Ọrịa ihi ụra nke ukwuu
| obere ụdị nke | trypanosomiasis, neglected tropical disease, endemic disease, vector-borne disease, disease  |
|---|---|
| ihe kpatara ya | Trypanosoma brucei, Trypanosoma gambiense, Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense |
| health specialty | infectious diseases |
| nyocha ahụike | physical examination, lumbar puncture, Ugogbe mbusa bekee oji ọkụ, agglutination |
| drug or therapy used for treatment | (RS)-eflornithine, nifurtimox, suramin, pentamidine, melarsoprol |
| usoro nnyefe ọrịa | vector-borne transmission |
| has natural reservoir | Tsetse fly |
| ICD-9-CM | 086.5 |
| NCI Thesaurus ID | C84541, C84541 |
[ [ File:Tsetse foldedWings.jpeg | thumb|260px|Tsetse with folded wings ] ]
African trypanosomiasis ma ọ bụ ọrịa ihi ụra nke ukwuu[1] bụ ọrịa parasaịtị nke ndị mmadụ na anụmanụ ọzọ. Parasaịtị nke otu ụmụ ahụhụ ọrịa ana-akpọ Trypanosoma bruceina-akpata ya.[2] Enwere ụdị abụọ nke na-ewetara ọrịa na anụmanụ, Trypanosoma brucei gambiense (T.b.g) na Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense (T.b.r.).[1] T.b.g na-akpata karịa 98% nke ụdị ọrịa ahụ amatara.[1] Enyefere ndị abụọ site na aru nke ofufe tsetse nkaa nwere ọrịa ahụ ma ọ dị ahụkarị na mpaghara ime obodo.[1]
Na mbido, na agba mbụ nke ọrịa ahụ, enwere ahu oku, isi ọwụwa, oko, ma mgbu nkwonkwo.[1] Nke a na-amalite na izu abụọ na atọ mgbe aru ahụ gachaa.[3] Mgbe ọtụtụ izu na ọnwa, agba abụọ na-amalite na mmesa anya, enweghị ike iche echiche n’ụzọ kwesịrị ekwesị, enweghị ike ebuli aka na ụkwụ na nsogbu na ehi ụra.[1][3] Ana eme nrugosi ụdị ọrịa site na achọ parasaịtị ahụ n’ime ọbara ejikere maka ịlele ma ọ bụ n’ime mmiri mmiri nke enwetara site na nkwonkwo.[3] Achọrọ nnweta mmiri site na ọkpụkpụ azụ n’ọtụtụ mgbe iji kwuo ndịiche n’ime agba mbụ na agba abụọ nke ọrịa ahụ.[3]
Mgbochi ọrịa siri ike na-agụnye nlele ndị mmadụ nke dị n'okpuru ize ndụ ọrịa ahụ na nlele ọbara maka T.b.g.[1] Ọgwụgwọ dịkwa mfe mgbe achọtara ọrịa n’oge na tupu akara ọrịa akwara ga-egosi.[1] Ọgwụgwọ agba mbụ bụ na ọgwụ pentamidine ma ọ bụ suramin.[1] Ọgwụgwọ agba abụọ na-agụnye eflornithine ma ọ bụ nchikọta nke nifurtimox na eflornithine maka T.b.g.[3] N’agbanyeghị na melarsoprol na-arụ ọrụ maka ndị abụọ, ana-eji ya maka T.b.r. naanị n’ọtụtụ oge maka na mmetụta ya n’ahụ.[1]
Ọrịa a na-eme mgbe nile n'ụfọdụ mpaghara nke Ndịda ọhịa Sahara nke Afrịka, ebee ndị mmadụ n’okpuru ize ndụ bụ ruo nde 70 na obodo 36.[4] N’afọ 2010 ọ mere ọnwụ ruo 9,000, nbelata site na 34,000 n’afọ 1990.[5] Ndị mmadụ ruo 30,000 nwere ọrịa ahụ ugbu a, na ọrịa ofufe ọhụrụ 7000 n’afọ 2012.[1] Karịa 80% n’ime ndị mmadụ ndị a bi na Rịpụbilikị Keochichi ndị nkiti nke Congo.[1] Ihe ndapụta atọ dị mkpa ya mere na akụkọ ọhụrụ: Otu site na 1896 na 1906 tumadu na Uganda na Mmiri nke agaghịnihu Congo na abụọ n’afọ 1920 na 1970 n’ọtụtụ obodo na Afrịka.[1] Anumanu ọzọ, dịka ehi, nwere ike ịbu ọrịa na nwee ọrịa.[1]
References
dezie- ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 1.12 1.13 WHO Media centre (June 2013). "Fact sheet N°259: Trypanosomiasis, Human African (sleeping sickness)".
- ↑ MedlinePlus Encyclopedia Sleeping sickness
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 Kennedy, PG (2013 Feb). "Clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment of human African trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness).". Lancet neurology 12 (2): 186-94. PMID 23260189.
- ↑ Simarro PP, Cecchi G, Franco JR, Paone M, Diarra A, Ruiz-Postigo JA, Fèvre EM, Mattioli RC, Jannin JG (2012). "Estimating and Mapping the Population at Risk of Sleeping Sickness". PLoS Negl Trop Dis 6 (10): e1859. DOI:10.1371/journal.pntd.0001859.
- ↑ Lozano, R (Dec 15, 2012). "Global and regional mortality from 235 causes of death for 20 age groups in 1990 and 2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010.". Lancet 380 (9859): 2095–128. DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61728-0. PMID 23245604.