Ailsa Maxwell
Ailsa Giles Maxwell (née Macdonald; 16 Disemba 1922 - 10 February 2020) bụ onye na-emebi koodu Britain Bletchley Park na onye ọkọ akụkọ ihe mere eme.
Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ
dezieAilsa Giles Macdonald mụrụ na Gourock na 16 Disemba 1922, nye Douglas Macdonald onye njikwa ụgbọ okporo ígwè, na nwunye ya Grace, onye nkuzi ụlọ akwụkwọ.[1] Ezinụlọ ahụ kwagara London mgbe e bufere nna ya na ọdụ ụgbọ elu Euston, Ailsa malitekwara akwụkwọ n'obodo ahụ. Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Dumfries Academy, wee banye ebe na Mahadum Edinburgh na 1942 iji mụọ akụnụba.[1]
Ogige Ntụrụndụ Bletchley
dezieMgbe ọ gụchara afọ mbụ nke akara ugo mmụta akụ na ụba ya n'ụzọ dị iche, Maxwell mere atụmatụ ịbanye na WRENS, n'agbanyeghị na ndị ọrụ mba ofesi bịakwutere ya n'oge okpomọkụ nke 1943, ma kpọọ ya ka ọ gbaa ajụjụ ọnụ maka ọrụ a na-akọwaghị.[1] Otu nwa akwụkwọ ibe ya na History na mahadum ya, Cecily Giles, nyekwara onyinye yiri nke ahụ. Ya [2] na Maxwell nabatara onyinye a wee họpụta Maxwell ka ọ rụọ ọrụ dị ka onye enyemaka nwa oge na ọdụ X, UK's World War II code-breaking center na Bletchley Park, na Buckinghamshire. E tinyere ya na Wolverton n'ụlọ yana otu ụmụ agbọghọ ndị ọzọ.[2]
Mgbe ọ natasịrị ọzụzụ izu abụọ, a họpụtara Maxwell na Hut 6 ebe ọ rụrụ ọrụ na ụlọ igwe Block D.[3] Maxwell bụ onye na-ahụ maka ịhazi menus site na ozi ndị ọzọ nwetara ma tinye ya na Bọmbụ eletriki, dịka akụkụ nke mgbalị ịkọwa Koodu Enigma nke ndị Germany. [4][5] N'ikwu okwu na ọrụ Bletchley Park Oral History, Maxwell kọwara ọrụ ya dị ka ndị a:[6]
"Ọrụ anyị bụ, mgbe nkwụsịtụ site na Bọmbụ ahụ mezuru ụzọ e si dozie ya, anyị wee dozie nke a na igwe Enigma iji hụ ma ọ dị mma. Anyị amaghị German, mana o doro anya ma ihe pụtara bụ ihe nzuzu ma ọ bụ ihe ezi uche dị na ya. Enwere m mmasị na ya mgbe anyị mepụtara mmemme, ọ bụ ihe na-atọ ụtọ na ihe a na-adịghị ahụkebe ime. "[7]
N'abalị nke 7 Mee 1945 Maxwell na Asa Briggs nke Intelligence Corps na-arụkọ ọrụ mgbe ụlọ ọrụ ahụ natara ozi na-enweghị koodu site n'aka onye nọchiri Hitler na Onye isi ala nke Germany, Admiral Karl Dönitz, na-ekwupụta inyefe Germany n'enweghị ihe mgbochi.[8] Ọrụ Maxwell na Bletchley Park kwụsịrị n'Ụbọchị VE-esote na 8 Mee 1945, VE Day.[4] A chọrọ ka ọ bịanye aka na Iwu Nzuzo Ọchịchị ma ọ kwughị okwu banyere ahụmịhe ya ruo oge ụfọdụ mgbe e wepụtara ọrụ nke imebi koodu na 1974. [8]
Ọrụ nyocha mgbe agha gasịrị
dezieOzugbo agha ahụ gasịrị, Maxwell laghachiri Scotland iji mechaa akara ugo mmụta Economics na Mahadum Edinburgh ma nyere aka na ntuli aka 1945 na Scotland. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ nwa oge dị ka onye nchọpụta na Ngalaba Ahụike maka Scotland. Mgbe e mesịrị, Maxwell rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye enyemaka nyocha na Ngalaba Akụkọ Akụnụba nke Mahadum Edinburgh, ebe ọ rụrụ ọrụ na ọrụ nke Michael Flinn duziri nke dugara na mbipụta nke Scottish Population History site na narị afọ nke iri na asaa ruo n'afọ ndị 1930.[3] Mgbe nke a gasịrị, Maxwell rụrụ ọrụ na General Register Office maka Scotland. Ya na di ya mekwara ọtụtụ ọrụ nyocha, gụnyere akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Ndị na-akpụ ọlaọcha na ndị na-emepụta ọlaedo na Scotland, ha abụọ sụgharịrị akwụkwọ akụkọ George Home (1660-1705) site na Berwickshire.[5][8]
Ndụ onwe onye
dezieMgbe Maxwell na-agụcha akara ugo mmụta ya na Mahadum Edinburgh, Maxwell zutere di ya Stuart Maxwell, bụ onye gara n'ihu ịghọ osote onye nlekọta na National Museum of Scotland. Di na nwunye a lụrụ na 1953 wee mụọ ụmụ nwoke abụọ, Ian na Sandy.[1] Ọtụtụ n'ime ndụ ha, Maxwell na di ya bi na Dick Place na The Grange mpaghara Edinburgh.[8]
Di Maxwell nwụrụ tupu ya anwụọ ma nọrọ afọ ikpeazụ nke ndụ ya na nlekọta na Portobello. Ọ nwụrụ na 10 Machị 2020, mgbe ọ dị afọ 97. [8]
N'akụkọ ifo
dezieAhụmahụ Maxwell n'oge agha na Bletchley Park, kpaliri akwụkwọ akụkọ The Amber Shadows nke Lucy Ribchester.[9]
Ebem si dee
dezie- ↑ georgerobertson (2020-03-06). Obituary – Ailsa Maxwell (en-GB). East Lothian Antiquarian & Field Naturalists' Society. Retrieved on 2021-01-15.
- ↑ Smith (2015-01-08). The Debs of Bletchley Park and Other Stories (in en). Aurum. ISBN 978-1-78131-389-3.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Ailsa Maxwell obituary", The Times. Retrieved on 2021-01-15. (in en) Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid
<ref>tag; name ":3" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ 4.0 4.1 Roll of Honour — Ailsa Giles Macdonald. Bletchley Park. Retrieved on 2021-01-15. Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid
<ref>tag; name ":1" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ 5.0 5.1 Obituary: Ailsa Maxwell, war-time codebreaker at Bletchley Park (en). HeraldScotland. Retrieved on 2021-01-15. Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid
<ref>tag; name ":0" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ Oral History. Bletchley Park. Retrieved on 2021-01-15.
- ↑ Maxwell (2018). Ailsa Maxwell nee Macdonald. Bletchly Park. Retrieved on 15 January 2021.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 "Obituary: Ailsa Maxwell, historian and Enigma codebreaker, who witnessed Nazi surrender message", The Scotsman. Retrieved on 2021-01-15. (in en) Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid
<ref>tag; name ":2" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ Ribchester (2016-04-07). The Amber Shadows (in en). Simon & Schuster UK. ISBN 978-1-4711-3929-1.