Ụgbọ mmiri Alice nke Dunk
Alice nke Dunk's Ferry (nwuru na 1802) bụ ohu onye America America, onye na-anakọta ụtụ na narị afọ[1] bụ "otu n'ime ndị ọkọ akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Black America n'oge mbụ". [1]
Oge ọ malitere
dezieA mụrụ Alice n'ịbụ ohu na Philadelphia nye ndị nne na nna bụ ohu, nke e si na Barbados wetara na North America colonial. O kwuru na a mụrụ ya n'ihe dịka 1686, nke gaara eme ya 116 mgbe ọ nwụrụ.[1] Ọ biri na Filadelfia ruo mgbe ọ dị afọ iri mgbe a kpọgara ya na Dunk's Ferry na Bucks County, Pennsylvania, [1] ihe dị ka kilomita iri na asaa n'akụkụ Osimiri Delaware, ebe ọ nọrọ ruo oge ndụ ya niile.[2] Ruo afọ 40, ọ na-anakọta ego iji gafee osimiri ahụ, [3] na-arụ ọrụ maka nna ukwu aha ya bụ Samuel Carpenter, enyi nke William Penn. [2]
Akụkọ ihe mere eme
dezieA maara Alice dị ka "Alice of Dunk's Ferry", na-enweta aha dị ka onye na-anụ ọkụ n'obi ma na-adọrọ mmasị nke na-enwe mmasị ịkọrọ ya ihe ndị ọ na-echeta n'afọ ndị mbụ ya.[1] Ebe ọ hụrụ ka Philadelphia na-etolite site na "ebe obibi osimiri mbụ gaa n'isi obodo nke mba ọhụrụ", ọ ghọrọ ọkọ akụkọ ihe mere eme a ma ama.[3] Jessie Carney Smith dere na: Ya mere, Alice ghọrọ otu n'ime ndị ọkọ akụkọ ihe mere eme nke mbụ na America na isi mmalite nke ozi maka ndị nwere ohere ịgwa ya okwu.[1] Ọ bụ ezie na, dị ka ọtụtụ ndị ohu, ọ pụghị ịgụ ihe ma ọ bụ ide ihe, ọ na-enwe mmasị ka a na-agụrụ ya Bible, [2], a kwanyere ya ùgwù n’ihi inwe “oké nkwanye ùgwù maka eziokwu.”[1] Ekwuru na Alice mụnyere ọkpọkọ William Penn (1644–1718), onye guzobere Pennsylvania, [1] na mee ka amara Thomas Story.[2] Na akụkọ ndụ ya Eccentric; ma ọ bụ, Ihe ncheta nke agwa ụmụ nwanyị dị ịrịba ama, oge ochie na nke ọgbara ọhụrụ, Isaiah Thomas (onye guzobere American Antiquarian Society) dere na:
Afọ ndị ikpeazụ na ọnwụ
dezieN'afọ 96-100, Alice ji nwayọọ nwayọọ tụfuo anya ya mana, ọ bụ ezie na ọ kpuru ìsì, ọ nọgidere bụrụ onye maara nke ọma n'ịkụ azụ: [1] "ọ pụghị ịbụ onye na-adịghị arụ ọrụ". Mgbe ọ dị ihe dị ka afọ 102, anya ya laghachiri, na-emeziwanye nke ọma nke na ọ nwere ike ịghọta ihe na-agagharị agagharị, ọ bụ ezie na ọ pụghị ịmata ọdịiche dị n'etiti ndị mmadụ. Thomas kọrọ na "tupu ọ nwụọ ntutu isi ya ghọrọ ihe na-acha ọcha kpamkpam na ezé ikpeazụ ya na-ada n'isi ya mgbe ọ dị afọ 116". Ọ nwụrụ, na 1802, na Bristol, Pennsylvania . [1]
N'afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, e meela mgbalị ịkọ akụkọ Alice na ịnakwere ihe nketa nke ịgba ohu, gụnyere site na Christ Church, Philadelphia, ebe ọ bụ onye na-efe ofufe ogologo oge.[4] A na-ekwu na Alice na-agba ọsọ n'elu ịnyịnya gaa na Christ Church kwa Sunday mgbe ọ dị afọ 95. Taa, ihe ncheta granite na-egosi ebe Dunk's Ferry, otu n'ime ụzọ ụgbọ mmiri mbụ dị otú ahụ na United States.[5] Dr Audrey Henry, onye otu akụkọ ihe mere eme nke obodo ahụ, kwuru na 2015 na: A na-aja ya mma maka ọrụ ọchụnta ego ya a na-eleghara anya, dị ka ịmepụta azụmaahịa, ịnakọta onyinyo ka etinye ya na nnu na barrels ma ree ya na Philadelphia, na ụgbọ mmiri na-aga njem.[2]
Ihe odide
dezie- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Smith (1996). Notable Black American women. New York: Gale Research. ISBN 978-0-8103-9177-2. Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid
<ref>tag; name ":1" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ 2.0 2.1 Colimore (7 June 2015). Marking Juneteenth with slave's tale. The Philadelphia Inquirer. Retrieved on 2021-03-23. Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid
<ref>tag; name ":4" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ Alice. The Library Company of Philadelphia. Retrieved on 2021-03-23.
- ↑ Giving Face to a legend: Alice. Christ Church. Retrieved on 2021-03-23.
- ↑ Comegno. Life of enslaved ferry operator honored. Courier-Post. Retrieved on 2021-03-23.