Casa Blanca, Arizona
Casa Blanca ni mahali palipoteuliwa kwa sensa (CDP) katika Kata ya Pinal, Arizona, Marekani, iliyoko katika Jumuiya ya Wahindi ya Gila River. Idadi ya wakazi wake ni 1,388 katika sensa ya 2010.
Akụkọ ihe mere eme
dezieAfọ Antebellum
dezieCasa Blanca, ambayo zamani ilijulikana na Wamexico kama La Tierra Amontonada (Nchi Iliyorundikwa), iliyopewa jina la magofu ya karibu ya Hohokam, ilikuwa mojawapo ya vijiji vya Pima kwenye Mto Gila katika iliyokuwa sehemu ya jimbo la Sonora, Meksiko. [1] Msafiri wa Kiamerika Stephen W. Kearny alikutana naye mwaka wa 1846 na baadaye Waamerika wakiwa njiani kuelekea California kwenye Njia ya Wahamiaji Kusini wakati wa California Gold Rush. Kufuatia Gadsden Purchase Pima Village ikawa sehemu ya New Mexico Territory. Mnamo 1857, Laini ya Barua ya San Antonio-San Diego ilipitia jiji kwenye njia yake kati ya Maricopa Wells na Tucson.
Na 1858 mgbe Lieutenant AB Chapman, nke Dragoons nke mbụ, mere ọnụ ọgụgụ mbụ nke Pimas na Maricopas, ọ hụrụ ndị Pima dị 535; Ndị dike 110, ụmụ nwanyị 425 na ụmụntakịrị onye Captain aha ya bụ Chelan duziri n'obodo a akpọrọ Casa Blanca ugbu a. [1] N'afọ sochirinụ, ndị nnọchi anya ndị India pụrụ iche weghaara ọnụ ọgụgụ gọọmentị ọzọ nke gosipụtara Casa Blanca nwere 491 Pimas, gbajiri dị ka 50 Aged, 146 Men, 103 Women, 105 Boys, 87 Girls, nke Captain Candela duziri. Agụnyekwara ehi iri atọ na ịnyịnya iri anọ na isii. [2] Ọnụọgụ 1860 gosiri ngụkọta ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị Pima dị 323 mejupụtara ndị isi ezinụlọ 71, ndị isi nwanyị 66, ụmụ nwoke 82, ụmụ nwanyị 87 na ụmụ nwoke 17 ndị ọzọ. [3] O gosikwara na ha nwere ịnyịnya 164 na ehi 102 na ndị ọrụ ugbo iri ise na itoolu rụrụ acres 587 nke ala ka mma. [4]
Mwakilishi wa kituo cha Casa Blanca, Silas St. John, alikua wakala maalum wa Wahindi wa Pima na Maricopa mnamo Februari 18, 1859, na baadaye mwaka huo huo akajenga jengo la Wakala wa India kwa Kijiji cha Pima jijini mnamo 1859. Majengo haya mawili yana uzio au boma kati yao. iko karibu futi 3,500 kaskazini magharibi mwa magofu huko Casa Blanca na futi 800 kutoka kituo. Moja, adobe, ni duka la uhunzi, na lingine, mbweha, ni duka la useremala na jengo la ofisi.
Mnamo 1860, sensa ilionyesha Wazungu kumi na watano huko Casa Blanca kama sehemu ya kampuni ya Ammi M. White huko. White, pamoja na kaka yake, Cyrus Lennan, na mshirika E. S. Noyes, walianzisha duka la kuuza bidhaa huko Casa Blanca. White & Co. alikuwa amechukua majengo ya Shirika la Kihindi la St.John's, (baada ya kujiuzulu kutoka nafasi hiyo mwishoni mwa 1859), ambayo ilijumuisha duka la mhunzi, ambalo Noyes alisimamia.
Mill na Agha Obodo
dezieWhite Mill ilianzishwa huko Casa Blanca mnamo 1861 kusindika mahindi ya Pima kuwa unga. [1] Mwanzoni mwa Vita vya wenyewe kwa wenyewe vya Amerika, Ammi White alianza kuweka akiba ya unga na vifungu vingine kwa safu na vinu vya California, ambayo ikawa shabaha ya Wanajeshi wa Arizona waliotumwa na jeshi la Muungano kukaa mahali pake kusini mwa Arizona. Wakiongozwa na Kapteni Sherod Hunter, uvamizi huo uliharibu kinu, wakamkamata Ammi White na kurudisha unga na mahitaji mengine kwa Pima. Baada ya Kapteni Hunter kumwiga White na watu wake kama wenyeji, walimkamata Kapteni wa Jeshi la Muungano William McCleave na watu wake waliokuja kutembelea kinu.
Mara tu safu ya California ilipofika, waligundua walilazimika kungoja kukusanya unga na chakula ili kuendelea na maandamano yao hadi Tucson na kujenga Fort Barrett karibu na kinu ili kulinda makazi yao huko. Baada ya kutekwa kwa Tucson, wadhifa huo uliachwa isipokuwa kama wadhifa wa wanariadha na wakimbiaji. Ammi White hatimaye alibadilishwa, kama askari wa Muungano walirudi kutoka New Mexico Territory kujenga upya kinu yake ambayo, pamoja na ongezeko la wakulima wa Pima, ilisaidia kulisha askari wa Muungano na wakazi wa mitaa wakati wengine. vita. Baada ya White kuuza kinu na kuondoka mnamo 1867, kiliharibiwa na mafuriko mnamo Septemba 1868. Baada ya hapo, kinu hicho kiliokolewa na kuhamia Adamsville. [5]
Ọnụọgụ igwe mmadụ
dezieKulingana na sensa [1] ya 2010, kuna watu 1,388 wanaoishi katika CDP. Msongamano wa watu ni watu 87.9 kwa kila maili ya mraba. Muundo wa rangi wa CDP ni 1.0% Weupe, 0.3% Mweusi au Mwamerika Mwafrika, 96.0% Wenyeji wa Amerika, 0.1% Waasia, 0.9% kutoka jamii zingine, na 1.6% kutoka jamii mbili au zaidi. 13.04% ya watu ni Wahispania au Walatino wa jamii yoyote.
Ihe ndetu
dezie- ↑ Lieutenant Chapman's census was printed in the Annual Report of the Commissioner of Indian Affairs, 1858, as an appendix to Special Agent G. Bailey's report of November 4th on the Indians of southern Arizona and New Mexico.
- ↑ "On even brief analysis, this census bears little resemblance to reality. The most curious thing about it is why, after he counted almost 400 fewer persons, St. John should have thought that the earlier census was incomplete. The numbers suggest that the reverse may have been the case (St. John to Greenwood, September 16, 1859; Hackenberg 1974a I: 296, 306–07). St. John's tabulations suggest that he drastically undercounted the number of children, or overstated the number of adult men and women, if not both. The clue is that for neither the Pimas nor the Maricopas did the combined total of boys and girls even equal the number of women, which would mean less than one child per family, a population in a precipitous decline. This, as the regular census of 1860 shows, was not the case. He may however have encouraged nearly all of the adult males to be present, in order not to miss out on the manta and other clothing, tobacco, beads and farm implements handed out in September." from John Philip Wilson, Peoples of the Middle Gila: A Documentary History of the Pimas and Maricopas, 1500s–1945, Gila River Indian Community (Arizona: Association), Sacaton, Arizona, 1999, p. 153
- ↑ Wilson, Peoples of the Middle Gila, 1999, p. 166 Schedule 1-8 Pima Villages
- ↑ Wilson, Peoples of the Middle Gila, 1999, p. 167 Schedule 4-8 Pima Villages
- ↑ Wilson, John P., Peoples of the Middle Gila: A Documentary History of the Pimas and Maricopas, 1500s–1945, Las Cruces, N.M., 1999.