Sociedad Civil en Cuba official website (n'asụsụ Spanish)
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