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Ihe na-adịghị anabata ya

 

Ihe na-adịghị anabata ya

Ihe nfukasi ahụ nke a makwaara dị ka ọrịa nfukasi , bụ ọnọdụ dị iche iche nke usoro ahụ ji alụso ọrịa ọgụ n'emetụta ihe ndị n'adịghị emerụ ahụ na gburugburu ebe obibi kpatara.[1] Ọrịa ndị a gụnyere hay fever, nri n'adịghị anabata, atopic dermatitis, ụkwara ume ọkụ na-adịghị mma, na anaphylaxis.[2] Mgbaàmà nwere ike ịgụnye anya n'acha ọbara ọbara, akpịrị ịkpọ nkụ, akpịrị, ụkwara, imi na-agba ọsọ, iku ume dị mkpụmkpụ, ma ọ bụ ọzịza.[3] Rịba ama na Enweghị ike ịnabata nri na nsị nri bụ ọnọdụ dị iche iche. [4][5]

Allerges nkịtị gụnyere ntụ ọka na nri ụfọdụ.[1] Ọla na ihe ndị ọzọ nwekwara ike ịkpata nsogbu ndị dị otú ahụ.[1] Nri, ịta ahụhụ, na ọgwụ bụ ihe n'akpata mmeghachi omume siri ike.[6] Ọganihu ha bụ n'ihi ihe ndị metụtara mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa na gburugburu ebe obibi.[2] Usoro dị n'okpuru n'agụnye Immunoglobulin E antibodies (IgE), akụkụ nke usoro ahụ ji alụso ọrịa ọgụ, n'ejikọta na ihe n'eme ka ahụ ghara ịnabata ihe na Mkpụrụ ndụ mast ma ọ bụ basophils ebe ọ n'akpali ntọhapụ nke kemịkal n'emebi ihe dịka histamine.[7] Nnyocha n'adabere na akụkọ ahụike mmadụ. [4] Nnyocha ọzọ nke akpụkpọ ahụ ma ọ bụ ọbara nwere ike ịba uru n'ọnọdụ ụfọdụ.[4] Otú ọ dị, ule ndị nwere ike ọ gaghị apụta na enwere nnukwu nsogbu na ihe ahụ a na-ekwu maka ya.[8]

Mmalite ikpuhe ụmụaka n'oge n'adịghị anya nwere ike ịbụ ihe n'echebe ha.[9] Ọgwụgwọ maka ihe nfukasi ahụ gụnyere izere ihe ndị a maara na ojiji nke ọgwụ dịka steroid na antihistamines.[10] Na mmeghachi omume siri ike, a n'atụ aro adrenaline (epinephrine). [11] Allergen immunotherapy, nke n'eji nwayọọ nwayọọ n'ekpughe ndị mmadụ na nnukwu ma buru ibu nke ihe nfukasi,ahụ bara uru maka ụdị ụfọdụ nke allergies dị ka hay fever na mmeghachi omume na ịta ahụhụ.[2] Ojiji ya na nri n'adịghị mma edoghị anya.[2][10]

Ọrịa n'adịghị anabata ihe bụ ihe a n'ahụkarị.[12] N'ime mba ndị mepere emepe, ihe dị ka 20% nke ndị mmadụ n'arịa ọrịa rhinitis, ihe dị ka 6% nke ndị mmadụ nwere ọ dịkarịa ala otu nri n'adịghị anabata nri, [13] na ihe dị ka 20 nwere ma ọ bụ nwee atopic dermatitis n'oge ụfọdụ.[4][9][14] Dabere na mba, ihe dị ka 1-18% nke ndị mmadụ nwere ụkwara ume ọkụ. [15][16] Anaphylaxis n'eme n'etiti 0.05-2% nke ndị mmadụ. [17] Ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ọtụtụ ọrịa na-adịghị anabata ihe yiri ka ọ n'arịwanye elu. [11][18][19] Clemens von Pirquet ji okwu ahụ bụ "allergy" mee ihe na 1906. [6]

Ihe ịrịba ama na mgbaàmà

dezie
Mmetụta ahụ Ihe ịrịba ama na mgbaàmà ndị a na-ahụkarị
N'imi Ọzịza nke mucosas imi (Rhinitis na-adịghị anabata) imi na-agba agba, na-eme mkpọtụịfụ ụfụ
Sinuses Ọrịa sinusitis na-adịghị anabata
Anya Ịdị uhie na ịta nke conjunctiva (conjunctivitis na-adịghị anabata, mmiri)
Ụgbọelu Ịkụ ụkwara, ụkwara, ịba ọwụwa, iku ume na iku ume ọkụ, mgbe ụfọdụ ọrịa ụkwara ume ọkụ, n'ọnọdụ ndị siri ike, ụzọ ikuku na-akwụsị n'ihi ọzịza a maara dị ka Ọrịa akpịrị ịkpọ nkụ
Ntị Mmetụta nke izu oke, ikekwe ihe mgbu, na nsogbu ịnụ ihe n'ihi enweghị mmiri na-esi na Eustachian tube.
Akpụkpọ ahụ Akpụkpọ ahụ, dị ka eczema na hives (urticaria)
Akwara eriri afọ Ihe mgbu afọ, ọzịza, ịgbọ agbọ, afọ ọsịsa
  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 (2007) The Nature of Disease: Pathology for the Health Professions. Baltimore, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ISBN 978-0-7817-5317-3.  Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid <ref> tag; name "Con2007" defined multiple times with different content
  2. ↑ Types of Allergic Diseases. NIAID (29 May 2015). Archived from the original on 17 June 2015. Retrieved on 17 June 2015.
  3. ↑ Environmental Allergies: Symptoms. NIAID (22 April 2015). Archived from the original on 18 June 2015. Retrieved on 19 June 2015.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (July 2012). Food Allergy An Overview. Archived from the original on 5 March 2016. Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid <ref> tag; name "NIH2012pdf" defined multiple times with different content
  5. ↑ (December 2002) "Cow's milk allergy versus cow milk intolerance". Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology 89 (6 Suppl 1): 56–60. DOI:10.1016/S1081-1206(10)62124-2. PMID 12487206. 
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 (2000) "Overview of 'allergy and allergic diseases: with a view to the future'". British Medical Bulletin 56 (4): 843–64. DOI:10.1258/0007142001903481. PMID 11359624. Kay AB (2000). "Overview of 'allergy and allergic diseases: with a view to the future'". British Medical Bulletin. 56 (4): 843–64. doi:10.1258/0007142001903481. PMID 11359624.
  7. ↑ How Does an Allergic Response Work?. NIAID (21 April 2015). Archived from the original on 18 June 2015. Retrieved on 20 June 2015.
  8. ↑ (December 2008) "Pearls and pitfalls of allergy diagnostic testing: report from the American College of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology/American Academy of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology Specific IgE Test Task Force". Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology 101 (6): 580–92. DOI:10.1016/S1081-1206(10)60220-7. PMID 19119701. 
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 (February 2014) "Food allergy: Epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment". The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 133 (2): 291–307; quiz 308. DOI:10.1016/j.jaci.2013.11.020. PMID 24388012.  Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid <ref> tag; name "Sic2014" defined multiple times with different content
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 Allergen Immunotherapy (22 April 2015). Archived from the original on 17 June 2015. Retrieved on 15 June 2015.
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 (October 2009) "Anaphylaxis: Recent advances in assessment and treatment". The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 124 (4): 625–36; quiz 637–38. DOI:10.1016/j.jaci.2009.08.025. PMID 19815109.  Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid <ref> tag; name "Review09" defined multiple times with different content
  12. ↑ Allergic Diseases. NIAID (21 May 2015). Archived from the original on 18 June 2015. Retrieved on 20 June 2015.
  13. ↑ (January 2015) "Clinical practice. Allergic rhinitis". The New England Journal of Medicine 372 (5): 456–63. DOI:10.1056/NEJMcp1412282. PMID 25629743. 
  14. ↑ (2014) "Atopic dermatitis: natural history, diagnosis, and treatment". ISRN Allergy 2014: 354250. DOI:10.1155/2014/354250. PMID 25006501. 
  15. ↑ Global Strategy for Asthma Management and Prevention: Updated 2015. Global Initiative for Asthma (2015). Archived from the original on 2015-10-17.
  16. ↑ Global Strategy for Asthma Management and Prevention 2–5. Global Initiative for Asthma (2011). Archived from the original on 2012-11-20.
  17. ↑ Leslie C. Grammer (2012). Patterson's Allergic Diseases, 7, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ISBN 978-1-4511-4863-3. 
  18. ↑ (February 2010) "Is the prevalence of asthma declining? Systematic review of epidemiological studies". Allergy 65 (2): 152–67. DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.2009.02244.x. PMID 19912154. 
  19. ↑ Increasing Rates of Allergies and Asthma. American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology.
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