Alberta Odell Jones
Alberta Odell Jones (November 12, 1930 - August 5, 1965) bụ onye ọka iwu Africa-America na ihe ngosi nke ikike obodo. Ọ bụ otu n'ime ụmụ nwanyị Africa America mbụ gafere ụlọ ikpe Kentucky na nwanyị mbụ a họpụtara dị ka onye ọka iwu obodo na Jefferson County.[1] Onye a na-amaghị ama gburu ya.
Alberta Odell Jones | |
|---|---|
| Usòrò:Photo of Alberta Odell Jones.jpg | |
| Born | November 12, 1930 |
| Died | Ọgọstụ 5, 1965 (aged 34) Louisville, Kentucky |
| Nationality | American |
| Alma mater | Louisville Municipal College Howard University School of Law |
| Occupation | Attorney, Activist |
Ezinụlọ
dezieA mụrụ Jones na Louisville, Kentucky na Nọvemba 12, 1930, nwa Odell na Sarah (Sadie) Crawford Jones.[2]
Mmụta
dezieJones gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Louisville Central High School na 1948. [3] Ọ gara Louisville Municipal College (LMC), nke mechara jikọta ya na Mahadum Louisville n'oge nkewa, ma gụọ akwụkwọ na ndekọ ego.[4] Jones gụsịrị akwụkwọ nke atọ na klas ya. Ọ gara Mahadum nke Louisville Law School maka otu afọ, na-aga Howard University School of Law maka nzere ya, na-agụsị akwụkwọ nke anọ na klas ya na 1959.[5][2] N'oge ọ nọ na Mahadum Howard, Jones jere ozi na ndị ọrụ nke akwụkwọ akụkọ Howard Law ma rụọ ọrụ dị ka onye ndụmọdụ ụmụ akwụkwọ. Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ, o nwere ọtụtụ ajụjụ ọnụ na Washington na Senator John Sherman Cooper nyere ọfịs ya dị ka ebe ọmụmụ maka ule ọkàiwu.[4]
Ọrụ na ime ihe ike
dezieN'afọ 1959, mgbe a nabatara ya na ọkàiwu Kentucky n'otu afọ ahụ ọ nwetara akara ugo mmụta iwu ya, Jones ghọrọ onye ọka iwu nwanyị Africa America mbụ na-arụ ọrụ na Kentucky.[2] N'ụbọchị sochiri ịnata ọkwa na ọ gafere ụlọ ikpe, Jones anabatala ikpe mbụ ya. Dị ka ọ kọwara na Courier Journal, "Nwa agbọghọ a m maara gwara m afọ anọ gara aga - mgbe ya na di ya kewara - ka m dozie ịgba alụkwaghịm ya. E kwere m nkwa na m ga-eme ya ma ọ bụrụ na m mee akara ahụ. "[4]
N'afọ 1960, o mechara nweta onye ahịa a ma ama na mbido ọrụ ya, onye na-akụ ọkpọ na-eto eto nke mechara gbanwee aha ya site na Cassius Clay gaa na Muhammed Ali, na-ewebata ya na onye na-enye ọzụzụ Archie Moore nke California. A họpụtara ya na Febụwarị 1965 na Louisville Domestic Relations Court, ebe ọ bụ onye ọkàiwu.[5]
Mgbalị
dezieJones nọ na-arụsi ọrụ ike na òtù ndị ruuru obodo, na-ekere òkè na ngagharị iwe na Louisville na ịga March na Washington na August 1963. Mgbe o si Washington lọta, ọ malitere Òtù Ndị Ntụli Aka Independent nke Louisville ma tinye aka na Louisville isi nke Urban League. . Ọ gbaziri igwe ịtụ vootu ma kuziere ndị Africa America ka ha ga-esi jiri igwe ịtụ vootu. Ọ na-arụsikwa ọrụ ike na National Association for the Advancement of Colored People. Ihe ọzọ kpatara ya bụ mbọ ịgbakọ ego iji kwụọ ụgwọ ahụike otu nwa okorobịa, James "Bulky" Welch, onye ogwe aka ya tụfuru zọpụta nkịta ya tọrọ n'okpuru ụgbọ oloko, zụrụ ya ogwe aka prosthetic site n'ịre ụgbọ ala..[6]
Ogbugbu a na-edozighị edozi
dezieN'August 5, 1965, e gburu Jones.[2] E bu ụzọ kwuo na ọ bụ mmiri riri ya ma chọta ozu ya n'Osimiri Ohio. Otú ọ dị, a chọtara ụgbọ ala ya n'ọtụtụ blọk site na Sherman Minton Bridge na ọbara n'ime ya na nyocha ozu na-esote kpebiri na a kụrụ ya ọtụtụ ihe n'isi tupu ọ banye na mmiri.[7]
Ogbugbu Jones bụ otu n'ime ogbugbu isii a na-edozighị na mpaghara ahụ n'afọ ahụ. Na Septemba 28, 1965, isi akụkọ Courier Journal kwupụtara "300 Ajụjụ ọnụ na Jones Murder" na isiokwu ahụ kwupụtara atụmatụ onye isi ndị uwe ojii William E. Bindner iji mụbaa ndị uwe ojii na West End nke Louisville.[8] Nnyocha ahụ chọpụtara na e ji brik tie ya ihe n'amaghị onwe ya ma ndị akaebe chetara ịhụ ozu nke ndị ikom atọ a na-amaghị aha ha si n'àkwà mmiri tụba, ebe e mesịrị chọta akpa ya.[9]
Na 2017, a gbara mbọ imepegharị ikpe Jones wee bụrụ ihe kpatara celèbre. A gbara ndị nchọpụta ndị metụtara nyocha mbụ ahụ ajụjụ ọnụ n'olileanya na ndị ndu ọhụrụ apụtala n'ime afọ 52 kemgbe ogbugbu ahụ.[1] Prọfesọ na onye ọka iwu Lee Remington, onye na-eme nyocha maka akụkọ ndụ, chọtara ihe ngosi maka igbu ọchụ wee zigara ndị uwe ojii Louisville akwụkwọ ozi, ndị kwetara ịmaliteghachi ikpe ahụ. Ngalaba ikike obodo nke Ngalaba Ikpe Ziri Ezi malitekwara nyocha. A na-akwado nyocha ahụ site na iwu ọhụrụ, Emmett Till Unsolved Civil Rights Crime Act, nke na-enye $ 13.5 nde ego kwa afọ na Ngalaba Ikpe Ziri Ezi, Federal Bureau of Investigation, na ndị ọrụ mmanye iwu steeti na mpaghara iji nyochaa na gbaa akwụkwọ tupu 1970. igbu mmadụ.[2] Ogbugbu ya ka edozibeghị.[7]
Ihe Nketa
dezieN'ọnwa Ọktoba 2022, Louisville Central High School nyere Laura Rothstein, onye prọfesọ iwu na Mahadum Louisville lara ezumike nka Alberta O. Jones ihe nrite nke nyere aka ịmalite iwu ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị na mmemme ndọta gọọmentị.[1] A na-ekwu na ihe nrite a, nke a na-agaghị enye kwa afọ, bụ maka “ndị rụsiri ọrụ ike dị ka Jones iji mee ka obodo ha bụrụ ebe ka mma..[10]
Hụkwa
dezie- Ndepụta nke igbu ọchụ a na-edozighị
Ebem si dee
dezie- ↑ Gabriel. "A 'Quest for Justice' for a Murdered Civil Rights Pioneer, 52 Years Later", The New York Times, September 19, 2017.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 (2015) The Kentucky African American encyclopedia, Gerald L. Smith, Karen Cotton McDaniel, John A. Hardin. ISBN 978-0-8131-6066-5. OCLC 913829084. Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid
<ref>tag; name ":0" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ Central High School awards first-ever Alberta O. Jones Award to former UofL Dean of Law (en). WDRB (October 28, 2022). Retrieved on 2023-02-24.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Porter. "Woman Passes Law Test: First Negro in Kentucky", Louisville Courier Journal, September 15, 1959. Retrieved on 2017-02-17. Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid
<ref>tag; name ":2" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ 5.0 5.1 Jones, Alberta O.. Notable Kentucky African Americans Database. University of Kentucky. Retrieved on April 13, 2019. Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid
<ref>tag; name "Database" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ Sonka (October 9, 2017). Alberta Jones banner unveiled in downtown Louisville. Archived from the original on February 13, 2019. Retrieved on February 12, 2019.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 The 52-year mystery of Alberta Jones' murder covered on front page of The New York Times. Insider Louisville (September 20, 2017). Archived from the original on February 13, 2019. Retrieved on February 13, 2019. Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid
<ref>tag; name "ins" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ "300 Interviewed in Jones Murder: West End Police Increased", Louisville Courier Journal, September 28, 1965. Retrieved on 2017-02-11.
- ↑ "Who killed Alberta Jones, Louisville's first black female prosecutor?", The Washington Post, October 9, 2017. Retrieved on February 13, 2019.
- ↑ Kwangwari (2022-10-28). Former UofL law professor receives high honor for creating Central High School's law program (en). WLKY. Retrieved on 2023-02-24.