Wikipedia

Katọn

Katọn bụ igbe ma ọ bụ akpa a na-ejikarị bọọdụ nkwakọ ngwaahịa mmiri, bọọdụ na mgbe ụfọdụ a na-eji fiberboard corrugated eme ihe. A na-eji ọtụtụ ụdị katọn na nkwakọ ngwaahịa. Mgbe ụfọdụ, a na-akpọkwa katọn igbe.

Ihe atụ nke ọtụtụ ụdị katọn maka ngwaahịa dị iche iche

Ụdị katọn

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Ijikọta katọn

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Ihe a na-ahụkarị maka ịpị kaadị

Katọn bụ ụdị nkwakọ ngwaahịa a na-ejikarị bọọdụ dabara adaba maka nri, ọgwụ, ngwaike na ọtụtụ ụdị ngwaahịa ndị ọzọ. A na-ejikọkarị katọn mpịaji n'ime tube na ndị na-emepụta ya ma buga ya larịị (akụpịara) na ngwugwu. Ụdị tray nwere ala siri ike ma na-ebufekarị ya dị ka oghere dị larịị ma na-achịkọta ya site na ngwugwu. Ụfọdụ na-akwụkwa onwe ha elu. Ngwá ọrụ dị elu dị maka ịtọ, ibu, na mechie katọn.

Katọn àkwá

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Katọn àkwá a kpụrụ akpụ, Japan

A haziri katọn ma ọ bụ traị akwa iji chebe akwa zuru oke mgbe ha na-agafe. Na omenala, ihe ndị a bụ nke a kpụrụ akpụ. Nke a na-eji akwụkwọ akụkọ emegharịrị emegharịrị ka ọ bụrụ ọdịdị nke na-echebe akwa. N'oge na-adịbeghị anya, e mekwara katọn akwa site na polystyrene gbasaa na PET

Kaadị e sere eseptic

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Enwere ike ịmepụta kaadị maka mmiri site na laminates nke bọọdụ nkwakọba mmiri, foil, na polyethylene. Ọtụtụ n'ime ha dabere na usoro Tetra Pak ma ọ bụ SIG Combibloc.   [citation needed] Otu nhọrọ bụ ka e nye ya laminate e biri ebi na mpịakọta. A na-ebipụ kaadị ahụ, na-agba ya, ma mepụta ya na ngwugwu ahụ. Nhọrọ nke abụọ bụ iji nyefee tubes ndị a gbakọtara tupu oge eruo na ụlọ ọrụ nkwakọba ihe maka mmezu na imeju. Ndị a dị mma maka nhazi aseptic ma jiri ya mee ihe maka mmiri ara ehi, ofe, mmiri, wdg. Katọn ndị dabeere na mpempe akwụkwọ dị arọ karịa nke yiri ya, mana ọ na-esiri ike iji ya mee ihe ọzọ. Ụfọdụ ọrụ na-emeghe oghere na-emegharị ma ọ bụ na-eme ka katọn ndị dị larịị maka iji ya na ihe owuwu; a na-emechi oghere na ya site na ikewapụ ọkwa tupu nhazi, ọ bụ ezie na ụfọdụ ndị na-emeghachi omume na-emegharịa eriri kaadị.[1]

Katọn Perga

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Katọn Perga batara na mmepụta na 1932 dị ka ihe na-egbochi mgbapụta n'oge Agha Ụwa Mbụ. Jagenberg Werke AG, na Düsseldorf, Germany, nyere ikike imewe ahụ. Katọn ahụ nwere ọdịdị ribbed na aka akwụkwọ kpuchiri ya na ihe paraffin, nke nyere ihe owuwu a dụkọtara ọnụ site na ala ruo na mkpuchi. Ọtụtụ katọn nwere ikike nke 200 mL. Mmepe nke katọn ahụ belatara n'oge Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ, mana atụmatụ ahụ ga-ahụ mmeghachi omume n'ime ahịa Europe na 1960s.

Gable elu

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Gable elu katọn nke cream

A na-ejikarị katọn ndị dị n'elu eme ihe maka ngwaahịa mmiri dị ka mmiri ara ehi, mmiri, wdg. Ndị a na-eji mpempe akwụkwọ polyethylene-coated [2] ma ọ bụ mpempe akwụkwọ ndị ọzọ na-ekpuchi mmiri na mgbe ụfọdụ mpempe akwụkwọ. A na-emeghe ọtụtụ n'ime ha site na ịpị oghere ndị dị n'elu azụ ma dọrọ elu (spout) pụọ. Ụfọdụ nwere ihe eji enyere aka na imeghe na iri ihe dị n'ime ya [3] [4][5][6]

Katọn ihe ọṅụṅụ a na-etinye n'ime akwụkwọ (akụkọ ihe mere eme)

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Ihe ọṅụṅụ mpempe akwụkwọ Cuboid waxed, ihe mpempe akwụkwọ mpempe akwụkwọ e mepụtara ma mechie, bu ụzọ katọn mpempe akwụkwọ polyethylene-coated.[7] A na-eji ahịhịa akwụkwọ waxed mee ihe maka ịṅụ.[8] Borden kesara mmiri ara ehi n'ụzọ a.[9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]   [<span title="It's a statement about milk cartons. Not exactly controversial. (March 2023)">excessive citations</span>]

Akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ngwugwu

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Robert Gair bụ onye na-ebi akwụkwọ na Brooklyn na onye na-eme akpa akwụkwọ n'afọ 1870. Mgbe ọ na-ebipụta usoro nke akpa mkpụrụ, iwu ígwè a na-ejikarị eme ka akpa dị iche iche gbanwee n'ọnọdụ ma belata akpa ahụ. Gair kwubiri na ịkpụ na ịkpụpụta mpempe akwụkwọ n'otu ọrụ ga-enwe uru; e mepụtara kaadị mbụ a na-eme n'onwe ya, nke a na-akpọ ugbu a "nchịkọta na-agbanwe agbanwe".[20]

Katọn a pịrị apị

N'afọ 1817, mmepụta igbe kaadị azụmahịa mbụ malitere na England.[20] N'afọ 1879, Robert Gair, na Brooklyn, New York, na-arụ ọrụ n'ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe nke na-achị, na-ebi, ma na-etinye mpempe akwụkwọ n'ime otu foto nke katọn a fụchiri afụchi.[20] Ka ọ na-erule afọ 1896, ụlọ ọrụ National Biscuit Company bụ nke mbụ jiri katọn mee ihe iji pakọta crackers.[21]

N'ime afọ iri mbụ nke afọ 1900, G. W. Maxwell mepụtara kaadị mmiri ara ehi mbụ. [4]

Katọn mmiri ara ehi

N'afọ 1908, Dr. Winslow, nke Seattle, Washington, kọwara akpa mmiri ara ehi akwụkwọ nke a na-ere na San Francisco na Los Angeles n'afọ 1906. [7][22] Onye mepụtara kaadị a bụ G.W. Maxwell . [7] Ka e mesịrị, na 1915 John Van Wormer nke Toledo, Ohio, natara ikike ikike maka gable-topped, wax-coated, "akwụkwọ karama," a pịrị apị maka ijide mmiri ara ehi, na-akpọ ya "Pure-Pak". A pụrụ ịpị katọn mmiri ara ehi ahụ, tinye ya, jupụta ya na mmiri ara ehi. [23][24] N'afọ 1953, Seok-kyun Shin webatara katọn mmiri ara ehi dị n'elu gable na Korea. N'afọ ndị 1960, Mario Lepore, onye injinia Detroit mepụtara igwe iji fụchie ma mechie katọn akwụkwọ dị n'elu.   [citation needed]

N'afọ 1957, ụlọ ọrụ na-emepụta akwụkwọ mmiri ara ehi Kieckhefer Container Co. jikọtara ya na ụlọ ọrụ Weyerhauser Timber nke Tacoma, Washington.   [citation needed]

 
Katọn mmiri ara ehi tetrahedral

Ọ bụ ezie na a na-ejikarị ya eme ihe dị ka cuboid, ọ bụghị ihe a na-ahụkarị ịchọta katọn ndị na-enweghị akụkụ ziri ezi na akụkụ ziri ezi, dịka na squrounds eji eme ice cream.

Tetrahedron na ọdịdị ndị ọzọ dị. A na-eji katọn nwere akụkụ isii ma ọ bụ akụkụ asatọ eme ihe mgbe ụfọdụ maka ihe pụrụ iche.

Ihe onwunwe

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Enwere ike iji ọtụtụ ihe mee katọn: bọọdụ, duplex, kraft ọcha, arụgharịgharị na ọtụtụ plastik ndị ọzọ dị iche iche, ma ọ bụ ihe mejupụtara. Ụfọdụ bụ "ọkwa nri" maka ịkpọtụrụ nri ozugbo. A na-eji otu mpempe akwụkwọ eme ọtụtụ katọn. Dabere na mkpa ọ dị, enwere ike ịsa mpempe akwụkwọ a ma ọ bụ kpuchie ya na polyethylene iji mepụta ihe mgbochi mmiri. Nke a nwere ike ibu ngwaahịa mmiri mmiri ma ọ bụ mee ka ntụ ntụ kpọọ nkụ.

Ihe osise na ihe osise ndị ọzọ

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N'akụkọ ihe mere eme, katọn (nke a na-akpọ ụzọ French) bụ ihe osise dị na bọọdụ paste ma ọ bụ bọọdụ akwụkwọ, nke a na-eji dị ka ihe osise nke ndụ maka imepụta n'ụlọ ọrụ nke Tapestry bara uru, dị ka goblin. N'oge a na-akpa ya, ọ na-akwụnye n'azụ tapestry n'ime ya, usoro na-ewe oge n'echiche okike dị mfe na 'mechanical' painting-by-numbers.

Dị ka ndị a bara ezigbo uru, ndị na-azụ ihe osise kachasị baa ọgaranya na-enyekarị iwu, gụnyere ndị isi na-akwụnye ha n'obí ha ma na-eburu ha na njem ha dị ka ngosipụta nke akụ na ụba, mgbe mgbe na ozi anya, ọkachasị ụlọ ọrụ Flemish a ma ama n'ụwa ka a na-ewere dị ka ndị kwesịrị inwe katọn nke ụfọdụ ndị na-ese ihe osise nke oge ahụ mere, gụnyere ndị a ma ama dị ka Rubens.

N'afọ ndị 1980, katọn mmiri ara ehi na United States na-ebipụtakarị foto nke ụmụaka furu efu na olileanya na mmadụ ga-amata foto ahụ ma nye ndị uwe ojii ozi.

Ọtụtụ katọn mmiri ara ehi gụnyekwara mgbasa ozi na ndị nkwado. Ihe oyiyi na ndị nkwado ndị a sitere na DVD, Cereal, Cartoons, Frozen Dinners, na Albums.[25]

Katọn Nkume

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Carton-pierre bụ ihe e ji emepụta ihe ịchọ mma e wulitere maka mgbidi na n'uko ụlọ. Ihe mejupụtara ya bụ pulp akwụkwọ agwakọta ya na whiting (calcium carbonate n'ala) na gluu, nke a na-amanye ya n'ụdị plasta ejiri akwụkwọ kwado ya, wee wepụ ya n'ime ụlọ ihicha ka ọ sie ike. Ọ dị ike ma dị mfe karịa ihe ịchọ mma plasta-of-Paris a na-ahụkarị, ọ bụghịkwa nke a ga-agbaji ma ọ bụ gbajie ma ọ bụrụ na ejiri ihe ọ bụla tụọ ya.

Ihe ọṅụṅụ na ihe oriri ndị a hụrụ na katọn

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E nwere ọtụtụ ihe ọṅụṅụ na ihe oriri na-atọ ụtọ a na-ahụ n'ime ngwugwu katọn. Nke a gụnyere mmiri ara ehi, juzi, ihe na-acha ọcha, kọfị, protein shakes, mmiri, na ọbụna ihe oriri dị ka Goldfish na Whoppers.[26]

Hụkwa

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  • Igbe e ji machie ya
  • Tetra Pak
  • Elopak

Ihe edeturu

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  1. ↑ Jacewicz. "In The Recycling World, Why Are Some Cartons Such A Problem?", NPR, 9 March 2018. Retrieved on 27 September 2019.
  2. ↑ Carton Recycling. Carton Council. Archived from the original on 9 August 2021. Retrieved on 8 August 2021.
  3. ↑ A consumer favourite for more than a century. Elopak. Archived from the original on 6 May 2021. Retrieved on 6 May 2021.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Folded Paper Milk Carton – Ohio History Central. ohiohistorycentral.org. Archived from the original on 8 August 2021. Retrieved on 8 August 2021.
  5. ↑ Leahy (2016-01-08). Food Movers: Paper or Plastic?. Food+City. Archived from the original on 8 August 2021. Retrieved on 8 August 2021.
  6. ↑ Surprisingly History Facts of Paper Bottle and FFS Machine Templeeti:Pipe John Van Wormer (2021-02-26). Archived from the original on 26 February 2021.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 The Paper Beverage Carton: Past and Future. Institute of Food Technologists. Archived from the original on 8 August 2021. Retrieved on 8 August 2021. “The first records of paper being used to carry liquids on a commercial scale are found in reports, dated 1908, of a Dr. Winslow of Seattle. He remarked on paper milk containers which were invented and sold in San Francisco and Los Angeles by a G.W. Maxwell as early as 1906.”
  8. ↑ 1888 Heavy-Duty Paper Drinking Straws (Pack of 24). Archived from the original on 10 August 2021. Retrieved on 10 August 2021.
  9. ↑ Wax Paper Milk Carton (2021-08-08). Archived from the original on 8 August 2021.
  10. ↑ Wax Paper Milk Carton (2021-08-08). Archived from the original on 8 August 2021.
  11. ↑ Skookum Milk Waxed Carton. iCollect247 (2021-08-08). Archived from the original on 8 August 2021.
  12. ↑ Antiques, Art, Vintage. go Antiques (2021-08-08). Archived from the original on 8 August 2021.
  13. ↑ 2 Vintage Waxed Paper 1qt Milk Cartons Rocky Forest Dairy, Laceyville, Pennsylvania. eBay (2021-08-08). Archived from the original on 8 August 2021.
  14. ↑ Knudsen 1950's Dairy Half Pint Wax Paper Milk Carton. eBay (2021-08-08). Archived from the original on 8 August 2021.
  15. ↑ Wax Paper Milk Carton. eBay (2021-08-08). Archived from the original on 8 August 2021.
  16. ↑ Vintage Kitchen Décor Knudsen 1950's Dairy Half Pint Wax Paper Milk Carton. eBay. Archived from the original on 8 August 2021. Retrieved on 8 August 2021.
  17. ↑ Wax Paper Milk Carton. eBay (2021-08-08). Archived from the original on 8 August 2021.
  18. ↑ 2 Vintage Waxed Paper 1qt Milk Cartons RockyForest Dairy Laceyville Pennsylvania. eBay. Archived from the original on 8 August 2021. Retrieved on 8 August 2021.
  19. ↑ Wax Paper Milk Carton. eBay (2021-08-08). Archived from the original on 8 August 2021.
  20. ↑ 20.0 20.1 20.2 A History of Packaging. Archived from the original on 25 November 2017. Retrieved on 10 August 2021."A History of Packaging". Archived from the original on 25 November 2017. Retrieved 10 August 2021.
  21. ↑ (11 July 2000) The packaging designer's book of patterns. Bilimsel Eserler. ISBN 9780471385042. Retrieved on 10 August 2021. 
  22. ↑ Sullivan (26 December 2019). The best chocolate drinks (en). Karla Sullivan. Lifetime Chicago. Archived from the original on 6 May 2021. Retrieved on 6 May 2021. “(Photo) Bordens Dutch Chocolate”
  23. ↑ History. Elopak. Archived from the original on 6 May 2021. Retrieved on 6 May 2021. “1915 Patent for the gable-topped Pure-Pak granted 1936 First machines installed in US market”
  24. ↑ (22 September 2005) Food packaging: principles and practice. CRC Press. ISBN 9780849337758. Retrieved on 16 October 2020. 
  25. ↑ Gray. "Using Milk-Carton Ads to Build Strong Brands", The New York Times, 2009-08-27. Retrieved on 2023-04-17. (in en-US)
  26. ↑ admin (2016-12-07). Food and Beverages You Didn't Know Come in Cartons (en-US). Carton Council – Consumer. Archived from the original on 2023-04-20. Retrieved on 2023-04-21.

Ebem si dee

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  • Yam, K.L., "Encyclopedia of Packaging Technology", John Wiley & Sons, 2009,  
  • [1]
  • The Paper Beverage Carton: Oge gara aga na Ọdịnihu. 1 Julaị 2002, https://www.ift.org/news-and-publications/food-technology-magazine/issues/2002/July/features/the-paper-beverage-carton-past-and-future.
  • [2]
  • [3]
  • [4]
  1. ↑ Gable Top Cartons | Gable Top Packaging (en-US). Carton Service. Retrieved on 2023-04-16.
  2. ↑ Chertoff (2012-08-01). The Surprising History of the Milk Carton (en). The Atlantic. Retrieved on 2023-04-16.
  3. ↑ admin (2016-12-07). Food and Beverages You Didn't Know Come in Cartons (en-US). Carton Council – Consumer. Archived from the original on 2023-04-16. Retrieved on 2023-04-16.
  4. ↑ Gray. "Using Milk-Carton Ads to Build Strong Brands", The New York Times, 2009-08-27. Retrieved on 2023-04-16. (in en-US)
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