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Ụlọ Akwụkwọ Ìhè Ọnwa

mmemme mmụta akwụkwọ ndị okenye na Kentucky

Moonlight Schools bụ mmemme agụmakwụkwọ maka ndị okenye na-amaghị akwụkwọ na Kentucky na mbido afọ 1900 nke gbasara n'ọtụtụ steeti US ndị ọzọ.

Ụlọ akwụkwọ Moonlight na Kentucky, c. 1916

Akụkọ ihe mere eme

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E guzobere ụlọ akwụkwọ Moonlight mbụ na Septemba 1911, na Rowan County, Kentucky site n'aka Cora Wilson Stewart, onye nlekọta na Rowan State Schools. [1]Ndị toro eto ga-aga ụlọ akwụkwọ n'abalị n'ụlọ ebe ụmụaka na-amụ n'ehihie. A na-ekwu na ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ na-arụ ọrụ naanị n'abalị ndị ọnwa na-enwu ka ndị mmadụ wee nwee ike ịbanye ebe ahụ ma laa n'ụlọ n'enweghị nsogbu nke nyere ọrụ ahụ aha ya.

A gwara ndị nkuzi ka ha wepụta onwe ha ịkụzi n'abalị ma ha na-agbakwa mpaghara ha iji hụ onye nwere ike ịchọ ntụziaka ịgụ na ide. [2]Enweghị akwụkwọ ụlọ akwụkwọ maka ndị okenye na-enweghị ike ịgụ, ya mere, e bipụtara akwụkwọ akụkọ nwere obere ndepụta okwu nke nwere akụkọ mpaghara ma webata ihe dị nro nke asọmpi n'etiti ụlọ akwụkwọ mpaghara.[2]Ozugbo ụmụ akwụkwọ mụtara ịgụ ihe, ha nwekwara ike ịmụta ihe ndị ọzọ gụnyere "akụkọ ihe mere eme, obodo, Bekee, ahụike na ịdị ọcha, ọdịdị ala, akụ na ụba ụlọ, ọrụ ugbo, ọrụ ugba na ụzọ dị mma. ": 24 [3][2]: 26 

Uto nke mmemme

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N'afọ 1914, na arịrịọ Stewart, Gọvanọ James B. McCreary mere ka Commonwealth nke Kentucky mepụta Kentucky Illiteracy Commission iji gbasaa mmemme a na steeti niile na ebumnuche ịkwụsị amaghị akwụkwọ na Kentucky site n'afọ 1920. [4]Obodo nwere asọmpi iji hụ nke nwere ike ihichapụ amaghị akwụkwọ na mbụ, na Bible enyere ụmụ akwụkwọ na mpaghara mmeri nke bụ Tabor Hill, na Rowan County. Kentucky Federation of Women's Clubs na Colonial Dames duziri mgbalị ịnakọta ego na ide akwụkwọ ozi na ndị ụkọchukwu mere "No Illiteracy Sunday" na ụka ha.[2]: 64 

Tupu nnọkọ nke abụọ nke ụlọ akwụkwọ Moonlight, e nwere ụlọ akwụkwọ Moon Light maka ndị nkuzi, dị ka Stewart si kwuo ọ bụ "ụlọ akwụkwọ mbụ maka ndị nkuši ụlọ akwụkwọ abalị na America". Ka ọ na-erule nnọkọ nke ugboro abụọ, mmemme ahụ debanyere aha ụmụ akwụkwọ 1,600, 350 n'ime ha mụtara ịgụ na ide.[2]: 33 [2]E guzobere ngalaba ụlọ nke ga-eleta ndị mmadụ nọ n'ụlọ ha na-enweghị ike ịbanye n'otu n'ime ụlọ akwụkwọ.: 38 [2]Ebe ọ bụ na steeti ahụ ka nwere nkewa iwu kwadoro, e nwekwara ụlọ akwụkwọ 15 na-acha uhie uhie na Kentucky site na 1915. : 46 Mercer County, Kentucky nyere ụlọ akwụkwọ Moonlight na mpaghara ụlọ akwụkwọ ọ bụla na-ejere ụmụ akwụkwọ ojii ozi. [5]Na 1915 Stewart bipụtara Country Life Reader: First Book na 1916 o bipụtara CountryLife Reader: Second Book . Akwụkwọ abụọ ahụ gosipụtara ihe na-adọrọ mmasị ndị okenye, nke edere maka ndị na-amaghị akwụkwọ. [6]Stewart malitere ichegbu onwe ya n'oge Agha Ụwa Mbụ mgbe Selective Service kpebiri na ndị ikom 700,000 amaghị akwụkwọ, ya mere o mepụtara The Soldier's First Book iji nyere aka kụziere ndị agha ka ha gụọ akwụkwọ.[6]

Mgbasawanye na ihe nketa

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Alabama na Mississippi malitere mmemme nke Moonlight School n'oge na-adịghị anya Kentucky mere, na 1916 steeti iri na asatọ nwere ụlọ akwụkwọ nke ha. [4]Puku iri ndị okenye gụrụ akwụkwọ na North Carolina's Moonlight Schools na 1915. [4] N'afọ 1922, Stewart - onye bụ onye isi oche nke Kọmitii Na-ahụ maka agụmakwụkwọ na amuma na Ụba nke National Education Association yana onye isi oche ya bụ Kọmitii Nkwurịta Okwu nke National Council of Education - dere akwụkwọ banyere mmemme ahụ iji "kọrọ akụkọ nke ụlọ akwụkwọ ndị na-ahụ maka ìhè ọnwa".[2]

Otu n'ime ụlọ akwụkwọ nke bụ ụlọ akwụkwọ Moonlight dị na campus nke Morehead State University, ọ bụkwa ebe akụkọ ihe mere eme a na-akpọ Cora Wilson Stewart Moonlight School ugbu a. [7][8]The Moonlight Schools Collection na Morehead State anakọtara akụkọ ihe mere eme na nyocha gbasara akụkọ ihe mere e ji mara ụlọ akwụkwọ Moonlight na ndụ Cora Wilson Stewart.[9]

Edensibia

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  1. ↑ Nelms (1997). Cora Wilson Stewart: Crusader Against Illiteracy (in it). McFarland, Incorporated, Publishers. ISBN 978-0-7864-0334-9. Retrieved on 2022-05-31. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 The Project Gutenberg eBook of Moonlight Schools for the Emancipation of Adult Illiterates, by Cora Wilson Stewart.. Project Gutenberg (2018-04-27). Retrieved on 2022-05-31.
  3. ↑ "The Great Purpose of the Newspaper", Lexington Herald-Leader, 1913. Retrieved on 31 May 2022.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 La Bree (2022-01-14). Press reference book of prominent Kentuckians; contains portraits and biographical sketches of men prominent ... in the state of Kentucky; also pictures of state, municipal and other buildings. Internet Archive. Retrieved on 2022-05-31.
  5. ↑ African American Schools - Moonlight Schools, Kentucky. Notable Kentucky African Americans Database (2022-05-31). Retrieved on 2022-05-31.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Tabler (2017-12-21). Kentucky's moonlight schools. Appalachian History. Retrieved on 2022-05-31.
  7. ↑ Wilson Stewart, Cora. Our Campaigns. Retrieved on 31 May 2022.
  8. ↑ Cora Wilson Stewart Moonlight School. Kentucky Tourism - State of Kentucky - Visit Kentucky, Official Site. Archived from the original on 2023-01-29. Retrieved on 2022-05-31.
  9. ↑ Moonlight Schools Collection - Library and Archives. Morehead State University (2016-07-26). Retrieved on 2022-05-31.

Njikọ mpụga

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