Asụsụ Basum

asụsụ
obere ụdị nke	Central Tibetan, Bodish

Basum (autonym: brog gsum 'ugwu atọ'; Basong 巴松话; Bake ^[1]) bụ asụsụ Bodish dị iche iche nke ihe dị ka mmadụ 2,500 na-asụ na Gongbo'gyamda County 工布江达县, Nyingtri Prefecture, Tibet, China. 13.5% nke ndị bi na Gongbo'gyamda County na-asụ Basum. Glottolog depụtara Basum dị ka onye a na-ahapụghị n'ime Bodish.

Wang (2020) bụ nkọwa ụtọ asụsụ na morphosyntactic nke Basum .

Ihe ndị mere n'oge gara aga

A maara asụsụ Basum n'ógbè ahụ dị ka Bäke, nke sitere na brag-gsum ska, nke pụtara 'asụsụ nke Nkume Atọ'. E nwere ihe dị ka ndị na-asụ asụsụ 3,000 na obodo Zhoka na Tshongo, Gongbo'gyamda County 工布江达县, n'ikperé mmiri nke Ọdọ Mmiri Basum. ^[2], et al. (1989) kọwakwara na a na-asụ Basum na Cuogao Township 错高乡 na Xueka Township 雪卡乡 nke Gongbo'gyamda County 工布江达县, Nyingtri Prefecture, Tibet, China.

Nchịkọta

Ọdọ Mmiri Basum (Basum Tso) na Tibet

Qu, et al. (1989) na-ekwu na Basum bụ onye a na-apụghị ịghọta aghọta ma dị nnọọ iche na Gongbu Tibetan (Chinese: 工布话; 11,600 ọkà ), nke bụ asụsụ dị iche iche nke Central Tibetan nke nwere njikọ chiri anya na Nyingchi Tibetan (Chinish: 林芝话). Basum bụkwa ihe a na-apụghị ịghọta aghọta na Niangpu nkata (nke a na-akpọkwa Muqu 牧区话), nke bụ asụsụ Khams nke ndị mmadụ 4,310 na-asụ na Jiaxing 加兴 na Niangp nkata obodo nke Gongbo'gyamda County. , et al. (1989:61) na-achọpụta ụfọdụ myirịta okwu n'etiti Basum na Cuona Menba (Tawang Monpa), asụsụ East Bodish.

Suzuki & Nyima (2016) ^[3] na-ewere Basum dị ka asụsụ na-abụghị Ndị Tibet.

Tournadre (2014) ^[1] kewara Basum (Bake) dị ka asụsụ Bodish a na-akpọghị aha nke na-esoghị na alaka Tibetic. Tourna (2014: 112) na-ekwu na Basum nwere negator a-, dị iche na negator ma- ma ọ bụ myi- n'asụsụ Tibetic. Ọzọkwa, n'adịghị ka asụsụ Tibetic, Basum anaghị eme ka Proto-Bodish *ti- na *si-.

Akwụkwọ Nsọ

^[2]Tournadre & Suzuki (2023) depụtara okwu Basum ndị na-esonụ na-enweghị aha Tibetic.

Nkọwa	Basum	Ụdị Tibet oge ochie
asaa	Sọn:	bdun
anọ	Akwụkwọ bụ̣̣̣́ Qhichwa	bzhi
anụ	Shia:	sha
ọbara	Asụsụ a na-akpọ	khrag
ụkwụ	'kiː	rkang
uhie	'N'ebe ọ bụla	dmar
nkume	'tɐ luŋ	rdo
M	'Ọ bụ otú e si eme ihe	nga
ị	Ọdịda Anyanwụ	khyed, khyod
ya	Akwụkwọ bụ̣̣̣́ Xing	kho
ịgọnahụ	Isiokwu	ma

, et al. (1989: 50-51) depụtara okwu Basum ndị na-esonụ na-enweghị njikọ na asụsụ ndị agbata obi Tibetic.

Ọmarịcha ndị China	Nkọwa Bekee	Basum
Ụkwụ	ụkwụ, ụkwụ	ci14
Mmanụ ala	Mmanụ yak	ja55
nnu	nnu	npo53
一	otu	tɯʔ53
七	asaa	__ibo__ Nke a bụ 55
Ịga ije	ịga ije	N'ihi ya, ọ bụghị n'afọ 53
Anya	ile anya	ɕẽ53
Ihi ụra	ihi ụra	C.14
Ịnọ	ịnọdụ ala	__ibo__ Nkọwapụta 55
Mụ onwe m	I (1.SG)	afọ 53
Ị	gị (2.SG)	Isi mmalite12
Ya	ya (3.SG)	po53
Nke ahụ	nke ahụ	N'oge 53
Ọtụtụ	ọtụtụ	pi55
Ọbara	uhie	N'afọ 53
Ọrịa na-ewute	na-adịghị mma	phe55mu53
Otu nwa	ntakịrị, ntakịrị	ɐ55mi
Ozugbo ahụ	n'oge na-adịghị anya, ngwa ngwa	a11lu53
Ihe niile	niile	nta11le15
Isi ihe	n'ụzọ bụ isi	ɐ11nɐʔ53
Otu ihe	n'ezie, ga-abụrịrị	sɯ̃11pa53

Okwu Basum ndị ọzọ dị iche iche bụ (Suzuki & Nyima 2016): ^[3]

Nkọwa	Basum
otu	tɨʔ
anọ	bər
ise	ŋo
asaa	ni
gị (sg)	do
ọbara	køʔ
anụ	aȵi
ígwè	l̥ɐʔ
Ezì	pɐʔ

Edensibia

na-achọpụta ụfọdụ myirịta okwu n'etiti Basum na Cuona Menba (Tawang Monpa), asụsụ East Bodish depụtara okwu Basum ndị na-esonụ na-enweghị njikọ na asụsụ ndị agbata obi Tibetic.

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Tournadre, Nicolas. 2014. "The Tibetic languages and their classification." In Trans-Himalayan linguistics, historical and descriptive linguistics of the Himalayan area. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 Tournadre (2023). The Tibetic Languages: an introduction to the family of languages derived from Old Tibetan. Paris: LACITO. ISBN 978-2-490768-08-0.
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 Suzuki, Hiroyuki and Tashi Nyima. 2016. ’Bo skad, a newly recognised non-Tibetic variety spoken in mDzo sgang, TAR: a brief introduction to its sociolinguistic situation, sounds, and vocabulary. Fourth Workshop on Sino-Tibetan Languages of Southwest China (STLS-2016). University of Washington, Seattle, September 8–10, 2016.

Templeeti:Sino-Tibetan languages Templeeti:Bodic languages Templeeti:Languages of China

[Tournadre2014-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Tournadre, Nicolas. 2014. "The Tibetic languages and their classification." In Trans-Himalayan linguistics, historical and descriptive linguistics of the Himalayan area. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.

[Tibetic-2] 2.0 ^2.1 Tournadre (2023). The Tibetic Languages: an introduction to the family of languages derived from Old Tibetan. Paris: LACITO. ISBN 978-2-490768-08-0.

[SuzukiNyima2016-3] 3.0 ^3.1 Suzuki, Hiroyuki and Tashi Nyima. 2016. ’Bo skad, a newly recognised non-Tibetic variety spoken in mDzo sgang, TAR: a brief introduction to its sociolinguistic situation, sounds, and vocabulary. Fourth Workshop on Sino-Tibetan Languages of Southwest China (STLS-2016). University of Washington, Seattle, September 8–10, 2016.

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