Aleksandra Monedzhikova

Aleksandra Mihailova Monedzhikova (24 Jenụarị 1889 - 2 Julaị 1959) (nke a kpọkwara Monedžikova ma ọ bụ Monedjikova) bụ onye na-ese ihe gbasara ala Bulgaria, onye ọkọ akụkọ ihe mere eme, ode akwụkwọ na onye nkuzi..[1]

Aleksandra Mihailova Monedzhikova
Monedzhikova na 1932
A mụrụ ya
Alexander Modenjkov
24 Jenụwarị 1889

Plovdiv, Bulgaria
Nwụrụ 2 Julaị 1959
Sofia, Bulgaria
Mba Onye Bulgaria
Alma mater  Mahadum Sofia
Ọrụ (s) Onye na-akọ akụkọ ala, onye edemede
A maara ya maka  Sofia n'ime narị afọ (1946)
Nwunye Naiden Nikolov
Ụmụaka Milena (nwa nwanyị)

Akụkọ ndụ

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Aleksandra Monedzhikova (na Bulgarian, Александра Монеджикова) mụrụ 24 Jenụwarị 1889 na Plovdiv, Bulgaria; [1] nne na nna ya bụ onye ọka ikpe na onye nkuzi. Nne nne ya na nna nna ya bụ ndị gbara ọsọ ndụ sitere na mpaghara Bansko, Bulgaria, bụ ndị biri na Plovdiv mgbe mmechi obi ọjọọ nke Kresna-Razlog nnupụisi nke 1878 gasịrị.

N'afọ 1906, nne na nna ya kwagara n'isi obodo obodo bụ Sofia ịrụ ọrụ. Monedzhikova gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Second Sofia Girls High School na 1907, mgbe nke a gasịrị, ọ ghọrọ onye nkuzi n'obodo Transka Klisura (Transka district, Western ala ịta ahịhịa). N'ebe ahụ ọ lụrụ Naiden Nikolov, bụ́ onye nkụzi n'otu ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ, sitekwa n'oge ahụ, a na-akpọ ya Aleksandra Monedzhikova-Nikolova mgbe ụfọdụ.[1] N'ime afọ agụmakwụkwọ 1908-1909 ọ bụkwa nwa akwụkwọ akụkọ ihe mere eme na ọdịdị ala na Mahadum Sofia, mana "n'ihi ịbụ nne, agha, ọgba aghara na ihe omume ndị ọzọ," ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ ruo 1924 site na ngalaba akụkọ ihe mere eme na philology.[2]

N'oge Agha Ụwa Mbụ, Monedzhikova sụgharịrị ma bipụta akwụkwọ The Teacher of the Workers nke Edmondo de Amichis dere. N'ime afọ ndị dị n'agbata 1927 na 1930, o bipụtara akwụkwọ ndị akpọrọ Romania, Yugoslavia, Albania, European Turkey, Greece, Macedonia na Dobrudja. N’afọ 1928, Òtù Na-ahụ Maka Ndị Na-ahụ Maka Ndị Mmadụ na Bọlgeria bipụtara akwụkwọ ya banyere Poland. [3][4]

Onye nkuzi

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Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na mahadum, ọ rụrụ ọrụ afọ asaa ruo 1931, dị ka onye nkụzi nke Geography, akụkọ ihe mere eme na asụsụ Bulgarian na French College na Sofia. N'ime afọ agụmakwụkwọ 1931-1932 ọ kuziri na ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị nke atọ Sofia, na 1932-1933 ọ bụ onye nkuzi na First Sofia Boys' High School. Ọ rụkwara ọrụ afọ atọ na ụlọ akwụkwọ German "St. Maria" nkeonwe na Sofia.[3]

Onye edemede

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Monedzhikova hapụrụ nkuzi iji tinye onwe ya n'ọrụ mgbasa ozi, mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya, sayensị na ọrụ nkwalite na ebumnuche nke ịgbasa sayensị n'etiti ndị mmadụ.[3] Iji mee nke a, ọ na-etinye aka na nkuzi, okwu na akụkọ ifo, ma na-esokarị ha na ihe omume ndị ọzọ dị ka ihe ngosi na nyocha nyocha. O sokwa dee akwụkwọ nkuzi ala maka ụlọ akwụkwọ, isiokwu na akwụkwọ akụkọ na magazin, na ọrụ nchịkọta akụkọ. O nyere ọtụtụ nkuzi ala na ụlọ ihe nkiri Thessaloniki, na Gris.

 
Ọkà mmụta ọdịdị ala nke Bulgaria bụ Aleksandra Monedzhikova na di ya bụ Nayden Nikolov na 1908.

Ọ rụkwara ọrụ na Union of French Alumni na Sofia, na-enye ọtụtụ nkuzi, tinyere ihe ngosi na isi obodo na mba ahụ banyere Paris, French Revolutions, Museum of Paris na isiokwu ndị ọzọ na-adọrọ mmasị. A họpụtakwara ya dị ka onye ndú ọdịbendị nke nleta ya na World's Fair na Paris na 1937, n'afọ sochirinụ, o bipụtara akwụkwọ ya Paris through the Centuries (1938). [3]

O bipụtara ọtụtụ akụkọ sayensị mbụ, nke a ma ama na nke a sụgharịrị na akwụkwọ akụkọ Zarya, Mir, Anvil, wdg. O sokwa na magazin Bulgarian Tourist, Youth Tourist, Our Village na Fight against Alcoholism rụkọọ ọrụ.

N'otu oge ahụ, Monedzhikova bụ onye otu na-arụsi ọrụ ike na njikwa nke Bulgarian Geographical Society (BGD), ma malite na 9 Septemba 1944, ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onyeisi oche ya ruo 1948. Ruo ọgwụgwụ nke ndụ ya ọ nọgidere bụrụ onye otu nsọpụrụ nke BGD yana All-Union Geographical Society na Leningrad.[3]

Onye edemede e bipụtara

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Monedzhikova bụ onye edemede na onye na-ede akwụkwọ na akwụkwọ akụkọ banyere ọdịdị ala Bulgaria na akụkọ ihe mere eme-geographical, gụnyere Geography of Bulgaria (1941) na Geography nke Bulgaria n'ókè ya ugbu a (onye na-ede akwụkwọ, 1942). Ruo afọ asaa ọ bụ nanị nchịkọta akụkọ nke akwụkwọ akụkọ Trezvache.

A na-ewere ọrụ ya kachasị mkpa dị ka akwụkwọ Sofia through the centuries, nke e bipụtara na 1946, nke na-emegharị ndụ nke isi obodo site na mmalite ya n'oge ochie dị ka ebe obibi ruo 1944. Akwụkwọ ahụ nwere ihe osise dị ukwuu ma nye ya ihe nrite site na Academy of Sciences nke Bulgaria na Sofia Municipality.[3]

Mgbe Monedzhikova nọ na Moscow, 1947-1950, o zigara ọtụtụ akwụkwọ akụkọ na magazin dịka "Geographical Review.". N'afọ 1949, e bipụtara ọtụtụ akwụkwọ ya gụnyere The Moscow Kremlin, Leningrad, Journey through the Caucasus.

Onye na-edebe ihe ochie

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Aleksandra Monedzhikova na nwa ya nwanyị Milena na 1932.

Site na 1950 ruo 1953 ọ biri ma rụọ ọrụ na London, ebe di ya, Naiden Nikolov, jere ozi dị ka onye nnọchi anya Bulgaria na Britain.[2] Mgbe ọ bi n'ebe ahụ, ọ na-eme nnyocha na British Museum na n'ebe nchekwa ihe ochie nke British Foreign Office. N'ebe ahụ, ọ choro, bipụta ma jiri aka dee ihe gbasara akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Bulgaria na narị afọ nke 19. [3] O nyefere ọtụtụ ihe ndị ọ chịkọtara n'ebe ndebe ihe ochie ndị a na Institute of Bulgarian History na Bulgarian Academy of Sciences na 1953. Dabere na ụfọdụ n'ime ha, o dere ọtụtụ isiokwu, dị ka: "Documents on the Kresna Uprising, Reflection of the April Uprising in England, France and Italy," na "On the issue of national liberation movements in Bulgaria from 1863 to 1869." [5]

A na-echekwa ihe ncheta nke onwe ya site na nyocha ya na "ego 1064K" (n'asụsụ Bulgarian) na Central State Archive nke nwere ihe ncheta 69 gụnyere akwụkwọ na foto sitere na 1861 ruo 1956. [1]

Ọnwụ

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Monedzhikova nwụrụ na 2 Julaị 1959, na Sofia.[3]

Ndị otu

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Ọ bụ onye otu nsọpụrụ nke Bulgarian Geographical Society, All-Union Geographical Company/Leningrad, na onye mmekọ oge na Botev-Levski Institute na Bulgarian Academy of Sciences . [3]

Akwụkwọ ndị a họọrọ

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Dị ka WorldCat.org si kwuo, dị ka nke 2020, a pụrụ ịhụ ọrụ iri nke ọrụ Monedzhikova si n'akwụkwọ iri na abụọ n'asụsụ Bulgarian na n'ọbá akwụkwọ iri na atọ.[4]

  • [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Polsa Sofiâ: Pol. G-vo za Vzaimna Pomoŝ v B"lgariâ, 1928. (n'asụsụ Bulgarian)
  • [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Dobrudža Sofiâ: Hemus, 1928 (n'asụsụ Bulgarian)
  • [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Masedonia Sofiâ: Hemus, 1929. (n'asụsụ Bulgarian)
  • Monedjikova, A, na St Petrov. Geografija Na Bălgarija V Dnešnitě: I Granici S Mnogo Četiva; Pomagalo Za Učenici Ot Gimnaziitě I Za Samoobrazovanie . Sofija: Fakel, 1942. (n'asụsụ Bulgarian)
  • Monedjikova, A. Sofija Prez Vekovete (Sofia site na narị afọ). Sofija: Fakel, 1946. (n'asụsụ Bulgarian)
  • Monedjikova, A. Leningrad. Sofija: Dăržavno Izdat. "Narodna Prosveta, 1949". (n'asụsụ Bulgarian)
  • Monedjikova, A. Pŭtuvane Iz Kavkaz. Sofija: Dăržavno Izdat. "Nauka i izkustvo," 1949. (n'asụsụ Bulgarian)

Ihe odide

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  1. 1.0 1.1 Archive CDA-12. Information System of the State Archives (bg). Retrieved on 2020-06-04. Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid <ref> tag; name ":0" defined multiple times with different content
  2. 2.0 2.1 IV, V., and VI International Travel Seminar of UniBIT. "MODERN DIMENSIONS OF THE EUROPEAN EDUCATIONAL AND SCIENTIFIC AREA." (in Bulgarian) Accessed 2020-06-16.
  3. 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 Dimitrova (2011-03-07). Писатели, публицисти (bg-BG). Retrieved on 2020-06-04. Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid <ref> tag; name ":1" defined multiple times with different content
  4. 4.0 4.1 WorldCat.org. Retrieved on 2020-06-04. Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid <ref> tag; name ":2" defined multiple times with different content
  5. Bernard (1955). "Bulgare". Revue des études slaves 32 (1/4): 310–338. ISSN 0080-2557.