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Ọrụ ugbo na-achịkwa gburugburu ebe obibi

Ọrụ ugbo na-achịkwa gburugburu ebe obibi (CEA) - nke gụnyere Ọrụ ugbo n'ime ụlọ (IA) na Ọrụ ugbo kwụ ọtọ - bụ usoro teknụzụ maka mmepụta nri. Ebum n'uche nke CEA bụ inye nchebe site na ihe ndị dị n'èzí ma nọgide n'enwe ọnọdụ uto kachasị mma n'oge mmepe nke ihe ọkụkụ. Mmepụta n'ewere ọnọdụ n'ime ihe n'eto eto dị ka ụlọ ọkụ ma ọ bụ ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe.[1]

A n'akụkarị osisi n'ebe n'enweghị ala iji nye mmiri na ihe oriri kwesịrị ekwesị na mpaghara mgbọrọgwụ ya na ọkụ mgbakwunye iji hụ na ìhè zuru ezu kwa ụbọchị. CEA n'eme ka ojiji nke ihe onwunwe dị ka mmiri, ike, oghere, isi obodo na ọrụ dị mma. Nkà na ụzụ CEA gụnyere hydroponics, aeroponics, aquaculture, na aquaponics.[2]

A n'enweta usoro dị iche iche maka ịzụlite nri na ọrụ ugbo n'achịkwa gburugburu ebe obibi. Ka ọ dị ugbu a, ụlọ ọrụ n'emepụta ihe n'ekpo ọkụ bụ akụkụ kachasị ukwuu nke ụlọ ọrụ CEA mana akụkụ ọzọ n'eto ngwa ngwa bụ ụlọ ọrụ Ọrụ ugbo kwụ ọtọ. Nchịkwa gburugburu ebe obibi Ọrụ ugbo nwere ikike ịmepụta ihe ọkụkụ n'afọ niile, ya na ohere nke mmụba site na ịgbanwe ọnụọgụgụ kabon na ihe oriri ndị osisi n'enweta (Benke et al). [3]

Mmejuputa teknụzụ

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Ihe owuwu CEA nwere ike ịdị site na 100% n'achịkwa gburugburu ebe obibi n'emechi emechi, na ụlọ iko n'arụ ọrụ n'onwe ya na njikwa kọmputa maka ịsa mmiri, ọkụ na ikuku. A n'akpọ ngwọta teknụzụ dị ala dị ka elekere ma ọ bụ ihe nkiri plastik na ihe ọkụkụ ndị a n'akụ n'ọhịa na ọwa mmiri ndị e kpuchiri plastik dị ka ọrụ ugbo gburugburu ebe obibi gbanwere.

  • Okpomọkụ (ikuku, ihe n'edozi ahụ, ebe mgbọrọgwụ, akwụkwọ)
  • Mmiri dị n'etiti (%RH)
  • Carbon dioxide (CO2)
  • Ìhè (ike, ụzarị, ogologo oge na oghere)
  • Ịdị mma nke mmiri
  • Ọnụ ọgụgụgụ nke ihe n'edozi ahụ (PPM nke nitrogen, potassium, Phosphorus, wdg)
  • pH nke ihe n'edozi ahụ (acidity)
  • Ogologo oge na njupụta
  • Ịzụlite
  • Nchịkwa nke ahụhụ

Ihe owuwu CEA nwere ike ịdị site na 100% n'achịkwa gburugburu ebe obibi n'emechi emechi, na ụlọ iko n'arụ ọrụ n'onwe ya na njikwa kọmputa maka ịsa mmiri, ọkụ na ikuku. A n'akpọ ngwọta teknụzụ dị ala dị ka elekere ma ọ bụ ihe nkiri plastik na ihe ọkụkụ ndị a n'akụ n'ọhịa na ọwa mmiri ndị e kpuchiri plastik dị ka ọrụ ụgbo gburugburu ebe obibi gbanwere.

Enwere ike iji usoro CEA mee ihe iji zụlite ihe ọkụkụ ọ bụla n'ụzọ nkịtị, ọ bụ ezie na eziokwụ bụ na ihe ọkụkụ ga-abụ nke bara uru n'ụzọ akụ na ụba na nke a ga-adịgasị iche iche n'ihi ọnụahịa ahịa mpaghara, na ọnụahịa akụ. Ka ọ dị ugbu a, tomato, akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ na ahịhịa bụ ihe ọkụkụ kachasị baa uru.[4]

Ihe mere e ji mee ya

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Enwere ike ịzụlite ihe ọkụkụ maka nri, ọgwụ na Ihe oriri na-edozi ahụ. A pụkwara iji ya n'akụ algae maka nri ma ọ bụ maka biofuels.

Ụzọ CEA nwere ike ịbawanye nchekwa nri site n'iwepụ ihe ndị n'emetọ ya, ma n'abawanye nchekwa nke nnyefe ebe ọ bụ na ọnọdụ gburugburu ebe obibi n'emetụtaghị ya ma wepụ oge iji mepụta ọnụahịa ahịa kwụsiri ike, nke dị mma maka ndị ọrụ ugbo na ndị n'azụ ahịa. Ojiji nke ngwanrọ nlekota na akpaaka nwere ike belata oke ọrụ mmadụ achọrọ.

A na-eji CEA eme ihe na nyocha ka e wee nwee ike iwepụ otu akụkụ nke mmepụta ebe mgbanwe ndị ọzọ niile nọgidere n'abụ otu. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, enwere ike iji iji ugegbe n'acha akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ tụnyere ugegbe doro anya n'ụzọ a n'oge nyocha banyere Fotosynthesisị.[5]

Akụkọ Febụwarị n'afọ 2011 na magazin Sayensị gosiputara n'ekwu, "N'ọrụ ugbo azụmahịa, CEA nwere ike ịbawanye arụmọrụ, belata ụmụ ahụhụ na ọrịa, ma chekwaa ihe onwunwe. ... Ịmepụtaghachi ugbo nkịtị na kọmputa na ọkụ LED dị oke ọnụ ma gosipụta na ọ dị oke ọnụ n'ikpeazụ site n'ịmepụta ihe ruru okpukpu iri abụọ dị elu, nke n'enweghị ọgwụ ahụhụ dị ka ala yiri ya. Iri na puku square ụkwụ nke osisi ndị a n'enyocha nke ọma n'emepụta nde mkpụrụ 15 kwa afọ na ụlọ ọrụ ndị dị otú ahụ ga-arị elu iji zute mkpụrụ osisi ndị dị mkpa iji zute elu nke mba China.[6] 

  • Water efficiency[7]
  • Space use efficiency
  • Reduced transportation requirements
  • Reliable year-round production
  • Protection from adverse weather events
  • Reduce fertilizer runoff
  • Pleasant working conditions

Ka ọ na-erule n'etiti afọ 2021, a kọrọ na 16.55 nde square feet (380 acres / 154 hectares) nke ugbo ime ụlọ na-arụ ọrụ gburugburu ụwa. Akụkọ kwa afọ nke State of Indoor Farming na-atụ aro na nke a ga-eto ruo nde square 22. ft. (505 acres / 204 hectares) site na 2022. [8] (N'iji ya tụnyere, USDA kọrọ nde hekta 915 (38 nde hekta) nke ala ugbo na United States, naanị ya, na 2012. )[9]

  1. ↑ Ting (9 November 2016). "Integrated Urban Controlled Environment Agriculture Systems". LED Lighting for Urban Agriculture: 19–36. DOI:10.1007/978-981-10-1848-0_2. 
  2. ↑ Controlled Environment Agriculture Center. University of Arizona. Retrieved on 2015-08-16.
  3. ↑ Benke, Kurt and Bruce Tomkins. 2017. "Future Food-Production Systems: Vertical Farming and Controlled-Environment Agriculture." Sustainability: Science, Practice and Policy 13 (1): 13-26.
  4. ↑ Food Crops Grown Under Protection and Sold. Census of Horticulture Specialties. USDA. Retrieved on 30 November 2021.
  5. ↑ Controlled Environment Agriculture Center. Biodynamics Hydroponics. Archived from the original on 2015-08-10. Retrieved on 2015-08-18.
  6. ↑ CEA. Science Illustrated (2011-02-01). Archived from the original on 2015-08-31. Retrieved on 2015-08-16.
  7. ↑ Nicola (2020). "Water Use Efficiency in Greenhouse Systems and its Application in Horticulture". AgroLife Scientific Journal 9 (1). Retrieved on 30 November 2021. 
  8. ↑ Agritech Tomorrow: "Vertical farming and the future of automation in agriculture," Hortibiz Daily World News, retrieved January 9, 2022
  9. ↑ "Farms and Farmland Numbers, Acreage, Ownership, and Use," from Highlights of the 2012 Census of Agricutlure, ACH12-13, September 2014, National Agricultural Statistics Service, of the U.S. Department of Agriculture, retrieved January 10, 2022
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