Generative grammar
| obere ụdị nke | grammar  |
|---|---|
| A gụrụ aha | Noam Chomsky |
| Stack Exchange mkpado | https://linguistics.stackexchange.com/tags/generative-grammar |
Generative ụtọ ụtọ, ma ọ bụ generativism / ˈdʒɛ nərətɪvɪzəm / , [ 1 ] bụ echiche asụsụ na -eleba anya n'asụsụ dị ka ọmụmụ ihe nrụpụta n'ụkpụrụ grammatical ebumpụta ụwa. [1] Ọ bụ mgbanwe ndu [2] ma ọ bụ ihe gbasara ihe ndụ [3] nke echiche nhazi asụsụ mbụ, na-enweta n'ikpeazụ site na glossematics . [4] [5] [lower-alpha 1] ụtọ ụtọ asụsụ na-ewere ụtọ asụsụ dị ka usoro uru bara iwu nke na-ewepụta kpọmkwem nchikota okwu ndị ahụ na-etolite ahịrịokwu ụtọ asụsụ n'asụsụ e nyere. Ọdịiche dị n'ụdị nhazi na arụrụ arụ bụ na ihe a sitere na ntọala n'ime nkebiokwu ngwaa na ụtọ asụsụ. [6] [7] A na-eche na usoro ihe a na-ekwu na ọ bụ ihe amata bụ akụkụ nke ụtọ asụsụ zuru ụwa ọnụ, usoro ngbanwe nke mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa na-emeghari na mmadụ. [8]
Leonard Bloomfield, onye ọkà mmụta asụsụ na-akpa ike na omenala onye America hụrụ Pāṇini grammarian India oge ochie dị ka ihe mbụ nke nhazi. [9] [10] Otú ọ dị, na Aspects of the Theory of Syntax, Chomsky na-ede na "ọbụna ụtọ ụtọ Panini nwere ike ịkọwa dị ka" mpempe akwụkwọ nke ụtọ ụtọ, [11] echiche nke ọ kwughachiri n'okwu nnabata onyinye e wepụtara na India na 2001, bụ ebe o kwuru. na-ekwu na "asụsụ mbụ n'asụsụ nke oge a bụ ụtọ ụtọ nke Panini".
Enwere ike kọwapụta ụtọ asụsụ Generative ma jiri ya tụnyere enyemaka ndị ọchịchị Chomsky (nke Chomsky tụpụtara na 1950s). Nke a na-ewepụta usoro ma obu ilu obara nke ụdị ụtọ asụsụ nke nwere ike nkwuputa na-abawanye. N'ime ụdị ndị kachasị mfe bụ gramas oge niile (ụdị 3); Chomsky na-ekwu na ndị a ezughị oke dị ka ihe atụ maka asụsụ mmadụ, n'ihi nnabata nke etiti-itinye eriri n'ime eriri, n'asụsụ mmadụ niile.
Noam Chomsky, onye bụ isi na-akwado ụtọ ụtọ asụsụ, kwenyere na ọ chọtara ihe akaebe asụsụ na-amụtaghị ihe owuwu syntactic kama ọ 'nwetara' site na nwata site na ụtọ asụsụ ụwa. Nke a mere ka e guzobe ịda ogbenye nke arụmụka mkpali na 1980s. Agbanyeghị, ndị nkatọ kwuru na nyocha asụsụ Chomsky ezughị oke. [12] Emeela ọmụmụ asụsụ iji gosi na ụmụaka nwere ihe ọmụma ebumpụta ụwa nke ụtọ asụsụ nke ha na-agaghị amụta. Dị ka ihe atụ, e gosiri na nwa na-enweta bekee maara otú e si ama ọdịiche dị n'etiti ebe ngwaa na nkebi ahịrịokwu si na ebe ngwaa na ikwu nkebi ahịrịokwu. N'ime nnwale ahụ, a gwara ụmụaka ka ha tụgharịa ahịrịokwu nkwupụta nwere nkebi ahịrịokwu ka ọ bụrụ ahịrịokwu ajụjụ. N'ihe megidere atụmanya nke ndị nyocha ahụ, ụmụaka ebugharịghị ngwaa ahụ dị na nkebi ahịrịokwu ahụ gaa n'ọnọdụ mmalite nke ahịrịokwu ya, kama na ọnọdụ mmalite nkebiokwu bụ isi, dị ka ụtọasụsụ. [13] Otú ọ dị, ndị nkatọ rụtụrụ aka na nke a abụghị ihe àmà maka ịda ogbenye nke ihe mkpali ahụ n'ihi na ihe ndị dị n'okpuru ebe ụmụaka gosipụtara na ha nwere ike ịchịkwa bụ n'ezie ihe a na-ahụkarị na akwụkwọ ụmụaka na asụsụ kwa ụbọchị. [12] Nke a butere nrụrịta ụka kpụ ọkụ n'ọnụ nke butere njụta ụtọ asụsụ generative sitere na nkà mmụta akparamàgwà mmadụ ma tinye n'ọrụ asụsụ gburugburu 2000. [14] [15] Mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, ụfọdụ ndị ọkachamara na-arụ ụka na ọtụtụ iri afọ nke nyocha emela n'iyi n'ihi ụtọ asụsụ nke mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa, usoro nke na-emeghị ka ọ nwee mmetụta na-adịgide adịgide n'ọhịa. [15]
Edensibia
- ↑ Everaert (2015). "Structures, not strings: linguistics as part of the cognitive sciences". Trends in Cognitive Sciences 19 (12): 729–743. DOI:10.1016/j.tics.2015.09.008. PMID 26564247. Retrieved on 2020-01-05.
- ↑ Chomsky (2017). "The language capacity: architecture and evolution". Psychonomic Bulletin & Review 24 (24): 200–203. DOI:10.3758/s13423-016-1078-6. PMID 27368638.
- ↑ Kotowski (2011). "Recursion and the language faculty - on the evolution of the concept in Generative Grammar". Norddeutsches Linguistisches Kolloquium (12): 24–46. Retrieved on 2020-12-17.
- ↑ Seuren, Pieter A. M. (1998). Western linguistics: An historical introduction. Wiley-Blackwell, 160–167. ISBN 0-631-20891-7.
- ↑ Koerner (1978). "Towards a historiography of linguistics", Toward a Historiography of Linguistics: Selected Essays. John Benjamins, 21–54.
- ↑ Butler (2003). Structure and Function: A Guide to Three Major Structural-Functional Theories, part 1. John Benjamins, 121–124. ISBN 9781588113580. Retrieved on 2020-01-19.
- ↑ Osborne (2015). "Dependency Grammar", in Kiss: Syntax – Theory and Analysis. De Gruyter. ISBN 9783110358667.
- ↑ Berwick (2015). Why Only Us: Language and Evolution. MIT Press. ISBN 9780262034241.
- ↑ Bloomfield, Leonard, 1929, 274; cited in Rogers, David, 1987, 88
- ↑ Hockett, Charles, 1987, 41
- ↑ Noam. (2015). Aspects of the theory of syntax. The MIT Press, v. ISBN 978-0-262-52740-8. OCLC 1055331632.
- ↑ 12.0 12.1 Pullum (2002). "Empirical assessment of stimulus poverty arguments". The Linguistic Review 18 (1–2): 9–50. DOI:10.1515/tlir.19.1-2.9. Retrieved on 2020-02-28.
- ↑ Pinker (2007). The language instinct: The new science of language and mind.. Harper Perennial Modern Classics. ISBN 9780061336461.
- ↑ Fernald (2006). "27: Language learning in infancy", in Traxler and Gernsbacher: Handbook of Psycholinguistics. Academic Press, 1027–1071. ISBN 9780080466415.
- ↑ 15.0 15.1 de Bot (2015). A History of Applied Linguistics: From 1980 to the Present. Routledge. ISBN 9781138820654.