Amphiphile

Amphiphile maobu amphipath bu chemical compound nke nwere njirimara hydrophilic na lipophilic. compound ahu ka ana na akpo amphiphilic maobu amphipathic.

Phospholipids, dị ka glycerophospholipid a, nwere àgwà amphipathic.

Nlegharị anya nke akụkụ nke ihe ndị nwere ike ịmepụta site na amphiphiles na mmiri. N'adịghị ka ihe atụ a, a na-ejikarị ihe ndị na-abụghị nke ndụ, otu agbụ, amphiphiles, ncha ma ọ bụ ncha emepụta micelles, ebe ọ bụ na ọ na-esiri ike itinye agbụ abụọ n'ime ọdịdị a

Amphiphilic compound nwere surfactant nke ana akpo ncha mama ha di iche na ncha odinala. Phospholipid amphiphiles newre nnukwu mbara nke cell membranes.

Amphiles bụ ihe ndabere maka ọtụtụ ebe nyocha na kemịkal na biochemistry, ọkachasị nke lipid polymorphism.

A na-akpọ ngwakọta ndị nwere hydrophilic n'akụkụ abụọ nke molecule bolaamphiphilic. micelles ha na-emepụta na ngụkọta bụ prolate.

Ọdịdị ya

Ìgwè lipophilic _n-abụkarị nnukwu akụkụ 3" href="./Hydrocarbon" id="mwKQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Hydrocarbon">hydrocarbon, dị ka ogologo eriri nke ụdị CH3 (CH₂) n, na n > 4.

Ìgwè hydrophilic na-adaba n'otu n'ime ụdị ndị a:  

1. charged groups
   • anionic. Examples, with the lipophilic part of the molecule represented by R, are:
     • carboxylates: RCO₂⁻
     • sulfates: RSO₄⁻
     • sulfonates: RSO₃⁻
     • phosphates (the charged functional group in phospholipids)
   • cationic. Examples:
     • ammoniums: RNH₃⁺
2. polar, uncharged groups. Examples are alcohols with large R groups, such as diacyl glycerol (DAG), and oligo ethylene glycol with long alkyl chains.

Ọtụtụ mgbe, ụdị amphiphilic nwere ọtụtụ akụkụ lipophilic, ọtụtụ akụkụ hydrophilic, ma ọ bụ ọtụtụ n'ime ha abụọ. Protein na ụfọdụ block copolymers bụ ihe atụ dị otú ahụ.   

Amphilic compounds nwere lipophilic (nke a na-ahụkarị hydrocarbon) na hydrophilic polar functional groups (ma ọ bụ ionic ma ọ bụ uncharged).   

N'ihi inwe akụkụ lipophilic na hydrophilic, ụfọdụ amphiphilic compounds nwere ike ịgbaze na mmiri na ruo n'ókè ụfọdụ na ihe ndị organic solvents.

Mgbe etinye ya na usoro biphasic na-enweghị mgbagwoju anya nke nwere mmiri na ihe ndị na-agwọ mmiri, ihe mgbochi amphilic ga-ekewa usoro abụọ ahụ. Ogologo nke akụkụ hydrophobic na hydrophilic na-ekpebi oke nkewa.