Fairview (usoro nlekota)
Fairview bụ mmemme nzuzo nke National Security Agency n' ụlọ ọrụ nkwukọrịta America AT&T na-arụkọ ọrụ ọnụ iji nakọta data ekwentị, ịntanetị n' e-mail karịsịa nke ụmụ amaala mba ọzọ na nnukwu ọdụ ụgbọ ala n' ọdụ mgbanwe n' ime United States. Ihe omume FAIRVIEW malitere n' 1985, otu afọ mgbe nkewa Bell gasịrị.[1]
Onye mmekọ ụlọ ọrụ
dezie"Onye mmekọ ụlọ ọrụ" maka imekọ ihe ọnụ n'okpuru mmemme FAIRVIEW bụ nke mbụ a chọpụtara n' October 23, 2013, site n' Washington Post - na-ehota ọkọ akụkọ ihe mere eme NSA Matthew Aid - dị ka[2]
Akụkọ jikọrọ aka nke ProPublica n' New York Times gosipụtara nke a site n' August 15, 2015, dabere n' akwụkwọ NSA nke na-akọwa ụlọ ọrụ ahụ dị ka "nkwado dị elu" ma na-eto ụlọ ọrụ ahụ maka "obi siri ike inyere aka".[1]
N'afọ 2011, NSA mefuru $ 18.9 nde n' mmemme ahụ, nke bụ okpukpu abụọ karịa n' mmemme ya nke abụọ kachasị ukwuu, STORMBREW.[1]
Ogologo usoro ihe omume ahụ
dezieDị ka mkpughe 2013 si kwuo site n' aka onye na-eme mkpesa Edward Snowden:
NSA na nnukwu ụlọ ọrụ nkwukọrịta US na-arụkọ ọrụ ... [nke] na-arụ ọrụ na nkwukọrịta n' mba ndị ọzọ, [nke] nyere ụlọ ọrụ US ohere ịnweta usoro nkwukọrịta nke mba ndị ahụ, a na-ejikwa ohere ahụ mee ihe iji duzie okporo ụzọ gaa n' ebe nchekwa NSA.[3]
Dabere na mkpughe, NSA anakọtara ijeri data 2.3 dị iche iche site n' ndị ọrụ Brazil na Jenụwarị 2013 naanị.[4]
Izu ole n' ole tupu mgbe ahụ, Snowden kpughere na NSA na-enwetakwa data ekwentị n' ozi ederede site n'aka ihe karịrị otu ijeri ndị debanyere aha n' China; Otú ọ dị, ọ dịghị aha mmemme a kọrọ n'oge ahụ.[5]
Ihe ngosi banyere mmemme FAIRVIEW nke a hụrụ n' telivishọn Brazil n' 2013 gosipụtara map nwere akara na United States niile, mana enweghị akụkọ ifo nke kọwara ihe ha na-anọchite anya. Site n' map yiri nke ahụ nwere akụkọ ifo kwesịrị ekwesị, nke e bipụtara n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ 2015, o doro anya n' n'afọ 2010 NSA nwere ohere ịnweta ụlọ ọrụ AT&T ndị a:[6]
- 8 Ebe ndị a na-ahụ anya n'ịntanetị
- 26 Ụlọ ọrụ VoIP
- 1 VoIP hub router facility (nke 30 atụmatụ)
- Ebe 9 nke ụgbọ mmiri na-ada (nke 7 na-eme atụmatụ)
- 16 4ESS circuit switching stations
Ndị na-ahụ maka iwu
dezieNchịkọta data n'okpuru mmemme FAIRVIEW na-ewere ọnọdụ n'okpuru ikike iwu dị iche iche: FISA, nke chọrọ akwụkwọ ikike nke onye ọ bụla site n' Ụlọikpe FISA, ngalaba 702 FAA maka mgbe otu njedebe nke nkwukọrịta bụ mba ọzọ, na Transit Authority maka mgbe njedebe abụọ nke nkwukọta bụ mba ọzọ.
N'okpuru mmemme FAIRVIEW, AT&T nyekwara NSA metadata ekwentị n'ime ụlọ n'ozuzu, nke e nyere ikike n'okpuru ngalaba 215 nke USA PATRIOT Act. Na mbụ, nke a sitere n' njikọ ekwentị, mana n' 2011, AT&T malitekwara ịnyefe data ekwentị mkpanaaka: ijeri 1.1 kwa ụbọchị.[1]
Mgbasa ozi metụtara FAIRVIEW
dezieNjikọ mpụga
dezie- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 New York Times, AT&T Helped U.S. Spy on Internet on a Vast Scale & Pro Publica, NSA Spying Relies on AT&T’s ‘Extreme Willingness to Help’, August 15, 2015.
- ↑ Emily Heil. "What's the deal with NSA's operation names?", The Washington Post, October 22, 2013. Retrieved on 2014-03-23.
- ↑ Glen Greenwald (July 7, 2013). The NSA's mass and indiscriminate spying on Brazilians. The Guardian. Archived from the original on September 7, 2013. Retrieved on 2013-08-11.
- ↑ Glenn Greenwald (July 6, 2013). EUA espionaram milhões de e-mails e ligações de brasileiros. O Globo. Archived from the original on January 25, 2014. Retrieved on 2014-03-23.
- ↑ Lana Lam (June 22, 2013). EXCLUSIVE: US spies on Chinese mobile phone companies, steals SMS data: Edward Snowden. South China Morning Post. Archived from the original on March 23, 2014. Retrieved on 2014-03-23.
- ↑ Electrospaces.net, FAIRVIEW: Collecting foreign intelligence inside the US, August 31, 2015