MV Iron Baron (1985)
MV Iron Baron (nke bụbu MV Ocean Express na MV Irrawaddy) bụ ụgbọ mmiri 37,557 dwt nke e wuru na 1985. Ọ bụ BHP Shipping kwụrụ ya ụgwọ na 1990.
Na 10 Julaị 1995 ọ na-eru nso na njedebe nke njem na-ebu 24,000 tọn manganese ore site na Groote Eylandt site na Port Kembla gaa n'ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri Bell Bay na ugwu Tasmania, Australia. Ọnọdụ ihu igwe n'oge ahụ bụ ugwu-ọdịda anyanwụ 37–46 km/h (20–25 knot) ifufe na oke osimiri dị mita abụọ. Ọ gbadara n'elu Hebe Reef ka ọ na-erute n'ọnụ mmiri Tamar wee malite ịgbanye mmanụ ọkụ bonka. A chụpụrụ ndị ọrụ ụgbọ mmiri ahụ n'enweghị nsogbu.[1]
Ọrụ nzọpụta malitere ma nwetaghachi ndị mbụ nwụrụ n'ihe omume ahụ, penguin nwụrụ anwụ na cormorants atọ nwụrụ anwụ, na 13 July. N'oge ahụ, a na-elekọta 200 penguins.[2]
Na 16 Julaị, ebugharị Iron Baron ma kwaga n'ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri dị n'ikpere mmiri. Nnyocha n'okpuru mmiri gosipụtara na ọ kpatala nnukwu mmebi ihe owuwu ma na-aga n'ihu na-akawanye njọ. Site na ihu igwe ọjọọ ọzọ, BHP kpebiri ịhapụ ụgbọ mmiri ahụ. A dọbara ya n'ebe a kwadoro maka ịhapụ ya nke dị kilota 85 (53 mi) n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ Flinders Island ebe ọ mikpuru na 30 Julaị.[1]
Mmetụta gburugburu ebe obibi
dezieIhe ruru tọn 325 nke mmanụ mmanụ bonka dị arọ ka wụfuru n'ụgbọ ahụ ka ọ na-agbada, na-atụgharị ma na-adọba n'ala a na-ekpofu ya..[3]
Ọtụtụ osimiri na agwaetiti dị n'ebe ugwu ọwụwa anyanwụ Tasmania metụtara ma mee nnukwu mkpocha na nnapụta anụ ọhịa.[1] Obere penguins nwere mmetụta dị njọ karịsịa na nnụnụ mmanụ 1894 anakọtara maka ọgwụgwọ na imezigharị.[3] E mere atụmatụ na e gburu puku mmadụ iri abụọ na puku isii na Ninth Island naanị.[1][4] N'afọ 2001, e mere atụmatụ na ọnwụ penguin dị n'etiti 10,000 na 20,000 nnụnụ.[3] N'afọ 2005, ntụgharị uche nke afọ 10 gachara na ihe merenụ degharịrị ọnụ ọgụgụ ahụ elu, na-eche na ọ ga-egbu penguin na 25,000.[5]
Edensibia
dezie- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Australian Maritime Safety Authority – Major Oil Spills in Australia: Iron Baron, Hebe Reef, Tasmania, 10 July 1995. Archived from the original on 2 March 2007. Retrieved on 31 August 2008."Australian Maritime Safety Authority – Major Oil Spills in Australia: Iron Baron, Hebe Reef, Tasmania, 10 July 1995". Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid
<ref>tag; name "AMSA" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ "Ship salvage goes on", Canberra Times (ACT : 1926 - 1995), 1995-07-13, pp. 5. Retrieved on 2020-04-22.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Davidson (2001-10-01). "Penguins and oil don't mix". ECOS. Retrieved on 2014-08-22. Davidson, Steven (1 October 2001). Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid
<ref>tag; name ":0" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ Brothers, Nigel; Pemberton, David; Pryor, Helen; & Halley, Vanessa. (2001).
- ↑ "Shipping industry reflects on Iron Baron spill" ABC News (2005-07-10).