A General History of the Pyrates
A General History of the Robbery and Murders of the Pyrates a ma ama, ma ọ bụ nanị A General History of the Pyrates, bụ akwụkwọ 1724 e bipụtara na Britain nwere akụkọ ndụ nke ndị ohi n'oge a,[1] bụ nke nwere mmetụta n'ịkpụzi echiche ndị a ma ama banyere ndị ohi. Onye dere ya na-eji aha Captain Charles Johnson, nke a na-ewerekarị dị ka aha mkpịsị akwụkwọ maka otu n'ime ndị na-ede akwụkwọ na London. Isi mmalite maka akụkọ ndụ nke ọtụtụ ndị ohi a ma ama nke ọma, akwụkwọ ahụ na-enye ndị na-eme ihe nkiri mara mma ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ akụkọ ifo, ma eleghị anya na onye edemede ahụ jiri ikike nka dị ukwuu n'akụkọ ya banyere mkparịta ụka ndị pirate.[2] Akwụkwọ ahụ nwekwara aha Jolly Roger, ọkọlọtọ pirate, na-egosikwa okpokoro isi na ọkpụkpụ ọkpụkpụ.
Nke mbụ pụtara na ụlọ ahịa Charles Rivington dị na London, akwụkwọ ahụ rere nke ọma nke na ka ọ na-erule 1726, mbipụta nke anọ abawanyela.[1] Ọ kpalitere mmasị ọha na eze Britain maka ihe dị egwu; na-atọ ụtọ na akụkọ eserese na oke osimiri. Ọkọ akụkọ ihe mere eme ụgbọ mmiri England bụ David Cordingly na-ede, sị: “E kwuwo, ọ dịkwa ka ọ dịghị ihe mere a ga-eji jụ nke a, na Captain Johnson kere echiche ọgbara ọhụrụ nke ndị ohi.”[2] Ndị na-ede akwụkwọ akụkọ Scotland bụ Robert Louis Stevenson (onye dere Treasure Island) na J.M. Barrie (Onye edemede nke Peter Pan na-egosi Captain Hook) ha abụọ chọpụtara Johnson's General History of the Pyrates dị ka otu n'ime mmetụta ha bụ isi, na Stevenson ọbụna gbaziri otu aha aha (Israel Hands) site na ndepụta nke ndị ọrụ Blackbeard nke pụtara n'akwụkwọ Johnson. [1][2][3]
Onye dere ya
dezieOnye edemede ahụ, onye na-eji aha Captain Charles Johnson, anọgidewo na-amaghị n'agbanyeghị ọtụtụ mgbalị nke ndị ọkọ akụkọ ihe mere eme ịchọpụta onye ọ bụ.[4]
N'afọ 1932, onye ọkà mmụta akwụkwọ John Robert Moore kwuru na Daniel Defoe bụ ezigbo onye dere A General History . [4] Ebe ndị ọzọ, gụnyere akwụkwọ 2004, na-atụ aro na onye dere ya nwere ike ịbụ onye na-ebipụta akwụkwọ Nathaniel Mist, ma ọ bụ onye na-arụ ọrụ maka Mist.[5][6] Onye edemede Colin Woodard, na The Republic of Pirates, na-ewere na ọrụ Johnson na Defoe bụ ihe na-ezighi ezi, ma na-ahọrọ echiche na Johnson bụ Mist.[7]
Ihe ndị dị n'ime
dezie
A General History webatara ọtụtụ ihe ndị mechara bụrụ ihe a na-ahụkarị n'akwụkwọ ndị ohi ụgbọ mmiri, dị ka ndị ohi ụgbọelu nwere ụkwụ ma ọ bụ anya efu, echiche nke ndị ohi ụgbọ ala na-eli akụ, na aha ọkọlọtọ ndị ohi ụgbọ elu bụ Jolly Roger. Onye edemede ahụ kwuru kpọmkwem na ndị ohi ụgbọ mmiri abụọ kpọrọ ọkọlọtọ ha Jolly Roger (nke akpọrọ aha onye ohi ụgbọ mmiri mbụ na ndị ọrụ ya): onye ohi ụgbọelu Welsh Bartholomew Roberts na June 1721, na onye ohi ụgbọ elu England Francis Spriggs na December 1723. [8] Akwụkwọ ahụ na-enye ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ọnọdụ akụkọ ifo na ndị ọzọ mara mma, dị ka ndị ohi ụgbọ mmiri England a ma ama Blackbeard na Calico Jack. Ọ na-enye akụkọ dị mma banyere ndụ ọtụtụ ndị ka na-ewu ewu na narị afọ nke 21, ma metụta akwụkwọ mpụ nke ndị edemede Scotland Robert Louis Stevenson na J. M. Barrie.[9]
E wepụtara akwụkwọ ahụ na mpịakọta abụọ. Nke mbụ na-ekwu maka ndị ohi ụgbọ mmiri na mmalite narị afọ nke iri na asatọ, ebe Mpịakọta nke Abụọ na-edekọ ihe ndị bu ha ụzọ mere iri afọ ole na ole tupu mgbe ahụ. N'ime mpịakọta nke mbụ, onye edemede ahụ na-arapara n'ebe dị nso na isi mmalite ndị dịnụ, ọ bụ ezie na ọ na-achọ akụkọ ndị ahụ mma.[10] Ọ gbatịkwuru eziokwu n'ime mpịakọta nke abụọ ma tinye akụkọ ndụ nke isiokwu atọ nwere ike ịbụ akụkọ ifo. Akwụkwọ ahụ enweela mmetụta dị ukwuu n'ịkpụzi echiche ndị a ma ama banyere ịpụnara mmadụ ihe.
Ndị ohi ụgbọ mmiri a kpọtụrụ aha na Mpịakọta nke Mbụ bụ: Mpịakọta nke Abụọ na-egosi: yana akụkọ ndụ nke ndị isi ụgbọ mmiri James Misson, William Lewis, na John Cornelius.
Ihe ngosi
dezieIhe edeturu
dezie- ↑ Johnson (2010). "Introduction", General History of the Robberies & Murders of the Most Notorious Pirates, Lyons Press 2nd paperback, London: Conway Maritime Press, viii. ISBN 978-1599219059.
- ↑ Jason Porterfield, Treasure Island and the Pirates of the 18th Century, Rosen, 2004, p. 12.
- ↑ "Pirate chic", The Age, 6 December 2016.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 John Robert Moore Defoe in the Pillory, and Other Studies. pp. 126–141. New York: Octagon Books, 1973.
- ↑ Bialuschewski (March 2004). "Daniel Defoe, Nathaniel Mist, and the "General History of the Pyrates"". The Papers of the Bibliographical Society of America 98 (1): 21–38. DOI:10.1086/pbsa.98.1.24295828.
- ↑ Ossian. Book Review:A General History of the Pyrates. The Pirate King. Archived from the original on 22 October 2007. Retrieved on 2007-11-29.
- ↑ Woodard (2007). The Republic of Pirates. Harcourt, Inc., 325–326. ISBN 978-0-15-101302-9.
- ↑ Charles Johnson (1724), A General History of the Robberies and Murders of the Most Notorious Pyrates, pp. 250, 411-12
- ↑ A general history of the robberies & murders of the most notorious pirates. Introduction, p. viii
- ↑ Brooks (2015). ""Born in Jamaica, of Very Creditable Parents" or "A Bristol Man Born"? Excavating the Real Edward Thache, "Blackbeard the Pirate"". The North Carolina Historical Review 92 (3): 235–277. ISSN 0029-2494.