863 Program
Mmemme 863 ( Chinese ) ma ọ bụ nke akpọrọ aState High-Tech Development Plan ( Chinese ) bụihe mmemme nke gọọmentị nke ndị Republic of China na -akwado iji kwalite ihe gbasara nka na ụzụ n'ụzọ dụ iche iche maka ebumnuche ịnye China ike ịkwụrụ onwe ha na echekwubeghị ego nka na ụzụ sitere mba ndị ọzọ. Nke a bụ site na Strategic Defense Initiative nke onye isiala mba Amerika bụ U.S. President Ronald Reagan kwadoro n'afọ 1983, mana ọ biara n'isi njedebe n'afọ 2016.[1][2][3]
N'ọnwa Machị n'ụbọchị nke atọ n'afọ 1986, usoro ihe omume e-atụ aro site Wang Daheng, Wang Ganchang, Yang Jiachi, na Chen Fangyun na a akwụkwọ ozi ka China si paramount ndú Deng Xiaoping, onye mma usoro ihe omume n'ime ụbọchị 2. [4] [5] Zhao Ziyang, onye bụ onye isi ala China n'oge ahụ duziri mmemme a, wee nata ego gọọmentị nke ijeri RMB ijeri na 1986, nke bụ pasent 5 nke ngụkọta gọọmentị mefuru n'afọ ahụ. [5] [6]
- ↑ China's Hybrid Adaptive Bureaucracy: The Case of the 863 Program for Science and Technology.
- ↑ 新华社："973""863"取消后科研咋办？国家重点研发计划正式启动.
- ↑ (February 2019) "The Futurists of Beijing: Alvin Toffler, Zhao Ziyang, and China's "New Technological Revolution," 1979–1991" (in en). The Journal of Asian Studies 78 (1): 115–140. DOI:10.1017/S0021911818002619. ISSN 0021-9118.
- ↑ Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China. www.most.gov.cn. Retrieved on 2019-11-29.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 1986年邓小平亲自决策启动"863"计划--邓小平纪念网--人民网. cpc.people.com.cn. Retrieved on 2019-11-29.
- ↑ Karplus (2007-12-17). Agricultural Biotechnology in China: Origins and Prospects (in en). Springer Science & Business Media. ISBN 978-0-387-71138-6.