Maay Maay
| Mai-Mai Af- Mai-Mai | ||
|---|---|---|
| Spoken in: | Somalia; significant communities in Ethiopia, Kenya, North America, and Yemen. | |
| Total speakers: | 9.3 million in Somalia | |
| Language family: | Tafrusyawit Cushitic Lowland East Somali Mai-MaiÀtụ:Infobox Language/scriptÀtụ:Infobox Language/official | |
| Language codes | ||
| ISO 639-1: | none | |
| ISO 639-2: | — | |
| ISO 639-3: | ymm | |
| Note: This page may contain IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode. | ||
Mai-Mai, nke a na-asụgharịkarị Maay Maay (nke a makwaara dị ka Af-Maay, Af-Maymay, ma ọ bụ naanị Maay; a naghị ejikarị mkpụrụ okwu Mai-Mai eme ihe mana a na-asụkarị ya), so na ya. Somali nke alaka Cushitic nke ezinụlọ Afro-Asiatic.[1] A na-asụkarị ya na Somalia na mpaghara ndị dị nso na Etiopia na Kenya. Na Somalia, a na-asụ ya na steeti South West, Jubaland steeti na Banadir. Ọ bụ otu n'ime isi olumba abụọ nkeasụsụ Somali.[2]
Nchịkọta dezie
E kewara ụdị asụsụ Somali dị iche iche ụzọ atọ: Northern, Benaadir na Maay. Northern Somali (ma ọ bụ Northern-Central Somali) bụ ntọala maka Standard Somali.
Maay bụ nke ndị Digil na Mirifle (Rahanweyn) na-asụkarị na mpaghara ndịda Somalia, ọkachasị na South West. Ebe a na-asụ ya na-agbasa site n'ókè ndịda ọdịda anyanwụ ya na Etiopia ruo mpaghara dị nso n'ụsọ oké osimiri n'etiti Mogadishu na Kismayo, gụnyere obodo Baidoa.[3] Maay na Northern Somali ma ọ bụ Benadir enweghị nghọta, ọ dịkwa iche na nhazi ahịrịokwu na phonology.[4] A naghị ejikarị ya eme ihe na agụmakwụkwọ ma ọ bụ mgbasa ozi. Otú ọ dị, ndị na-asụ Maay na-ejikarị Standard Somali dị ka asụsụ.[3] A na-amụta ya site na nkwukọrịta ọha na eze, mbata n'ime, na ime obodo.[4]
Ọ bụ ezie na ndị ọkà mmụta gara aga nọgidere na-eche na Maay enweghị nghọta na Northern Somali, e mere ya na-enweghị nwale ya. Nnyocha Deqa Hassan mere n'oge na-adịbeghị anya nwalere nghọta n'etiti ndị na-asụ Af-Maay na Af-Maxaa (Northern Somali).
Nnyocha ahụ chọpụtara na Af-Maay nwere nghọta nke ọma na Af-Maxaa (Ndị na-ekwu okwu ugwu) yana nghọta na-abawanye na nghọta Standard Somali. Nke pụtara nghọta maka ọkọlọtọ Somali (Northern Somali) na-abawanye ohere ịghọta Af-Maay. Nke a bụ ihe kacha mkpa n'asụsụ dị iche iche jikọtara asụsụ abụọ ahụ ọnụ. Ya mere a na-ekewa Af-Maay dị ka olumba Ụdị 5 maka akụkọ ọdịnala na-agbasawanye nke ya na ndị ọkà okwu Af-Maịkọ na-akọwapụta ntakịrị nghọta ya.
Asụsụ dezie
Ọmụmụ ụdaolu dezie
Mkpụrụ okwu dezie
| Akụkụ abụọ | Ezé egbugbere ọnụ<br id="mwRA"><br><br><br> | Ezé ezé | Alveolar | Ọkpụkpụ akpịrị<br id="mwSw"><br><br><br> | Palatal | Velar | Ọkụ | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kwụsị | enweghị olu | p | t | k | ʔ | ||||
| kwuru okwu | b | d | ɡ | ||||||
| implosive | ɗ | ʼj | ɠ | ||||||
| Africate | dʒ | ||||||||
| Ihe na-esiri ike | β | f | ð | s | ʃ | [ɣ] | h | ||
| Ụgbọ imi | m | n | ɲ | [ŋ] | |||||
| Rhotic | r | ||||||||
| Akụkụ | l | ||||||||
| Ihe atụ | w | j | |||||||
Consonant imi na-aga n'ihu a /n/ ụda ga-adị ka ụda [ŋ] mgbe niile. A [ɣ] ụda bụ ihe intervocalic allophone nke /ɡ/.
| N'ihu | Central | Nlaghachi | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N'akụkụ | i iː | u uː | ||
| N'etiti | e eː | o oː | ||
| Emeghe | a aː | |||
Maay Maay na-egosipụta ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ukwuu nke epenthesis, na-etinye ụdaume etiti ma ọ bụ nke dị elu iji kewaa ụyọkọ ụdaume. Ogologo ụdaume dị iche; obere ụzọ abụọ dị ka bur ' ntụ ọka' na buur 'ugwu' na-agba akaebe.
Maay Maay bụ ihe na-agwụ ike. O nwere ụdị ngwaa dị mgbagwoju anya, na-atụgharị ma ọ dịkarịa ala maka ihe dị egwu / akụkụ na mmadụ / ọnụọgụ nke ma isiokwu na ihe. Enwekwara nganiihu na-egosi mgbaghara. Na mgbakwunye, ngwaa na-egosipụta morphology ewepụtara, gụnyere ihe kpatara na ngwa. Ngụkọta ọnụ ọgụgụ na-agụnye mgbakwunye mkpezi, nke ụdị ya dabere na okike nke aha isi, yana suffixes nwere.
Maay Maay na-egosipụta usoro okwu SVO na SOV, o doro anya na ọ dị iche iche n'efu. Mgbe ihe ahụ bụ postverbal, prefix maay na-apụta na ngwaa. N'ime ahịrịokwu aha, aha isi bụ nke mbụ. Possessors, adjectives na ụfọdụ quantifiers siri ike na-agbaso aha isi. Nọmba na ọnụọgụ a na-amaghị ama na-ebute aha isi.
Maay jigidere omenala ọnụ na uri na-akpali akpali nke dị iche na ụdị ugwu ama ama karịa. N'ebe ndịda Somalia, onye na-ede uri na onye na-agụ akwụkwọ ga-abụ otu. Ọkachamara ethnology nke Britain bụ Virginia Luling kwuru n'oge ọ gara Afgooye na a ga-atụgharị uri ma gụọ ya n'otu oge na-enweghị nkwadebe mbụ. Ndị na-ede uri ma ọ bụ Laashin dabere na amamihe ha na ebe nchekwa ha wee wuo uri mara mma ma mee ndị na-ege ntị ụtọ.
Geledi Laashins n'oge Luling nọrọ na Afgooye n'afọ 1989 bụrụ abụ banyere nsogbu zuru ohi ala nke gọọmentị Somalia. A gwara Sultan n'ime uri ndị a ka o nyere obodo aka ma chetara ndị nna nna ya Gobroon nke ọtụtụ narị afọ gara aga.[5]
Egwu mgbe ahụ, iwu abụghị iwu a bụ nke onye ndu Laashins of Afgooye, Hiraabey, Muuse Cusmaan na Abukar Cali Goitow na ndị ọzọ mere, gwara onye isi ugbu a Sultan Subuge. Ọ kpalitere ncheta nke Geledi Sultanate dị ike nke afọ gara aga ma bụrụkwa ọdịiche dị ukwuu na ọnọdụ ha ugbu a.Here the richest selection of the poem Àtụ:Verse translation
Ganaane gubow gaala guuriow Gooble maahinoo Geelidle ma goynin |
You who burnt Ganaane and chased away the infidels |
| Iwu ahụ n'oge ahụ abụghị iwu a[6] |
- ↑ Unraveling Somalia: Race, Class, and the Legacy of Slavery - Page 67
- ↑ The Shaping of Somali Society Reconstructing the History of a Pastoral People, 1600-1900 Page 23
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Saeed (1999). Somali. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. ISBN 1-55619-224-X.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Maay - A language of Somalia. Ethnologue. Retrieved on 7 May 2013.
- ↑ Luling (1996). "'The Law Then Was Not This Law': Past and Present in Extemporized Verse at a Southern Somali Festival". African Languages and Cultures. Supplement No. 3: 213-228.
- ↑ Luling, Virginia (1996). "'The Law Then Was Not This Law': Past and Present in Extemporized Verse at a Southern Somali Festival". African Languages and Cultures. Supplement. No. 3: 213–228.