Lake Chad flooded savanna

Ọdọ Mmiri Chad nke idei mmiri juputara na savanna bụ ala mmiri juru na savannas n'Africa. Ọ na-agụnye ala njikọ nke ide mmiri na-e Mega n'oge na nke na-adịgide adịgide na mpaghara ɔdɔ mmiri Chad na Central Africa, na-ekpuchikwa ndị nke Cameroon, Chad, Niger, na Nigeria .

Geography

Ɔdɔ mmirika Chad bụ nnukwu ịhụnanya mmiri na-emighị emi, nke dị n'etiti nnukwu mmiri mmiri mmiri mechiri emechi, na-eche ụzọ n'oké osimiri. Ọdọ mmiri Chad nwere mpaghara 2,381,635 square kilometa (919,554 sq mi) . otu ugwu nke efere ahụ bụ nkekpa nkụ ma ọ bụ nkekpa nkụ, na ọrịa ndị nwere ihu igwe na-ekpo ọkụ n'oge..

Savanna nke idei mmiri gbara gburugburu ɔdɔ mmiri ahụ. Sika Chari na Logone, nke na-aputa n'ebe ugwu site n'ugwu dị n'ama ọnụ mmiri dị na ndịda, na-enye 95% nke mmiri dị n'Ọdọ Mmiri Chad. jiha Yobe, nke na-ahọga n'ebe Iri banye na nstụtụ ugwu ɔdɔ mmiri ahụ, na-atụnye 2.5% nke mmiri na-abanye n'ọdọ mmiri ahụ.

N'agbanyeghị enweghị ụzọ ọpụpụ, Ọdọ Mmiri Chad nwere nnu dị ntakịrị. Mmiri dị nnu karịa na-emikpu n'ala ala ọdọ mmiri ahụ, ma na-esi n'ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri na-asọga n'ebe ugwu. Akụkụ ndịda nke ọdọ mmiri ahụ, bụ́ nke na-enweta ọ̀tụ̀tụ̀ mmiri ka ukwuu, na-adịkarịchaghị nnu karịa akụkụ ugwu.

Ecoregion gụ akara ala mmiri Hadejia-Nguru dị na ugwu Naijiria. Ala mmiri mmiri ndị a na-adị n'oge na-etolite n'otu nkwekọ nke Hadejia osimiri Jama'are, akụkụ nke ụzọ osimiri Yobe nke dị n'iddi-ama egwuregwu nke ɔdɔ mmiri ahụ. Ala mmiri mmiri ndị a ruo 6,000 km 2 n'oge osimiri 'n'ikpeazụ-August ọnụ ọgụgụ kasị elu, nke nwere oke mmiri dị 2,000 km2.

ụzọ ɔdɔ mmiri Chad nke ecoregion gbara Sahelian Acacia savanna ecoregion, eriri savanna akọrọ nke na-aga n'ihe ngosi ndị na-eme egwuregwu ese Africa na ndịda Ọzara Sahara . Ala mmiri Hadejia-Nguru dị na mpaghara savanna ahụ egwuregwu Sudan .

Ihu igwe

Ihu igwe dị ebe okpomọkụ na akọrọ, yana 320 mm nke mmiri ozuzo kwa afọ na ọdọ ahụ. A na-etinye oke mmiri ozuzo n'oge mmiri ozuzo June ruo Ọktoba. Machị ruo June na-ekpo ọkụ ma kpọọ nkụ, na ọnwa Nọvemba ruo February na ọnwa oyi na-ekpo ọkụ ma na-ekpo ọkụ. Evaporation karịrị oke mmiri ozuzo n'ime ọtụtụ ọnwa.

Osisi

Ọdọ mmiri ahụ na-agụnye ebe mmiri mepere emepe na akwa na-amị mkpụrụ na-emighị emi. Osisi ogbunigwe ndị a na-ama na ɔdɔ mmiri mmiri ndị na-egwu Cyperus papyrus, Phragmites mauritianus, na Vossia cuspidata . Phragmites australis na Typha domingensis na-eme na ɔdɔ mmirika nnu nnu. letus Nile ( Pistia stratiotes ) bụ osisi na-ese n'elu mmiri nke na-etolite nnukwu akwa mgbe ụfọdụ n'ofe ebe mmiri na-agụ.

Ahịhịa dị n'ụdị ebe idei mmiri na-eru n'oge na-adịgasị iche n'ịdị omimi na ogologo oge idei mmiri n'oge. A na-ahụ ala ala Yaéré n'ebe idei mmiri na-e ọgụ na nsõtụ nke ɔdɔ mmiri ahụ. Osisi ndị nwere ike ikwu Echinochloa pyramidalis, Vetiveria nigritana, Oryza longistaminata, na Hyparrhenia rufa . Ebe idei mmiri nke oge a na-adị obere ma dị, osisi na osisi dị, sitere na savannas ruo n'iji, nke a mara 'karal' ma ọ bụ 'firki' nke obodo. Acacia seyal bụ osisi kacha ewu ewu, nke nwere Acacia nilotica gburugburu nkụda ịgụ. Ahịhịa na osisi na-eto na mita 2 ruo 3 n'ịdị elu, Caperonia palustris, Echinochloa colona, Hibiscus asper, Hygrphila auriculata, Sorghum purpureosericeum, na Schoenfeldia gracilis

Anụ anụmanụ

Ala, idei mmiri juru na savannas bụ ebe obibi dị mkpa maka ọkụ mmiri, ndị njem Palearctic na-agafe oge oyi ebe a. Osisi prinia ( Prinia fluviatilis ) na nchara lark ( Mirafra rufa ) bụ ike ndị bi n'Ọdọ Chad nke ndị na savannas na ala mmirika ndị ọzọ na Sahel..

Egwu

Ọdọ mmiri ahụ adalatala nke ukwuu n'ime iri afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, na-aghọwanye nke na-emighị emi ma na-adị ntakịrị.

Ebe echedoro

Nnyocha e mere na 2017 chọpụtara na 14,732 km ², ma ọ bụ 46%, nke ecoregion dị na mpaghara echedoro.

Ntụaka

Njikọ mpụga

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