Cissie Cahalan
Cissie Cahalan (1876 - 27 Ọgọst 1948) bụ onye Irish na-ahụ maka ọrụ, onye na-ahụ Maka ụmụ nwanyị, na onye na-akwado ụmụ nwanyị.[1][2]
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Akụkọ ndụ dezie
A mụrụ Cahalan na Cork ma ọ bụ Tipperary, ọ bụkwa nwa nwanyị nke onye nkuzi ụlọ akwụkwọ.[1] Ọ rụrụ ọrụ na ụlọ ahịa dị n'obodo Dublin, ọkachasị na ụlọ ahịa ngalaba Arnotts.[1] Cahalan sonyere n'ọtụtụ òtù ndị na-eme ngagharị iwe. Ọ bụ onye otu Irish Drapers' Assistants' Association (IDAA), nakwa Irish Women's Franchise League (IWFL), malite na 1908.[1] A kọwara Cahalan dị ka otu n'ime naanị ụmụ nwanyị sitere na ndị na-arụ ọrụ na-arụsi ọrụ ike na Irish suffragette movement.[3]
N'afọ 1912, ọ bụ onye isi nke "Ladies Committee" nke alaka Dublin nke IDAA, ọ bụkwa onye na-enye aka na akwụkwọ akụkọ nke otu ahụ na-achịkwa.[1] N'otu afọ ahụ, ọ chọrọ nkwado nke Dublin Trades' Council maka ikike ụmụ nwanyị, na ọrụ ya dị ka onye nnọchi anya IWFL.[1] Cahalan nọ na kọmitii nduzi nke IWFL site na 1917-1918. N'oge ụfọdụ ọ rụkwara ọrụ dị ka odeakwụkwọ nke Irish Women's Franchise League. N'afọ 1917, ọ gara Irish Trades Union Congress dị ka onye nnọchi anya IDAA.[1] Ọ duziri ọgbaghara na Arnotts mgbe ọ na-arụ ọrụ n'ebe ahụ, ma nwee ihe ịga nke ọma n'inweta mmụba ụgwọ 30% .[1] Cahalan jere ozi dị ka onye isi oche nke IDAA ugboro atọ, a họpụtara ya na 1922, 1923, na 1924.[1] Dị ka akụkụ nke IDAA, ọ gara nke ọma na mkpọsa maka ụgwọ ọrụ kacha nta.[1] Site na 1922 ruo 1923, ọ nọkwa na kọmitii na-ahụ maka IDAA, mana ọ gbara arụkwaghịm iji mee mkpesa, na-ekwu maka enweghị ihe ọ bụla gbasara ịtụ mkpọrọ.[1]
Ọ gara n'ihu na-arụ ọrụ n'ụbọchị ya n'akụkụ ọrụ ya ruo 1932, ọ rụkwara ọrụ nwa oge na St Ultan's Hospital.[1][1] Ọ gara n'ihu na-ede maka akwụkwọ akụkọ union n'afọ ndị 1930.[1] Ọ lụrụ John Burns na 1932; Burns nwụrụ afọ anọ ka e mesịrị. Ọ bụ ezigbo enyi nke onye Irish na onye ibe ya bụ Hanna Sheehy-Skeffington.[1] Ọ nwụrụ na 27 August 1948.[1]
Echiche dezie
Cahalan nwere arụmụka a kpọsara nke ọma na onye otu ya bụ Louie Bennett na 1919, banyere isiokwu nke ịbụ onye otu ọrụ. Arụmụka ahụ mere n'ụdị ederede na akwụkwọ akụkọ The Irish Citizen . Ọ bụ ezie na Bennet kwadoro maka njikọ dị iche iche maka ụmụ nwanyị, Cahalan kwadoro njikọ ngwakọta, ma tinye ọrụ n'ahụ ụmụ nwanyị maka ịghara ịrịgo n'ọkwá ikike.[3] Cahalan kwukwara na òtù ndị na-ekewapụ onwe ha ga-enye ndị nwe ha ngwá ọrụ mgbe esemokwu bilitere.[3] N'otu edemede dị na The Irish Citizen, Cahalan kwetara na ịbanye ụmụ nwanyị n'òtù ndị ọrụ emeela ka ndị ọrụ nwoke na-emegide ha n'ihi ụgwọ ọrụ dị ala. Otú ọ dị, o kwuru na:
Onye na-emegide Agha Ụwa Mbụ, Cahalan hụkwara ya dị ka ohere iji melite ọnọdụ ọrụ maka ụmụ nwanyị, wee sonye na Kọmitii Ọrụ Ụmụ nwanyị.[4] O kwekwaara na ndị ọrụ na-emeghe ndị ọrụ niile (gụnyere ndị ikom na ndị inyom), ma mee mkpọsa maka ịkwụ ụgwọ nhata maka ndị ọrụ niile.[1]
Ihe odide dezie
- ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 1.12 1.13 1.14 1.15 1.16 Therese Moriarty (17 October 2012). Cissie Cahalan (1876–1948). Irishtimes.com. Retrieved on 14 September 2016.Therese Moriarty (17 October 2012). "Cissie Cahalan (1876–1948)". Irishtimes.com. Retrieved 14 September 2016. Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid
<ref>tag; name "Moriarty" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ Presentation at the George Brown Memorial Weekend, Inistioge, 28 June 2013 | Mary Muldowney. Academia.edu (28 June 2013). Retrieved on 14 September 2016.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Owens (2005). "Chapter 8: Trade Unions and Irish Women", A Social History of Women in Ireland, 1870–1970: An Exploration of the Changing Role and Status of Women in Irish Society. Gill & Macmillan. ISBN 9780717164554. Retrieved on 15 September 2016. Owens, Rosemary Cullen (2005). "Chapter 8: Trade Unions and Irish Women". A Social History of Women in Ireland, 1870–1970: An Exploration of the Changing Role and Status of Women in Irish Society. Gill & Macmillan. ISBN 9780717164554. Retrieved 15 September 2016. Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid
<ref>tag; name "Owens" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ Therese Moriarty (18 November 2015). Suffragettes at war. Irish Times. Retrieved on 14 September 2016.