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Ịmụ nwa n'ime mmiri

Ịmụ nwa n'ime mmiri bụ ọrụ na mgbe ụfọdụ ịmụ nwa nke na-eme na mmiri, na-abụkarị ọdọ mmiri ịmụ nwa. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists anaghị atụ aro ịmụ nwa n'ime mmiri n'ihi na enweghi ike ikpebi nchekwa.[1] Ndị na-akwado ya kwenyere na ịmụ nwa n'ime mmiri na-ebute ahụmịhe dị jụụ, nke na-adịchaghị mgbu nke na-akwalite ụdị nlekọta nke onye na-amụ nwa.[2] Ndị nkatọ na-ekwu na enweghi ihe akaebe sayensị na nchekwa nke ịmụ nwa nakwa na edere ọtụtụ nsonaazụ ọjọọ nke nwa ọhụrụ, gụnyere mmụba nke ọrịa nne ma ọ bụ nwa na ohere nke mmiri riri nwa ọhụrụ.[3] Nnyocha Cochrane nke puku nari abuo na iri asato nke imikpu mmiri na ọkwa mbụ nke ịmụ nwa chọpụtara ihe akaebe nke obere epidurals na mmetụta ọjọọ ole na ole mana ozi ezughi oke gbasara ịmụ nwa na mmiri.[4]

Nne na-ekere òkè na ọmụmụ mmiri.
Ịmụ nwa n'ime mmiri

Ihe akaebe dị nro na nke na-adịghị ike na-egosi na imikpu mmiri n'oge mbụ nke ịmụ nwa na-ebelata ihe mgbu nke ịmụ nwa.[4] Nnyocha Cochrane nke afọ puku nari abuo na iri asato chọpụtara na imikpu n'ime mmiri n'oge a na-ebelata ojiji nke epidural analgesia; Otú ọ dị, enweghị ihe akaebe doro anya banyere uru nke imikpu n"ime mmiri maka ọkwa nke abụọ nke ịmụ nwa, ya bụ, ịmụ nwa (mgbe ụfọdụ a na-akpọ ọmụmụ mmiri zuru ezu).[4] Enweghị ihe akaebe nke mmetụta ọjọọ na-arịwanye elu maka imikpu n'ime mmiri n'oge nke mbụ ma ọ bụ nke abụọ nke ịmụ nwa.[4]

Nnyocha nke afọ puku nari abuo na iri asato kọrọ na imikpu mmiri n'oge nke mbụ nke ịmụ nwa nwere ike belata ogologo nke oge ahụ, ihe mgbu nke ịmụ nwa, na ojiji nke epidural ma ọ bụ spinal analgesia. A na-ejikọkwa ya na ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ala nke ịmụ nwa na mgbaàmà nke enweghị ike ịba mamịrị ụbọchị iri ano na abuo mgbe ịmụ nwa gasịrị. Nnyocha ahụ kọrọ na imikpu n'ime mmiri n'oge ịmụ nwa apụtaghị na ọ na-eme ka ọnụ ọgụgụ ọrịa dị elu maka nne ma ọ bụ nwa ahụ, na akara APGAR maka nwa ọhụrụ ahụ yiri nke ọmụmụ nkịtị.[5]

British Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists na Royal College of Midwives wepụtara nkwupụta jikọrọ aka na puku nari abuo na isi na-akwado ọmụmụ mmiri maka ụmụ nwanyị nwere ahụike nwere afọ ime na-enweghị mgbagwoju anya mana anaghị atụ aro ya n'ọnọdụ mgbagwoju.[6]

Na nkọwa nke afọ puku nari abuo na ise, Kọmitii na nwa ebu n'afọ na A mụrụ ọhụrụ nke American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) wepụtara nyocha nke akwụkwọ sayensị gbasara ọmụmụ n'okpuru mmiri. Kọmitii ahụ kwuru ọtụtụ nyocha dị mma maka ọmụmụ n'okpuru mmiri mana ọ gara n'ihu katọọ ha maka enweghị njikwa sayensị kwesịrị ekwesị, ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ukwuu nke ọnwụ na ọrịa ụmụaka, na enweghị ozi iji kwado ojiji nke ọmụmụ mmiri. Akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ kwubiri, sị:[7]   AAP natara ọtụtụ akwụkwọ ozi na nzaghachi maka nkwupụta ahụ, ọtụtụ na-azọrọ na ọmụmụ mmiri nwere uru siri ike na obere ihe ize ndụ maka ndị nne na nna na ụmụaka ma na-akatọ AAP maka ịghara ibipụta nyocha dị mma banyere omume ahụ. Na nzaghachi, onye dere nkwupụta ahụ kwuru na nkwupụta ndị e mere enweghị ihe akaebe ma dabere naanị na ihe akaebe, na-enweghị nnwale randomized (RCTs) nke ga-enye ohere nyocha nke nchekwa na uru nke ọmụmụ mmiri. Onye edemede ahụ mechiri site n'ịgba ndị na-akwado ya ume ka ha kwado ikpe dị otú ahụ ka e wee nwee ike ịza ajụjụ ahụ. Onye nchịkọta akụkọ nke akwụkwọ akụkọ Pediatrics, ebe e bipụtara nkọwa ahụ, kwuru na ọ dịghị ule dị otú ahụ e nyefere na akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ, nke nwere iwu megide ibipụta isiokwu ndị na-adabereghị na ihe akaebe sayensị. Azịza ahụ kwubiri na "Enwetabeghị m nkọwa ọ bụla dabere na sayensị site n'aka ndị ị depụtara n'akwụkwọ ozi gị. Anyị enweghị ike ibipụta akwụkwọ ozi ọ bụla, dabere naanị n'echiche, nke anyị natara. "[8]

Ọtụtụ ụlọ ọgwụ anaghị anabata ọmụmụ mmiri n'ihi ihe ize ndụ ndị ọzọ. Ọ bụ ezie na e nwere ihe akaebe dị nro na nke na-adịghị ike na ọmụmụ mmiri na-ebelata ihe mgbu na-enweghị mkpa maka epidural, ọ nweghị ihe akaebe maka ahụike nke mere na nne na-atụ anya ga-eji chọọ ọmụmụ mmiri.[4] Ọzọkwa, e nwere ibu ọrụ ọzọ nke ịmụ nwa n'ụlọ ọgwụ n'ihi enweghị ike ịhụ ihe mgbagwoju anya nwere ike ime site na mmiri.[9] Ya mere, a na-amụ ọtụtụ nwa n'ụlọ. Otú ọ dị, e nwere ụfọdụ ụlọ ọgwụ ndị ka na-enye ebe ịmụ nwa ọzọ maka ezinụlọ ndị chọrọ ịmụ nwa. [citation needed]

Ọdọ mmiri ọmụmụ bụ arịa e mere n'ụzọ pụrụ iche nke nwere mmiri maka ụmụ nwanyị iji mikpuo onwe ha maka ibelata ihe mgbu n'oge ịmụ nwa. Ọdọ mmiri ọmụmụ na-arụ ọrụ n'otu ụkpụrụ ahụ dị ka ịsa ahụ, mana ha dị iche na ha n'ihi nnwere onwe na-ese n'elu mmiri na nnwere onwe ịkwaga, ihe ndị a na-ewere dị ka ihe dị mkpa n'ọrụ.[10][11] Enwere ike itinye ọdọ mmiri ọmụmụ na-adịgide adịgide ma ọ bụ na-ebugharị. A na-akpọkarị ịbanye n'ime ọdọ mmiri maka ịmụ nwa n'ihi na ụfọdụ ụmụ nwanyị na-ahọrọ ịnọ n'ime mmiri maka ịmụkwa.

Iwu ahụike na England na-ekwu na a ga-enye ụmụ nwanyị ohere ịrụ ọrụ na mmiri site na mbipụta nke ntuziaka nlekọta Intrapartum nke National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) nyere na puku nari abuo na asa Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists na Royal College of Midwives ejikọtala aka kwado ọrụ na ịmụ nwa na mmiri, ma gbaa ụlọ ọgwụ ume iji hụ na ụmụ nwanyị niile nwere ọdọ mmiri ọmụmụ.[6]

Tupu ọdọ mmiri ọmụmụ dị mfe, e nwere ọtụtụ akụkọ banyere ụmụ nwanyị na-arụ ọrụ ma na-amụ nwa na ngwaahịa ndị yiri ite mmiri gụnyere ite mmiri anụmanụ.[12]

Ebe ịsa ahụ nkịtị a na-ahụ n'ụlọ ndị Amerika na ndị Britain anaghị enye ohere zuru ezu maka ụmụ nwanyị iji mee ka ha na-agagharị ma nwalee ọnọdụ dị iche iche n'ọrụ, dị ka ịrapara ma ọ bụ ikpere n'ala, ọ dịghịkwa omimi iji mepụta ihe na-ese n'elu mmiri. Iji mepụta mmetụta nke enweghị ibu site na ịwụli elu, ọ dị mkpa ka mmiri kpuchie ara ụmụ nwanyị mgbe ọ nọ ọdụ ma kpuchie afọ ya mgbe ọ na-anọdụ ala, na-adabere n'akụkụ ọdọ mmiri ma ọ bụ na-egbu ikpere n'ala n'ọdọ mmiri ahụ na-anwụ n'ụkwụ ya.

Ọdọ mmiri ọmụmụ mbụ nke Michel Odent, onye malitere echiche nke ọdọ mmiri ọmụmụ, na ụlọ ọgwụ Pithiviers na France na mbido afọ puku nari iteghete na asato bụ mita abuo (isi ft asa in) n'obosara na sentimita iri ise (iri abuo na abuo n) miri emi, buru ibu iji nabata mmadụ abụọ ma mee ka o sie ike maka mgbochi usoro ọmụmụ.[13] Ọdọ mmiri ọmụmụ nke oge a dị ntakịrị, na dayameta n'etiti 110-150 cm (43-59 in) na ọ dịkarịa ala iri ise cm (iri abuo in), ọkacha mma iri ise na isi cm (iri abuo na abuo in), nke mmiri.[14]

Ihe odide

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  1. ↑ American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (November 2016). Clinical Guideline: Immersion in Water During Labor and Delivery. Retrieved on August 4, 2020.
  2. ↑ Cluett (2009). "Immersion in water in labour and birth". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (2): CD000111. DOI:10.1002/14651858.CD000111.pub3. PMID 19370552. 
  3. ↑ Schroeter (2004). "Water Births: A Naked Emperor". Pediatrics 114 (3): 855–858. DOI:10.1542/peds.2004-0145. PMID 15342864. 
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 Cluett (2018-05-16). "Immersion in water during labour and birth". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 5 (6): CD000111. DOI:10.1002/14651858.CD000111.pub4. ISSN 1469-493X. PMID 29768662. 
  5. ↑ Yinglin Liu (2014). "A comparison of maternal and neonatal outcomes between water immersion during labor and conventional labor and delivery". Research Article 14 (1). DOI:10.1186/1471-2393-14-160. PMID 24886438. 
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Immersion in water during labour and birth. Royal College of Midwives/Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists (2006). Archived from the original on 2009-04-13. Retrieved on 2012-08-29.
  7. ↑ Committee On Fetus Newborn (2005). "Underwater Births". Pediatrics 115 (5): 1413–1414. DOI:10.1542/peds.2004-1738. PMID 15867054. 
  8. ↑ Hess (2005). "Strong Opinions Versus Science in Water-Birth Controversy". Pediatrics 116 (2): 522–523; author 523 523. DOI:10.1542/peds.2005-1334. PMID 16061620. 
  9. ↑ Can I Have a Water Birth in a Hospital? (EN). Parents. Archived from the original on 2021-09-25. Retrieved on 2020-08-04.
  10. ↑ Harper, R.N. (2005). Gentle Birth Choices. Inner Traditions, 175. ISBN 1-59477-067-0. 
  11. ↑ Tips on encouraging a straightforward birth during labour. National Childbirth Trust. Archived from the original on 28 August 2017. Retrieved on 27 August 2017.
  12. ↑ Bertram (2000). Choosing Waterbirth. USA: Hampton Roads Publishing Company, Inc, 31. ISBN 1-57174-152-6. 
  13. ↑ Harper (2005). Gentle Birth Choices. USA: Inner Traditions, 175–176. ISBN 1-59477-067-0. 
  14. ↑ Lichy (1993). The Waterbirth Handbook. UK: Gateway Books, 63, 132. ISBN 0-946551-70-7. 
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