Ọbanife:PK2/List of sovereign states

Àtụ:Redirect8

This is a list of sovereign states, containing 203 entries, giving an overview of states around the world with information on the status and recognition of their sovereignty. For the sake of clarity, it is divided into two parts. The first part lists all 193 widely recognised sovereign states, including all member states of the United Nations. The second part lists states which either have de facto or de jure status, or both, but which are not universally recognised by other states. Both parts are arranged alphabetically.

Compiling a list such as this can be a difficult and controversial process, as the status of many entries are disputed. For information on the criteria used to determine the contents of this list, please see the "criteria for inclusion" section below. For more general information on sovereign states, please see "sovereign state".

Àtụ:CompactTOC8

Internationally recognized sovereign states dezie

Àtụ:Complete

Name in English and the official languages of the state[1] Information on status and recognition of sovereignty[2]

A dezie


Abkhazia Àtụ:Arrow Other states

Àtụ:Country data Afghanistan – Islamic Republic of Afghanistan

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


  Albania – Republic of Albania
  • Albanian: Shqipëria – Republika e Shqipërise

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


  Algeria – People's Democratic Republic of Algeria
  • Arabic: الجزائر – الجمهورية الجزائرية الديمقراطية الشعبية Àtụ:Rom

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


Àtụ:Country data Andorra – Principality of Andorra
  • Catalan: Andorra – Principat d’Andorra

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


  Angola – Republic of Angola

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN. A separatist government in exile claims independence for Cabinda.[3]


Àtụ:Country data Antigua and Barbuda

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN. Antigua and Barbuda is a Commonwealth realm[4] and has a division (dependency), Barbuda, with an autonomous status.[5]


Àtụ:Country data Argentina – Argentine Republic[6]
  • Spanish: Argentina – República Argentina

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN. Argentina is a federation[7] divided into provinces and one federal district. Argentina also claims sovereignty over the British overseas territories of the Falkland Islands and South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands.[8]


Àtụ:Country data Armenia – Republic of Armenia
  • Armenian: Հայաստան – Հայաստանի Հանրապետություն Àtụ:Rom

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


  Australia – Commonwealth of Australia
  • English: Australia – Commonwealth of Australia

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN. Australia is a Commonwealth realm[4] and a federation[7] of states and territories. Australia has sovereignty over:

Australia claims sovereignty over parts of Antarctica as:


  Austria – Republic of Austria
  • German: Österreich – Republik Österreich

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN and the EU.[9] Austria is a federation[7] divided into federal-states (Bundesländer).


Àtụ:Country data Azerbaijan – Republic of Azerbaijan

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN. Azerbaijan has one autonomous republic, Nakhchivan and the autonomous region of Nagorno-Karabakh (Dağlıq Qarabağ,).[5] In Nagorno-Karabakh, a de facto country in the de jure territory of Azerbaijan has been established.


B dezie


Àtụ:Country data Bahamas – Commonwealth of The Bahamas
  • English: The Bahamas – Commonwealth of The Bahamas

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN. The Bahamas is a Commonwealth realm.[4]


Àtụ:Country data Bahrain – Kingdom of Bahrain

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


Àtụ:Country data Bangladesh – People's Republic of Bangladesh
  • Bengali: বাংলাদেশ – গণপ্রজাতন্ত্রী বাংলাদেশ Àtụ:Rom

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


Àtụ:Country data Barbados

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN. Barbados is a Commonwealth realm.[4]


Àtụ:Country data Belarus – Republic of Belarus

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


Àtụ:Country data Belgium – Kingdom of Belgium
  • Dutch: België – Koninkrijk België
  • French: Belgique – Royaume de Belgique
  • German: Belgien – Königreich Belgien

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN and the EU.[9] Belgium is a federation[7] divided into linguistic communities and regions.


Àtụ:Country data Belize

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN. Belize is a Commonwealth realm.[4]


  Benin – Republic of Benin[10]
  • French: Bénin – République du Bénin

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


  Bhutan – Kingdom of Bhutan
  • Dzongkha: འབྲུག་ཡུལ་ - འབྲུག་རྒྱལ་ཁབ་ Àtụ:Rom

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


Àtụ:Country data Bolivia – Plurinational State of Bolivia
  • Spanish: Bolivia – Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia
  • Quechua: Bulibiya – Bulibiya Mama Llaqta
  • Aymara: Wuliwya – Wuliwya Suyu

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


Àtụ:Country data Bosnia and Herzegovina

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN. As a result of the Dayton Agreement between Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia and the former Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, Bosnia and Herzegovina is divided into two constituent entities:[11]


  Botswana – Republic of Botswana
  • Tswana: Botswana – Lefatshe la Botswana
  • English: Botswana – Republic of Botswana

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


Àtụ:Country data Brazil – Federative Republic of Brazil
  • Portuguese: Brasil – República Federativa do Brasil

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN. Brazil is a federation[7] divided into states and one federal district.


Àtụ:Country data Brunei – State of Brunei, Abode of Peace

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN. Brunei claims sovereignty over part of the Spratly Islands.[12]


Àtụ:Country data Bulgaria – Republic of Bulgaria

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN and the EU.[9]


  Burkina Faso[13]

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


Àtụ:Country data Burma – Union of Myanmar
  • Burmese: ဴမြန်မာပြည် — ပြည်ထောင်စုမြန်မာနိုင်ငံတော် Àtụ:Rom

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


  Burundi – Republic of Burundi
  • Kirundi: Uburundi – Republika y'Uburundi
  • French: Burundi – République du Burundi

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


C dezie


Àtụ:Country data Cambodia – Kingdom of Cambodia
  • Khmer: កម្ពុជា - ព្រះរាជាណាចក្រ កម្ពុជា
Àtụ:Rom

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


  Cameroon – Republic of Cameroon
  • French: Cameroun – République du Cameroun
  • English: Cameroon – Republic of Cameroon

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


  Canada[14]

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN. Canada is a Commonwealth realm[4] and a federation[7] divided into provinces and territories.


Àtụ:Country data Cape Verde – Republic of Cape Verde
  • Portuguese: Cabo Verde – República de Cabo Verde

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


  Central African Republic
  • French: République Centrafricaine
  • Sango: Ködörösêse tî Bêafrîka

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


  Chad – Republic of Chad

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


Àtụ:Country data Chile – Republic of Chile
  • Spanish: Chile – República de Chile

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN. Easter Island and the Juan Fernández Islands are "special territories" of Chile. The Desventuradas Islands and Isla Salas y Gómez are part of the Valparaíso Region.


Àtụ:Country data China – People's Republic of China[15]

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.[16] Commonly known as China, the People's Republic of China (PRC) has five autonomous regions: Guangxi, Inner Mongolia, Ningxia, Xinjiang and Tibet.[5] Additionally, it has sovereignty over the Special Administrative Regions of:

It also claims:


China, Republic of Àtụ:Arrow Taiwan Àtụ:Arrow Other states

Àtụ:Country data Colombia – Republic of Colombia
  • Spanish: Colombia – República de Colombia

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN. Colombia is an independent republic with 31 departments (including the Archipelago of San Andrés, Providencia and Santa Catalina) and one capital district (Bogotá).


  Comoros – Union of the Comoros

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN. The Comoros is a federation with autonomous islands.[5][7] The Comoros dispute the French sovereignty over Mayotte and the Glorioso Islands.[8]


  Congo, Democratic Republic of the (Congo-Kinshasa)[22]
  • French: Congo – République Démocratique du Congo

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


Àtụ:Country data Congo, Republic of the (Congo-Brazzaville)
  • French: Congo – République du Congo

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


  Costa Rica – Republic of Costa Rica
  • Spanish: Costa Rica – República de Costa Rica

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


  Côte d'Ivoire – Republic of Côte d'Ivoire (Ivory Coast)
  • French: Côte d'Ivoire – République de Côte d'Ivoire

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


Àtụ:Country data Croatia – Republic of Croatia
  • Croatian: Hrvatska – Republika Hrvatska

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


Àtụ:Country data Cuba – Republic of Cuba
  • Spanish: Cuba – República de Cuba

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN. The Cuban area of Guantánamo Bay is, along with the Guantanamo Bay Naval Base, under the permanent control (with no claim of sovereignty) of the United States, which pays rent under terms of the Cuban-American Treaty of 1903.


Àtụ:Country data Cyprus – Republic of Cyprus
  • Greek: Κύπρος – Κυπριακή ΔημοκρατίαÀtụ:Rom
  • Turkish: Kıbrıs – Kıbrıs Cumhuriyeti

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized[23] member of the UN and the EU.[9] See Northern Cyprus for the de facto state in the de jure territory of Cyprus.


Àtụ:Country data Czech Republic[24]
  • Czech: Česko – Česká republika

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN and the EU.[9]


D dezie


  Denmark – Kingdom of Denmark
  • Danish: Danmark – Kongeriget Danmark

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN and the EU.[9] The Kingdom of Denmark also includes two autonomous areas. For more information, see Rigsfællesskabet.


  Djibouti – Republic of Djibouti

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


Àtụ:Country data Dominica – Commonwealth of Dominica
  • English: Dominica – Commonwealth of Dominica

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


Àtụ:Country data Dominican Republic

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


E dezie


Àtụ:Country data East Timor – Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste[25]
  • Tetum: Timor Lorosa'e – Repúblika Demokrátika Timor Lorosa'e
  • Portuguese: Timor-Leste – República Democrática de Timor-Leste

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


Àtụ:Country data Ecuador – Republic of Ecuador
  • Spanish: Ecuador – República del Ecuador

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


  Egypt – Arab Republic of Egypt

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


Àtụ:Country data El Salvador – Republic of El Salvador
  • Spanish: El Salvador – República de El Salvador

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


  Equatorial Guinea – Republic of Equatorial Guinea
  • Spanish: Guinea Ecuatorial – República de Guinea Ecuatorial
  • French: Guinée Équatoriale – République de Guinée Équatoriale
  • Portuguese: Guiné Equatorial – República da Guiné Equatorial

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


  Eritrea – State of Eritrea

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


Àtụ:Country data Estonia – Republic of Estonia

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN and the EU.[9]


  Ethiopia – Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia
  • Amharic: ኢትዮጵያ – የኢትዮጵያ ፈደራላዊ ዲሞክራሲያዊ ሪፐብሊክÀtụ:Rom

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN. Ethiopia is a federation[7] divided into regions and chartered cities.


F dezie


Àtụ:Country data Fiji – Republic of the Fiji Islands
  • Fijian: Viti – Matanitu Tu-Vaka-i-koya ko Viti
  • English: Fiji – Republic of the Fiji Islands
  • Hindustani:[26] फ़िजी / فِجی – फ़िजी गणराज्य / فِجی رپبلک

Àtụ:Rom[27]Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN. Fiji has an autonomous region (dependency), Rotuma.[5]


Àtụ:Country data Finland – Republic of Finland
  • Finnish: Suomi – Suomen tasavalta
  • Swedish: Finland – Republiken Finland

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN and the EU.[9]


Àtụ:Country data France – French Republic
  • French: France – République française

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN and the EU.[9] The French overseas regions/departments (French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Martinique and Réunion) are legally part of France and France possesses the uninhabited Clipperton Island. French sovereignty also includes the overseas territories of:

French sovereignty over Bassas da India, Europa Island and Juan de Nova Island is disputed by Madagascar, over Glorioso Islands by Madagascar, the Seychelles and the Comoros, and over Tromelin Island by Mauritius and the Seychelles.[8]


G dezie


  Gabon – Gabonese Republic
  • French: Gabon – République Gabonaise

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


Àtụ:Country data The Gambia – Republic of The Gambia
  • English: The Gambia – Republic of The Gambia

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


Àtụ:Country data Georgia

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN. Georgia has three divisions with autonomous statuses:[5]

Both in Abkhazia and South Ossetia, de facto states inside the de jure territory of Georgia have been formed.


  Germany – Federal Republic of Germany
  • German: Deutschland – Bundesrepublik Deutschland

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN and the EU.[9] Germany is a federation[7] divided into states (Länder).


  Ghana – Republic of Ghana
  • English: Ghana – Republic of Ghana

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


  Greece – Hellenic Republic

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN and the EU.[9] Greece has sovereignty over Mount Athos, an autonomous monastic state that is jointly governed by the multi-national "Holy Community" on the mountain and the Civil Governor appointed by the Greek Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and spiritually comes under the direct jurisdiction of the Ecumenical Patriarchate.


Àtụ:Country data Grenada

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN. Grenada is a Commonwealth realm.[4]


Àtụ:Country data Guatemala – Republic of Guatemala
  • Spanish: Guatemala – República de Guatemala

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


  Guinea – Republic of Guinea
  • French: Guinée – République de Guinée

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


  Guinea-Bissau – Republic of Guinea-Bissau
  • Portuguese: Guiné-Bissau – República da Guiné-Bissau

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


Àtụ:Country data Guyana – Co-operative Republic of Guyana
  • English: Guyana – Co-operative Republic of Guyana

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


H dezie


Àtụ:Country data Haiti – Republic of Haiti

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN. Haiti claims the uninhabited United States possession of Navassa Island.[8]


Holy See Àtụ:Arrow Vatican City

Àtụ:Country data Honduras – Republic of Honduras
  • Spanish: Honduras – República de Honduras

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


Àtụ:Country data Hungary – Republic of Hungary
  • Hungarian: Magyarország – Magyar Köztársaság

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN and the EU.[9]


I dezie


  Iceland – Republic of Iceland

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


Àtụ:Country data India – Republic of India
  • Hindi: भारत – भारत गणराज्य Àtụ:Rom
  • English: India – Republic of India
  • Assamese: ভাৰত - ভাৰত গণৰাজ্য Àtụ:Rom
  • Bengali: ভারত - ভারতীয় প্রজাতন্ত্র Àtụ:Rom
  • Bhojpuri: भारत - भारत गणराज्य Àtụ:Rom
  • Gujarati: ભારત - ભારતીય પ્રજાસત્તાક Àtụ:Rom
  • Kannada : ಭಾರತ - ಭಾರತ ಗಣರಾಜ್ಯ Àtụ:Rom
  • Kashmiri: ہِندوستان Àtụ:Rom
  • Konkani: भारत - भारत गणराज्य
  • Malayalam: ഭാരതം - ഭാരത ഗണരാജ്യം
  • Meitei Manipuri: ভারত - ভারত গণরাজ্য
  • Marathi: भारत - भारतीय प्रजासत्ताक
  • Nepali: भारत - भारत गणराज्य
  • Oriya: ଭାରତ - ଭାରତ ଗଣରାଜ୍ଯ
  • Punjabi: ਭਾਰਤ - ਭਾਰਤ ਗਣਤੰਤਰ
  • Sanskrit: भारतम् - भारत गणराज्यम्
  • Sindhi: भारत गणराज्य, ڀارت، - هندستانڀارت، भारत ڀارت،
  • Tamil: இந்தியா - இந்தியக் குடியரசு
  • Telugu: భారత్ - భారత గణతంత్ర రాజ్యము
  • Urdu: جمہوریہ بھارت - جمہوریہ بھارت

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN. India is a federation[7] divided into states and union territories. The Indian sovereignty over Arunachal Pradesh is disputed by the People's Republic of China.[8] India claims sovereignty over and administers part of Kashmir.[21]


Àtụ:Country data Indonesia – Republic of Indonesia

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN. Indonesia has four provinces with special statuses, Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam, Yogyakarta Special Region, Papua, and Jakarta Special Capital Region.[5] Separatist governments in exile claim independence for the Republic of the South Moluccas, the Republic of West Papua, and the Sultanate of Nangroe Aceh Darusalam.[29]


Àtụ:Country data Iran – Islamic Republic of Iran

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN. Divided into provinces and counties


Àtụ:Country data Iraq – Republic of Iraq

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN. Iraq's constitution labels the country as a federation[7][30] divided into regions, governorates and the capital district. At present the only region is Iraqi Kurdistan.


Àtụ:Country data Ireland[31]

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN and the EU.[9]


Àtụ:Country data Israel – State of Israel

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.[32] Israel occupies East Jerusalem, the Golan Heights and parts of the West Bank. These areas are not internationally recognized as being part of Israel.[8] Israel no longer has a permanent military presence in the Gaza Strip, following its unilateral disengagement but is still the occupying power under International law, a status disputed by few.[33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42] For more information, see also: Palestinian National Authority.


  Italy – Italian Republic
  • Italian: Italia – Repubblica Italiana

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN and the EU.[9] Italy has autonomous regions, Aosta Valley, Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Sardinia, Sicily and Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol.[5]


Ivory Coast Àtụ:Arrow Côte d'Ivoire

J dezie


Àtụ:Country data Jamaica

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN. Jamaica is a Commonwealth realm.[4]


Àtụ:Country data Japan – State of Japan

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


Àtụ:Country data Jordan – Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan
  • Arabic: الاردن – المملكة الأردنّيّة الهاشميّة Àtụ:Rom

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


K dezie


Àtụ:Country data Kazakhstan – Republic of Kazakhstan
  • Kazakh: Қазақстан Республикасы/Qazaqstan Respwblïkası
  • Russian: Республика Казахстан/Respublika Kazakhstan
  • Ukrainian: Казахстан - Республіка Казахстан
  • German: Kasachstan - Republik Kasachstan

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


  Kenya – Republic of Kenya
  • English: Kenya – Republic of Kenya
  • Swahili: Kenya – Jamhuri ya Kenya

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


Àtụ:Country data Kiribati – Republic of Kiribati
  • Gilbertese: Kiribati – Ribaberikin Kiribati
  • English: Kiribati – Republic of Kiribati

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


Àtụ:Country data North Korea – Democratic People's Republic of Korea

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


  Korea, South – Republic of Korea

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


Kosovo Àtụ:Arrow Other states

  Kuwait – State of Kuwait

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


Àtụ:Country data Kyrgyzstan – Kyrgyz Republic
  • Kyrgyz: Кыргызстан – Кыргыз Республикасы Àtụ:Rom
  • Russian: Кыргызстан – Кыргызская республика Àtụ:Rom

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


L dezie


Àtụ:Country data Laos – Lao People's Democratic Republic
  • Lao: ນລາວ – ສາທາລະນະລັດປະຊາທິປະໄຕ ປະຊາຊົນລາວ Àtụ:Rom

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


Àtụ:Country data Latvia – Republic of Latvia
  • Latvian: Latvija – Latvijas Republika

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN and the EU.[9]


Àtụ:Country data Lebanon – Republic of Lebanon

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


  Lesotho – Kingdom of Lesotho
  • English: Lesotho – Kingdom of Lesotho
  • Sotho: Lesotho – Mmuso wa Lesotho

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


  Liberia – Republic of Liberia
  • English: Liberia – Republic of Liberia

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


  Libya – Socialist People's Libyan Arab Great Jamahiriya
  • Arabic: ليبيا – الجماهيرية العربية الليبية الشعبية الإشتراكية العظمى Àtụ:Rom

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


Àtụ:Country data Liechtenstein – Principality of Liechtenstein
  • German: Liechtenstein – Fürstentum Liechtenstein

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


Àtụ:Country data Lithuania – Republic of Lithuania

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN and the EU.[9]


Àtụ:Country data Luxembourg – Grand Duchy of Luxembourg
  • Luxembourgish: Lëtzebuerg – Groussherzogdem Lëtzebuerg
  • French: Luxembourg – Grand-Duché du Luxembourg
  • German: Luxemburg – Großherzogtum Luxemburg

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN and the EU.[9]


M dezie


Àtụ:Country data Macedonia[44] – Republic of Macedonia

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN, provisionally referred to by many international organisations and some countries as the "former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia", see Macedonia naming dispute.


  Madagascar – Republic of Madagascar
  • Malagasy: Madagasikara – Repoblikan'i Madagasikara
  • French: Madagascar – Republique de Madagascar

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN. Madagascar claims the French possessions of the Glorioso Islands and Juan de Nova Island.[8]


  Malawi – Republic of Malawi
  • English: Malawi – Republic of Malawi
  • Chewa: Malaŵi – Mfuko la Malaŵi

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


Àtụ:Country data Malaysia
  • Malay: Malaysia
  • Tamil: மலேசியா
  • Chinese: 马来西亚 - Mă Lái Xī Yà

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN. Malaysia is a federation[7] divided into states and federal territories. Malaysia claims part of the Spratly Islands.[12]


Àtụ:Country data Maldives – Republic of Maldives

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


  Mali – Republic of Mali
  • French: Mali – République du Mali

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


Àtụ:Country data Malta – Republic of Malta
  • Maltese: Malta – Repubblika ta' Malta
  • English: Malta – Republic of Malta

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN and the EU.[9]


Àtụ:Country data Marshall Islands – Republic of the Marshall Islands
  • Marshallese: Aorōkin M̧ajeļ – Aolepān Aorōkin M̧ajeļ
  • English: Marshall Islands – Republic of the Marshall Islands

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN under Compact of Free Association with the United States. The Marshall Islands claim the United States territory of Wake Island.[8]


  Mauritania – Islamic Republic of Mauritania
  • Arabic: موريتانيا – الجمهورية الإسلامية الموريتانية Àtụ:Rom
  • French: Mauritanie – République Islamique de la Mauritanie

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


  Mauritius – Republic of Mauritius
  • English: Mauritius – Republic of Mauritius

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN. Mauritius has an autonomous island, Rodrigues.[5] Mauritius claims the British Indian Ocean Territory and the French island of Tromelin.[8]


Àtụ:Country data Mexico – United Mexican States
  • Spanish: México – Estados Unidos Mexicanos

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN. Mexico is a federation[7] divided into states and one federal district.


Àtụ:Country data Micronesia – Federated States of Micronesia
  • English: Micronesia – Federated States of Micronesia

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN under Compact of Free Association with the United States. Micronesia is a federation[7] divided into states.


Àtụ:Country data Moldova – Republic of Moldova

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN. See Transnistria for the de facto state inside the de jure territory of Moldova.


Àtụ:Country data Monaco – Principality of Monaco
  • French: Monaco – Principauté de Monaco
  • Monegasque: Múnegu – Principatu de Múnegu
  • Italian: Monaco - Principato di Monaco

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


Àtụ:Country data Mongolia

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


Àtụ:Country data Montenegro

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


  Morocco – Kingdom of Morocco

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN. Morocco claims sovereignty over the Western Sahara and controls most of it, which is disputed by the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic. Morocco disputes the Spanish sovereignty over Ceuta, Isla de Alborán, Isla Perejil, Islas Chafarinas, Melilla and Peñón de Alhucemas.[8]


  Mozambique – Republic of Mozambique
  • Portuguese: Moçambique – República de Moçambique

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


Myanmar Àtụ:Arrow Burma

N dezie


Nagorno-Karabakh Àtụ:Arrow Other states

  Namibia – Republic of Namibia
  • English: Namibia – Republic of Namibia

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


Àtụ:Country data Nauru – Republic of Nauru
  • Nauruan: Naoero – Ripublik Naoero
  • English: Nauru – Republic of Nauru

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


Àtụ:Country data Nepal – Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal
  • Nepali: नेपाल – संघिय लोकतन्त्रिक गणतन्त्र नेपाल Àtụ:Rom

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


Àtụ:Country data Kingdom of the Netherlands – Kingdom of the Netherlands
  • Dutch: Nederland – Koninkrijk der Nederlanden
  • Papiamentu: Hulanda (or Ulanda) - Reino di Hulanda
  • English Netherlands - Kingdom of the Netherlands

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN and the EU.[9] Legally the Netherlands refers to the European part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, with the latter consisting of one European country:

and the two overseas (associated) countries:


  New Zealand

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN. New Zealand is a Commonwealth realm[4] and has responsibilities for the two free associated states of:

The dependent territory of:

New Zealand also claims sovereignty over parts of Antarctica as:


Àtụ:Country data Nicaragua – Republic of Nicaragua
  • Spanish: Nicaragua – República de Nicaragua

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


  Niger – Republic of Niger
  • French: Niger – République du Niger

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


  Nigeria – Federal Republic of Nigeria
  • English: Nigeria – Federal Republic of Nigeria
  • Yorùbá: Naìjírìà - Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Àpapọ̀ Ilẹ̀ Naìjírìà

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN. Nigeria is a federation[7] divided into states and one federal district.


Northern Cyprus Àtụ:Arrow Other states

North Korea Àtụ:Arrow Korea, Democratic People's Republic of

  Norway – Kingdom of Norway

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN. Svalbard is an integral part of Norway, but has a special status due to the Spitsbergen Treaty. The overseas uninhabited possessions of Bouvet Island and Jan Mayen are integral parts of Norway. The Norwegian claim of Peter I Island and Queen Maud Land (Antarctica) as part of Norway is suspended.[50]


O dezie


Àtụ:Country data Oman – Sultanate of Oman

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


P dezie


Àtụ:Country data Pakistan – Islamic Republic of Pakistan
  • Urdu: پاکستان – اسلامی جمہوریۂ پاکستان Àtụ:Rom
  • English: Pakistan – Islamic Republic of Pakistan

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN. Pakistan is a federation[7] divided into provinces and territories. Pakistan claims sovereignty over and administers part of Kashmir.[21]


Àtụ:Country data Palau – Republic of Palau
  • Palauan: Belau – Beluu er a Belau
  • English: Palau – Republic of Palau

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN under Compact of Free Association with the United States.


The Palestinian National Authority Àtụ:Arrow Other states

Àtụ:Country data Panama – Republic of Panama
  • Spanish: Panamá – República de Panamá

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


Àtụ:Country data Papua New Guinea – Independent State of Papua New Guinea
  • English: Papua New Guinea – Independent State of Papua New Guinea
  • Tok Pisin: Papua Niugini – Independen Stet bilong Papua Niugini

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN. Papua New Guinea is a Commonwealth realm[4] and also has the autonomous Region of Bougainville.[5]


  Paraguay – Republic of Paraguay
  • Spanish: Paraguay – República del Paraguay
  • Guarani: Paraguái – Tetã Paraguái

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


Persia Àtụ:Arrow Iran

Àtụ:Country data Peru – Republic of Peru
  • Spanish: Perú – República del Perú

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


Àtụ:Country data Philippines – Republic of the Philippines
  • Filipino: Pilipinas – Republika ng Pilipinas
  • English: Philippines – Republic of the Philippines
  • Spanish: Filipinas - República de Filipinas

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN. The Philippines has the autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao.[5] The Philippines claims sovereignty over the Spratly Islands, Scarborough Shoal and Sabah, which is currently administered by Malaysia.[12]


Àtụ:Country data Poland – Republic of Poland
  • Polish: Polska – Rzeczpospolita Polska

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN and the EU.[9]


Àtụ:Country data Portugal – Portuguese Republic

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN and the EU.[9] Portugal has two autonomous regions:

Portugal does not recognize Spanish sovereignty over:


Pridnestrovie Àtụ:Arrow Other states, Transnistria

Q dezie


  Qatar – State of Qatar

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


R dezie


Àtụ:Country data Romania

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN and the EU.[9]


Àtụ:Country data Russia – Russian Federation

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN. Russia is a federation[7][51] divided into Subjects of Russia (oblasts, republics, autonomous okrugs, krays, and federal cities).
Several of the federal subjects are republics:[5]


  Rwanda – Republic of Rwanda
  • KinyaRwanda: Rwanda – Repubulika y'u Rwanda
  • French: Rwanda – République du Rwanda
  • English: Rwanda – Republic of Rwanda

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


S dezie


Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic Àtụ:Arrow Other states

Àtụ:Country data Saint Kitts and Nevis – Federation of Saint Christopher and Nevis
  • English: Saint Kitts and Nevis – Federation of Saint Christopher and Nevis

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN. Saint Kitts and Nevis is a Commonwealth realm[4] and is a federation[7] of the islands.


Àtụ:Country data Saint Lucia

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN. Saint Lucia is a Commonwealth realm.[4]


Àtụ:Country data Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
  • English: Saint Vincent and the Grenadines

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN. Saint Vincent and the Grenadines is a Commonwealth realm.[4]


Àtụ:Country data Samoa – Independent State of Samoa
  • Samoan: Sāmoa – Mālo Tuto'atasi o Sāmoa
  • English: Samoa – Independent State of Samoa

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


Àtụ:Country data San Marino – Republic of San Marino
  • Italian: San Marino – Repubblica di San Marino

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


Àtụ:Country data São Tomé and Príncipe – Democratic Republic of São Tomé and Príncipe
  • Portuguese: São Tomé e Príncipe – República Democrática de São Tomé e Príncipe

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN. São Tomé and Príncipe has an autonomous province, Príncipe.[5]


  Saudi Arabia – Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
  • Arabic: السعودية – المملكة العربيّة السّعوديّة Àtụ:Rom

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


  Senegal – Republic of Senegal
  • French: Sénégal – République du Sénégal

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


Àtụ:Country data Serbia – Republic of Serbia

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN. Serbia considers itself to have two autonomous provinces,[5] though most of Kosovo is under the de facto control of the Republic of Kosovo, which does not have general recognition.


  Seychelles – Republic of Seychelles
  • English: Seychelles – Republic of Seychelles
  • French: Seychelles – République des Seychelles
  • Seselwa: Sesel - Repiblik Sesel

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN. The Seychelles claim the British Indian Ocean Territory and the French Glorioso Islands and Tromelin Island.[8]


  Sierra Leone – Republic of Sierra Leone
  • English: Sierra Leone – Republic of Sierra Leone

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


Àtụ:Country data Singapore – Republic of Singapore
  • English: Singapore – Republic of Singapore
  • Malay: Singapura – Republik Singapura
  • Chinese: 新加坡 – 新加坡共和国 Àtụ:Rom
  • Tamil: சிங்கப்பூர் – சிங்கப்பூர் குடியரசு Àtụ:Rom

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


Àtụ:Country data Slovakia – Slovak Republic
  • Slovak: Slovensko – Slovenská republika
  • Hungarian: Szlovákia - Szlovák Köztársaság

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN and the EU.[9]


Àtụ:Country data Slovenia – Republic of Slovenia
  • Slovenian: Slovenija – Republika Slovenija
  • Italian: Slovenia - Repubblica slovena
  • Hungarian: Szlovénia – a Szlovén Köztársaság

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN and the EU.[9]


Àtụ:Country data Solomon Islands

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN. The Solomon Islands is a Commonwealth realm.[4]


  Somalia – Federal Republic of Somalia
  • Somali: Soomaaliya – Jamhuuriyadda Federaalka Soomaaliya
  • Arabic: الصومال – جمهورية الصومال Àtụ:Rom

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN. Somalia is presently fragmented with its Transitional National Government. Somalia disputed the Yemenite sovereignty over Socotra.[8] See Somaliland for the de facto country inside the de jure territory of Somalia.


  South Africa – Republic of South Africa
  • English: South Africa – Republic of South Africa
  • Afrikaans: Suid-Afrika – Republiek van Suid-Afrika
  • Xhosa: Mzantsi Afrika – IRiphabliki yaseMzantsi Afrika
  • Zulu: Ningizimu Afrika – IRiphabliki yaseNingizimu Afrika
  • Southern Ndebele: Sewula Afrika – IRiphabliki yeSewula Afrika
  • Northern Sotho: Afrika-Borwa – Rephaboliki ya Afrika-Borwa
  • Sotho: Afrika Borwa – Rephaboliki ya Afrika Borwa
  • Tswana: Aforika Borwa – Rephaboliki ya Aforika Borwa
  • Swati: Ningizimu Afrika – IRiphabhulikhi yeNingizimu Afrika
  • Venda: Afurika Tshipembe – Riphabuḽiki ya Afurika Tshipembe
  • Tsonga: Afrika Dzonga – Riphabliki ra Afrika Dzonga

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


South Korea Àtụ:Arrow Korea, Republic of

South Ossetia Àtụ:Arrow Other states

Àtụ:Country data Spain – Kingdom of Spain
  • Spanish: España – Reino de España
  • Catalan: Espanya – Regne d'Espanya
  • Basque: Espainia – Espainiako Erresuma
  • Galician: España – Reino de España

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN and the EU.[9] Spain is divided into autonomous communities and cities. The sovereignty over Ceuta, Isla de Alborán, Isla Perejil, Islas Chafarinas, Melilla and Peñón de Alhucemas is disputed by Morocco. The sovereignty over Olivenza and Táliga is disputed by Portugal. Spain disputes the British sovereignty over Gibraltar.[8]


Àtụ:Country data Sri Lanka – Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka
  • Sinhala: ශ්‍රී ලංකා – ශ්‍රී ලංකා ප්‍රජාතාන්ත්‍රික සමාජවාදී ජනරජය Àtụ:Rom
  • Tamil: இலங்கை – இலங்கை ஜனநாயக சமத்துவ குடியரசு Àtụ:Rom

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


  Sudan – Republic of the Sudan

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN. Sudan is a federation[7] divided into states and has one autonomous region, Southern Sudan, formed out of the Southern Sudanese states.[5]


Àtụ:Country data Suriname – Republic of Suriname
  • Dutch: Suriname – Republiek Suriname

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


Àtụ:Country data Swaziland – Kingdom of Swaziland
  • English: Swaziland – Kingdom of Swaziland
  • Swati: eSwatini – Umbuso weSwatini

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


Àtụ:Country data Sweden – Kingdom of Sweden
  • Swedish: Sverige – Konungariket Sverige

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN and the EU.[9]


Àtụ:Country data Switzerland – Swiss Confederation
  • German: Schweiz – Schweizerische Eidgenossenschaft
  • French: Suisse – Confédération Suisse
  • Italian: Svizzera – Confederazione Svizzera
  • Raeto-Romance: Svizra – Confederaziun Svizra
  • Latin: Confoederatio Helvetica

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN. Switzerland is a federation[7] divided into cantons.


Àtụ:Country data Syria – Syrian Arab Republic
  • Arabic: سورية – الجمهوريّة العربيّة السّوريّة Àtụ:Rom

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN. The Golan is occupied by Israel. Syria disputed the Turkish sovereignty over Hatay Province.[8]


T dezie


Taiwan Àtụ:Arrow Other states

  Tajikistan – Republic of Tajikistan
  • Tajik: Тоҷикистон – Ҷумҳурии Тоҷикистон Àtụ:Rom

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN. Tajikistan also has the Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Province.[5]


  Tanzania – United Republic of Tanzania
  • Swahili: Tanzania – Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania
  • English: Tanzania – United Republic of Tanzania

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN. Tanzania is a federacy with an autonomous status for Zanzibar.[5]


Àtụ:Country data Thailand – Kingdom of Thailand
  • Thai: ประเทศไทย – ราชอาณาจักรไทย Àtụ:Rom

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


Timor-Leste Àtụ:Arrow East Timor

  Togo – Togolese Republic
  • French: Togo – République Togolaise

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


Àtụ:Country data Tonga – Kingdom of Tonga
  • Tongan: Tonga – Pule'anga Fakatu'i 'o Tonga
  • English: Tonga – Kingdom of Tonga

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


Transnistria Àtụ:Arrow Other states

Àtụ:Country data Trinidad and Tobago – Republic of Trinidad and Tobago
  • English: Trinidad and Tobago – Republic of Trinidad and Tobago

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN. Trinidad and Tobago has an autonomous island, Tobago.[5]


  Tunisia – Republic of Tunisia

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


Àtụ:Country data Turkey – Republic of Turkey
  • Turkish: Türkiye – Türkiye Cumhuriyeti

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


Àtụ:Country data Turkmenistan

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


Àtụ:Country data Tuvalu

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN. Tuvalu is a Commonwealth realm.[4]


U dezie


  Uganda – Republic of Uganda
  • English: Uganda – Republic of Uganda
  • Swahili: Uganda – Jamhuri ya Uganda

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


Àtụ:Country data Ukraine

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN. Ukraine has one autonomous republic:[5]


  United Arab Emirates

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN. The United Arab Emirates is a federation[7] divided into emirates.


Àtụ:Country data United Kingdom – United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
  • English: United Kingdom – United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
  • Welsh: Teyrnas Unedig Prydain Fawr a Gogledd Iwerddon
  • Scottish Gaelic: An Rìoghachd Aonaichte na Breatainn Mhòr agus Èirinn a Tuath
  • Irish: Ríocht Aontaithe na Breataine Móire agus Thuaisceart Éireann
  • Scots: Unitit Kinrick o Great Breetain an Northren Ireland
  • Cornish: Ruwvaneth Unys Breten Veur hag Iwerdhon Gledh

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN and the EU.[9] The United Kingdom is a Commonwealth realm[4] divided into four parts. The United Kingdom has the following overseas territories:

The British Crown has sovereignty over:


  United States – United States of America
  • English: United States – United States of America

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN. The United States is a federation[7] divided into states, a federal district, and one territory. The United States has sovereignty over the following (inhabited) territories and commonwealths:

In addition, there are uninhabited territories in the Pacific Ocean and the Caribbean Sea: Baker Island, Howland Island, Jarvis Island, Johnston Atoll, Kingman Reef, Midway Atoll, Palmyra Atoll (incorporated), Wake Island (disputed by the Marshall Islands) as well as Navassa Island (disputed by Haiti).[8] Of these, only Palmyra Atoll is fully incorporated and permanently under U.S. sovereignty.


  Uruguay – Eastern Republic of Uruguay
  • Spanish: Uruguay – República Oriental del Uruguay

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


Àtụ:Country data Uzbekistan – Republic of Uzbekistan
  • Uzbek: Ўзбекистон – Ўзбекистон Республикаси Àtụ:Rom

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN. Uzbekistan has one autonomous republic:[5]


V dezie


Àtụ:Country data Vanuatu – Republic of Vanuatu
  • Bislama: Vanuatu – Ripablik blong Vanuatu
  • English: Vanuatu – Republic of Vanuatu
  • French: Vanuatu – République du Vanuatu

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


Àtụ:Country data Vatican City – State of the Vatican City
  • Latin: Civitas Vaticana – Status Civitatis Vaticanæ
  • Italian: Città del Vaticano – Stato della Città del Vaticano

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized country. The Holy See, a sovereign entity recognized by 176 countries, administers the territory of Vatican City; the Holy See is a permanent observer of the UN. Vatican City is governed by officials appointed by the Pope, with the latter being the Bishop of the Archdiocese of Rome and therefore, ex officio sovereign of Vatican City. The Holy See also administers a number of extraterritorial properties in Italy and in many other countries (Apostolic Nunciatures).


Àtụ:Country data Venezuela – Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela
  • Spanish: Venezuela – República Bolivariana de Venezuela

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN. Venezuela is a federation[7] divided into states, one federal dependency and one federal district.


Àtụ:Country data Vietnam – Socialist Republic of Vietnam
  • Vietnamese: Việt Nam – Cộng hòa Xã hội Chủ nghĩa Việt Nam

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN. Vietnam claims sovereignty over the Paracel[20] and Spratly Islands.[12]


W dezie


Y dezie


Àtụ:Country data Yemen – Republic of Yemen

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN. The Yemenite sovereignty over Socotra is disputed by Somalia.[8]

Z dezie


  Zambia – Republic of Zambia
  • English: Zambia – Republic of Zambia

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


  Zimbabwe – Republic of Zimbabwe
  • English: Zimbabwe – Republic of Zimbabwe

Àtụ:ExtentWidely recognized member of the UN.


Other states dezie

Àtụ:Mainlist This annex lists states that claim sovereignty and have control over (part of) their claimed territories, but due to disputes over their legitimacy, do not have normal diplomatic relations with the majority of sovereign states. Entities considered to be micronations are not included.


Àtụ:Country data Abkhazia: Republic of Abkhazia

Àtụ:ExtentDe facto independent state only recognised by Russia, Nicaragua, South Ossetia and Transnistria.[52] Claimed in whole by Georgia as the Autonomous Republic of Abkhazia.


Àtụ:Country data Kosovo – Republic of Kosovo

Àtụ:ExtentDe facto independent state that is recognised by Àtụ:Kosovorecognition UN member states and by the Republic of China. Claimed in whole by the Republic of Serbia as part of its Autonomous Province of Kosovo and Metohija. In turn, the Republic of Kosovo claims the part of Kosovo controlled by the Republic of Serbia and still administered by the United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo (UNMIK).


Àtụ:Country data Nagorno-Karabakh – Nagorno-Karabakh Republic
  • Armenian: Լեռնային Ղարաբաղ – Լեռնային Ղարաբաղի ՀանրապետությունÀtụ:Rom

Àtụ:ExtentDe facto independent state that has not been diplomatically recognized by any other state. Claimed in whole by the Republic of Azerbaijan.[53]


Àtụ:Country data Northern Cyprus – Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus
  • Turkish: Kuzey Kıbrıs – Kuzey Kıbrıs Türk Cumhuriyeti

Àtụ:ExtentDe facto independent state that is recognised only by Turkey. It was accepted as an observer state of the Organisation of the Islamic Conference under the name of the Turkish Cypriot State since 1979. In addition, the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic regards TRNC as sovereign but Azerbaijan (the sovereign state that Nakhichevan belongs to) has not followed suit. Northern Cyprus is claimed in whole by the Republic of Cyprus.[54]


Àtụ:Country data PalestineÀtụ:Namespace detect showall Palestine[55][56]

Àtụ:Extent Palestine enjoys observer status at United Nations General Assembly and maintains a permanent observer mission at the UN Headquarters[57] The declared State of Palestine is recognized by more than 100 countries. In foreign relations, the State of Palestine is represented by the Palestine Liberation Organization. The Palestinian National Authority is an interim administrative body formed as a result of the Oslo Accords that exercises limited control over parts of Occupied Palestinian Territory, the rest of which is controlled by Israel.


Àtụ:Country data SADR – Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
  • Arabic: الجمهورية العربية الصحراوية الديمقراطية Àtụ:Rom

Àtụ:ExtentDe facto independent state recognized by 46 other states. It is a member of the African Union and the Asian-African Strategic Partnership formed at the 2005 Asian-African Conference. The territories under its control, the so-called Free Zone, are claimed in whole by Morocco as part of its Southern Provinces. In turn, the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic claims the part of the Western Sahara to the west of the Moroccan Wall controlled by Morocco. Its government resides in exile in Algeria.


Àtụ:Country data Somaliland – Republic of Somaliland
  • Somali: Soomaaliland – Jamhuuriyadda Soomaaliland
  • Arabic: ارض الصومال – جمهورية ارض الصومال Àtụ:Rom

Àtụ:ExtentDe facto independent state not diplomatically recognized by any other state, claimed in whole by the Somali Republic.[58]


Àtụ:Country data South Ossetia – Republic of South Ossetia
  • Ossetian: Хуссар Ирыстон – Республикæ Хуссар ИрыстонÀtụ:Rom
  • Russian: Южная Осетия – Республика Южная ОсетияÀtụ:Rom

Àtụ:ExtentDe facto independent state only recognised by Russia, Nicaragua, Abkhazia and Transnistria. Claimed in whole by the Republic of Georgia as the Provisional Administrative Entity of South Ossetia.[52]


  Taiwan – Republic of China[15]

Àtụ:ExtentA state competing for recognition with the People's Republic of China as the government of China since 1949. The Republic of China controls the island of Taiwan and associated islands, Quemoy, Matsu, the Pratas, and part of the Spratly Islands[12] and has not renounced claims over the territory of the PRC and Mongolia.[60] The Republic of China is currently recognised by Àtụ:ROCrecognition including the Vatican City. The territory of the Republic of China is claimed in whole by the People's Republic of China.[19] The Republic of China participates in a number of non-UN international organizations such as the World Trade Organization, International Olympic Committee and others under a variety of pseudonyms, most commonly Àtụ:Country data TPEÀtụ:Namespace detect showall Chinese Taipei.


Àtụ:Country data Transnistria – Transnistrian Moldovan Republic (Pridnestrovie, Trans-Dniester)
  • Russian: Приднестровье: Приднестровская Молдавская РеспубликаÀtụ:Rom
  • Ukrainian: Придністров'я: Придністровська Молдавська РеспублікаÀtụ:Rom
  • Moldovan: Нистря: Република Молдовеняскэ НистрянэÀtụ:Rom

Àtụ:ExtentDe facto independent state, recognized only by Abkhazia and South Ossetia. Claimed in whole by the Republic of Moldova as the Territorial Unit of Transnistria.[61]

Criteria for inclusion dezie

This list derives its definition of a state from Article 1 of the Montevideo Convention of 1933. According to the Convention, a state should possess the following qualifications: (a) a permanent population, (b) a defined territory, (c) government, and (d) capacity to enter into relations with the other states. In respect of the last qualification, the role of recognition by other states can often be crucial since it implies acceptance into the international community.[62] The list includes all states which are often regarded as satisfying these criteria and claim to be sovereign and independent. However, in many cases, whether an entity satisfies the Montevideo Convention criteria is disputed. It is also important to note that there is a divergence of opinion in international law on whether the Montevideo Convention criteria alone are sufficient qualities of statehood. Links to different theories on this question are provided below.

On the basis of the above criteria, this list includes the following 203 entities:

Entities considered to be micronations that are not internationally recognized are not included.

Unlisted above are the following noteworthy entities that do not satisfy all the qualifications in the Montevideo Convention:

See also dezie

Notes dezie

  1. The names of the items in the list are given in English and include both an English version of the short official names (e.g. Afghanistan) and an English version of the (longer) official names (e.g. Islamic Republic of Afghanistan), as well as the same names in the (de jure or de facto) official languages on national level of the entity. Main source for the names in the official languages are the German Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the CIA World Fact Book (both retrieved 14 August 2007). If needed, they have been transliterated into Romanized characters, but original scripts (such as Cyrillic or Chinese characters) are included. When possible, the Romanization preferred by the country has been used.The sources for both flag and names, official languages and Romanizations are the main articles on these entities. When other sources are used, these sources are mentioned. See for a gallery of flags Gallery of sovereign-state flags.
  2. Information is included on
  3. 3.0 3.1 More information on separatism can be found at the List of active autonomist and secessionist movements and the main articles.
  4. 4.00 4.01 4.02 4.03 4.04 4.05 4.06 4.07 4.08 4.09 4.10 4.11 4.12 4.13 4.14 4.15 The Commonwealth realms are members of the Commonwealth of Nations in which the head of state is Queen Elizabeth II. The realms are sovereign states, see Sovereignty of the Realms.
  5. 5.00 5.01 5.02 5.03 5.04 5.05 5.06 5.07 5.08 5.09 5.10 5.11 5.12 5.13 5.14 5.15 5.16 5.17 5.18 5.19 5.20 For more information on divisions with a high degree of autonomy, see the List of autonomous areas by country.
  6. Argentina is also named Argentine Nation for purposes of legislation.
  7. 7.00 7.01 7.02 7.03 7.04 7.05 7.06 7.07 7.08 7.09 7.10 7.11 7.12 7.13 7.14 7.15 7.16 7.17 7.18 7.19 7.20 7.21 7.22 More information on more or less federal structures can be found at a List of federations.
  8. 8.00 8.01 8.02 8.03 8.04 8.05 8.06 8.07 8.08 8.09 8.10 8.11 8.12 8.13 8.14 8.15 8.16 8.17 8.18 8.19 8.20 More information on territorial disputes can be found at the List of territorial disputes and the main articles.
  9. 9.00 9.01 9.02 9.03 9.04 9.05 9.06 9.07 9.08 9.09 9.10 9.11 9.12 9.13 9.14 9.15 9.16 9.17 9.18 9.19 9.20 9.21 9.22 9.23 9.24 9.25 9.26 The member countries of the European Union transferred part of their sovereignty in the form of legislative, executive, and judicial powers to the institutions of the EU.
  10. Formerly referred to as Dahomey, its official name until 1975.
  11. For more information about the division of Bosnia and Herzegovina, see Dayton Agreement and the text of The General Framework Agreement for Peace in Bosnia and Herzegovina.
  12. 12.0 12.1 12.2 12.3 12.4 12.5 The sovereignty over the Spratly Islands is disputed by People's Republic of China, the Republic of China, Vietnam, the Philippines (part), Malaysia (part), and Brunei (part). Except Brunei, each of these countries occupies part of the islands (see List of territorial disputes).
  13. Also known as Burkina; formerly referred to as Upper Volta, its official name until 1984.
  14. The legal name for Canada is the sole word; an officially sanctioned, though disused, name is Dominion of Canada (which includes its legal title); see: Name of Canada, Dominion.
  15. 15.0 15.1 The People's Republic of China (PRC) is commonly referred to as China, while the Republic of China (ROC) is commonly referred to as Taiwan. The ROC is also occasionally known diplomatically as Chinese Taipei, along with other names.
  16. The People's Republic of China is currently not recognized by 23 UN member states and the Holy See, which recognise the Republic of China. See: Dates of establishment of diplomatic relations with the People's Republic of China and Foreign relations of the PRC.
  17. Government of Hong Kong
  18. Government of Macau
  19. 19.0 19.1 In 1949, during the Chinese Civil War, the Republic of China government led by the Kuomintang (KMT) lost control of mainland China to the Communist Party of China (CPC) and relocated to the island of Taiwan. The CPC established the PRC. As such, the political status of the ROC and the legal status of Taiwan (alongside the territories currently under ROC jurisdiction) are in dispute. In 1971, the ROC lost the China seat at the United Nations to the PRC: most states recognize or acknowledge the PRC to be the sole legitimate representative of all China, and the UN reckons the former as Taiwan, Province of China. The ROC is currently recognized by the Holy See and Àtụ:ROCrecognition UN member states as the government of China and has de facto relations with most others. A significant political movement within Taiwan advocates Taiwan independence.
  20. 20.0 20.1 The Chinese sovereignty over the Paracel Islands is disputed by Vietnam and the Republic of China (see List of territorial disputes).
  21. 21.0 21.1 21.2 The sovereignty over Kashmir is disputed by India and Pakistan, smaller parts are disputed by the People's Republic of China (and the Republic of China). De facto Kashmir is divided between India, Pakistan and China. See the List of territorial disputes.
  22. Abbreviated as DRC, and also known as Congo-Kinshasa; also formerly referred to as Zaire, its official name from 1971 to 1997.
  23. Cyprus is recognized by the Holy See and all UN member states except Turkey, see Foreign relations of Cyprus
  24. A simpler official short-form name has been encouraged by the Czech government: the English variant Czechia remains uncommon, but variants in Czech (Česko) and some other languages are more popular. See Name of the Czech Republic
  25. The government of East Timor uses Timor-Leste as the English translation.
  26. Hindustani uses both the Hindi and Urdu script
  27. Source for the romanization is Geonames.
  28. Åland was demilitarised by the Treaty of Paris in 1856, which was later affirmed by the League of Nations in 1921, and in a somewhat different context reaffirmed in the treaty on Finland's admission to the European Union in 1995.
  29. See List of active autonomist and secessionist movements.
  30. Source: Iraqi constitution
  31. Ireland is often referred to as the Republic of Ireland (its official description but not its name). Sometimes this is done to distinguish Ireland from island of Ireland as a whole. However, sometimes it is done for political reasons and is contentious.
  32. Israel is currently non-recognized by 11 countries, see Foreign relations of Israel.
  33. Israel and the Palestinians: Key terms, BBC Newswatch, accessed, 8 April 2009.
  34. Dore Gold, JCPA Legal Acrobatics: The Palestinian Claim that Gaza is Still "Occupied" Even After Israel Withdraws, Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs, Vol. 5, No. 3, August 26, 2005.
  35. International Law and Gaza: The Assault on Israel's Right to Self-Defense, Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs, Vol. 7, No. 29 28 January 2008.
  36. Israeli MFA Address by Israeli Foreign Minister Livni to the 8th Herzliya Conference, Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Israel), January 22, 2008.
  37. Panelists Disagree Over Gaza’s Occupation Status, University of Virginia School of Law, November 17, 2005.
  38. "Israel: 'Disengagement' Will Not End Gaza Occupation" Human Rights Watch. October 29, 2004
  39. "Human Rights Council Special Session on the Occupied Palestinian Territories" July 6, 2006"
  40. Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs office on Occupied Palestinian Territory web site.
  41. Summary of the Advisory Opinion: Legal Consequences of the Construction of a Wall in the Occupied Palestinian Territory, International Court of Justice, July 9, 2004.
  42. Richard Falk, Statement by Prof. Richard Falk, United Nations Special Rapporteur for Human Rights in the Occupied Territories, United Nations Human Rights Council, December 27, 2008.
  43. See Names of Japan for more detail.
  44. Though the sovereignty of the Republic of Macedonia is not disputed, Greece disputes its name. Therefore, the republic is referred to by the UN and a number of countries and international organizations as "the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia".
  45. Some argue that Albanian is the second official language, others argue that Albanian is not used as a second official language. See also Macedonian language naming dispute.
  46. Moldovan is often considered to be the same language as Romanian, see Moldovan language.
  47. E.g. the Federal Republic of Germany has diplomatic relations with the Cook Islands, Source: German foreign ministry, retrieved 14 August 2007. For more information: Foreign relations of the Cook Islands
  48. Full text of joint communique on the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and Niue, China Internet Information Center, retrieved 25 May 2009
  49. Tokelau remains a dependent territory after referendums. Source: New Zealand Herald, retrieved 8 August 2008
  50. The continent of Antarctica, including its outlying islands south of 60°S, are held in abeyance under the terms of the Antarctic Treaty. All claims are suspended. Claiming countries are Argentina, Australia, Chile, France, New Zealand, Norway, and the United Kingdom. There is also an informal Brazilian claim.
  51. Whether or not the Russian Federation is a genuine federation is a matter of dispute. See: Russian Federation section.
  52. 52.0 52.1 Russia condemned for recognizing rebel regions. CNN.com (2008-08-26). Retrieved on 2008-08-26.
  53. See Regions and territories: Nagorno-Karabakh (17 January 2006). BBC News. Retrieved January 17, 2006.
  54. See The World Factbook|Cyprus (10 January 2006). Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved January 17, 2006.
  55. Bissio, 1995, p. 433.
  56. Page, 2004, p. 161.
  57. Source for observership: UN Website.
  58. See Regions and territories: Somaliland (30 December 2005). BBC News. Retrieved January 17, 2006.
  59. Romanization in Pinyin.
  60. "Ma refers to China as ROC territory in magazine interview", Taipei Times, 2008-10-08.
  61. 'See Regions and territories: Trans-Dniester (13 December 2005). BBC News. Retrieved January 17, 2006.
  62. "State", pp. 512–3 in Penguin Dictionary of International Relations. Evans, Graham & Newnham, Jeffrey. 1998. (ISBN 0-14-051397-3). London: Penguin Books Ltd.
  63. Rogan-Finnemore, Michelle (2005), "What Bioprospecting Means for Antarctica and the Southern Ocean", in Von Tigerstrom, Barbara (ed.), International Law Issues in the South Pacific, Ashgate Publishing, p. 204, ISBN 0754644197 "Australia, New Zealand, France, Norway and the United Kingdom reciprocally recognize the validity of each other's claims."
  64. CIA – the World Factbook – Antarctica – accessed 19 January 2008
  65. Bilateral relations with countries, Order of Malta, Retrieved 2009-01-27

Other references dezie

Bibliography dezie

  • (1995) in Roberto Remo Bissio: The world: a Third World guide 1995-96, Illustrated, Instituto del Tercer Mundo. 
  • Kogan Page (2004). Middle East Review, 27th, illustrated. 

Àtụ:Lists by country Àtụ:Link FL