Jakob Karl Ernst Halm
| ụdịekere | nwoke  |
|---|---|
| mba o sị | South Africa |
| aha enyere | Jakob, Jacob |
| ụbọchị ọmụmụ ya | 30 Novemba 1866 |
| Ebe ọmụmụ | Bingen |
| Ụbọchị ọnwụ ya | 17 Julaị 1944 |
| Asụsụ obodo | Bekee |
| asụsụ ọ na-asụ, na-ede ma ọ bụ were na-ebinye aka | Bekee |
| ọrụ ọ na-arụ | Onye na-enyocha mbara igwe, physicist |
| onye were ọrụ | University of Strasbourg |
| ebe agụmakwụkwọ | University of Kiel |
| Ihe nrite | Makdougall Brisbane Prize |
| WikiProject na-elekọta ya | WikiProject Mathematics |
Jakob Karl Ernst Halm (1866 - 1944) [1][2] bụ onye ọsụ ụzọ nke kpakpando na onye mbụ tụrụ aro ịdị adị nke mmekọrịta oke-ìhè maka kpakpando.
Oge ọ malitere
dezieA mụrụ Halm na Bingen am Rhein, Alaeze nke Prussia na 30 Nọvemba 1866.
Mmụta
dezieHalm gara ụlọ akwụkwọ na Bingen ma mesịa gụọ akwụkwọ na Giessen, Berlin na Kiel. Ọ nwetara Ph.D. ya na Kiel na 1890 maka ọrụ na nhazi ọdịiche dị n'ahịrị.
Ọrụ
dezie Onye enyemaka na University Observatory, Strasbourg (1889-1895).Onye enyemaka klas mbụ na Royal Observatory Edinburgh (1895-1907).Onye isi enyemaka na Royal Observatory, Cape of Good Hope (1907-1927).
Enyemaka sayensị
dezieMgbe ọ nọ na Edinburgh, Halm jiri heliometer nye spectrograph nri iji mụọ ọdịiche dị iche iche nke ntụgharị anyanwụ na latitudes dị iche iche. Ọ chọpụtara na akara absorption dị nso na nsọtụ nke diski anyanwụ na-aga n'ihu na-acha ọbara ọbara, ma e jiri ya tụnyere ọnọdụ ha n'etiti. Nke [3] abụghị n'ihi mmetụta doro anya dị ka ntụgharị. O nyekwara nkọwa mbụ nke ihe a na-akpọ ugbu a profaịlụ P Cygni [4] [5] mgbe ọ na-atụle ụdị Nova Persei 1901.
Mgbe ọ nọ na Royal Observatory, Cape of Good Hope, ọ na-etinye aka na ọrụ na-esote na Cape Photographic Durchmusterung (CPD) nke David Gill na Jacobus Kapteyn na-eji ọsọ radial na mmegharị kwesịrị ekwesị. Nnyoch[6] a na-ahụ ugboro ugboro emeela ka Kapteyn chọta kpakpando abụọ na Halm nwere ike ịchọpụta nke atọ (Halm 1911) metụtara ihe ọ kpọrọ "Orion-type" kpakpando. Akwụkwọ a gara n'ihu na-ekwu na kpakpando yiri ka ha na-erubere nkesa Maxwellian isi, na-egosi nkwekọrịta nke ike, ya bụ, ndị na-adịchaghị arọ na-aga ngwa ngwa karịa ndị buru ibu. Mkpebi ya dabeere na ịdị arọ nke kpakpando sitere na ọtụtụ binaries a mụrụ nke ọma. Eddington[7] gosipụtara, Otú ọ dị, na mmekọrịta kpakpando, n'ihi ụkọ ha, enweghị ike ịmepụta nsonaazụ a. Otú ọ dị ọrụ Halm dị mkpa n'ịkwalite nyocha na isiokwu ahụ.
Akwụkwọ ahụ kwubiri na enwere mmekọrịta n'etiti ụdị spectral na ịdị arọ maka kpakpando. Nke [8] bụ ọkwa mbụ nke mmekọrịta oke-ìhè, nke ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ mechara kọwaa.Ọrụ [9] na mkpebi nke ịdị ukwuu site na mpempe akwụkwọ foto dugara ya na nghọta ka mma banyere ọdịda mmeghachi omume, nke o bipụtara akwụkwọ, [1] nke dugara na usoro Kron-Halm catenary.
N'afọ 1917, Halm bụ onye mbụ mere atụmatụ nke ngụkọta nke ọkụ kpakpando. [10] kpebiri na mkpochapụ interstellar na ịdị ukwuu bụ ihe dị okpukpu 1.22 karịa na-acha anụnụ anụnụ karịa na-ahụ anya.
Halm kwenyere [11] enwere ike ịkọwa ọtụtụ ihe ndị dị n'ụwa site na mgbasawanye na-aga n'ihu nke mkpo ụwa. Ọ bụ ezie na ọ kpatara mmasị dị ukwuu n'oge ahụ, ebe ọ bụ na ọbịbịa nke Echiche tectonic plate ya anaghịzi ele echiche mgbasawanye ya anya dị ka ihe ezi uche dị na ya.
Ọnwụ
dezieỌ nwụrụ na 17 Julaị 1944 na South Africa.
Edensibia
dezie- ↑ Glass (2014). "Jacob Karl Ernst Halm (1865-1944)". Monthly Notes of the Astronomical Society of South Africa 73 (2): 14–23.
- ↑ Poggendorff [1863 and later] (1863). Biographisch-Literarisches Handwörterbuch. Barth.
- ↑ Halm (1907). "Über eine bisher unbekannte Verschiebung der Fraunhoferschen Linien des Sonnenspektrums". Astronomische Nachrichten 173 (18–19): 273–288. DOI:10.1002/asna.19061731802.
- ↑ Halm (1904). "On Professor Seeliger's Theory of Temporary Stars". Proc. R. Soc. Edinburgh 25: 513–552. DOI:10.1017/S0370164600008725.
- ↑ Williams (2004). "Centenary (1904-2004) of the interpretation of the P Cygni profile". Newsletter, Society for the History of Astronomy 5 (5): 13.
- ↑ Halm (1911). "Stars, motion in space, etc. Further considerations relating to the systematic motions of the stars". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 71: 610–639. DOI:10.1093/mnras/71.8.610.
- ↑ Eddington (1914). Stellar Movements and the Structure of the Universe. Cambridge University Press.
- ↑ Kuiper (1938). "The Empirical Mass–Luminosity Relationship". Astrophysical Journal 88: 472–506. DOI:10.1086/143999.
- ↑ Halm (1915). "On the Determination of Fundamental Photographic Magnitudes". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 75: 150–177. DOI:10.1093/mnras/75.3.150.
- ↑ Halm (1917). "On the Question of Extinction of Light in Space and the Relations between Stellar Magnitudes, Distances and Proper Motions". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 77: 243–280. DOI:10.1093/mnras/77.3.243.
- ↑ Halm (1935). "An Astronomical Aspect of the Evolution of the Earth". Journal of the Astronomical Society of South Africa 4.